Triukšmai šiuolaikinėje muzikoje. Lietuviškasis Broniaus Kutavičiaus fenomenas
Noises in contemporary music: the Lithuanian phenomenon of Bronius Kutavičius

Summary/Abstract: This paper discusses the enhancement of musical compositions with the so-called sound events and their elements, i.e. sound effects.The first part of the paper provides a history of the association of sound objects to academic music and makes mention of the composers who have had a profound influence on sound composition (Italian Futurists, Charles Ives, Edgar Varese, John Cage and the "musique concrète" composers). John Cage is regarded as the leader in this area, who legitimated the use of environmental sounds - noise - in music and provided a theoretical framework for their introduction.The theoretical part of the paper discusses the work of Yuri Lotman and Jean-Jacques Nattiez who analysed the different ways of treatment of noise - objects of sound - in music. Lotman regarded noise as a manifestation of the asymmetry of the semiotic space (the centre - the periphery) and as hierarchical levels of nuclear structures of the semiosphere. Nattiez focused on the different employment of noise and other sound objects in musical compositions by various composers.The third part deals with the compositions by Bronius Kutavicius - the opera-poem "Strazdas - žalias paukštis" (Thrush, the Green Bird, 1981) and the oratorio "Iš jotvingių akmens" (From the Jatvingian Stone, 1983) – and the use of various sound objects in them. At the time of their creation, these compositions meant realization of the most extreme composer's ideas.

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