Nové poznatky k raně středověké fortifikaci „Hradisko nad Nectavou“ na katastru obce Biskupice u Jevíčka
New Findings about the Early Medieval Fortification “Hradisko nad Nectavou” at the Cadastral Municipality of Biskupice near Jevíčko

Summary/Abstract: In 2000 it was discovered an early medieval fortification of the area of almost 2 hectares on the top of a promontory above the river Nectava at the cadastral municipality of Biskupice, a fortification unknown to experts up to date. The fortification consists of a circular earthwork and a ditch at a moreaccessible south-west side. The second line of the fortification is made in the easier manner (a rampart of a bulwark?). Only few ceramic finds, dated approximately to the Middle Hillfort period, is known from this locality. The absence of ceramics indicates a short-term usage of this fortification.Between years 2002–2006 the place was subjected to the detector survey with the result of metal finds dated back to the Middle Hillfort period. The exceptional collection is chiefly fourteen rhombic and deltoid arrowheads associated with old Hungarian raiders from the early 10th century. The detector survey that took place in 2010 enlarged the collection of finds with four arrowheads and other metal artefacts. Except for the Middle Hillfort period, only isolated proofs of a human presence are known in this locality in La Tene period, the Early Hillfort period and the High Middle Ages. A longterm landscape survey, aimed at the issue of defunct roads, put the fortification into the military-strategic systems of Great Moravia when the locality served as the satellite fortification of the large hillfort Mařín, approximately at ten kilometres distance to the west from “Hradisko nad Nectavou”. The hillfortcontrolled nearby roads, especially the crossroad of Mařín and Great Moravian Olomouc. In the regional literature, the first description of the fortification appeared in the manuscript The Commemorative Book of the town Biskupice until 1928 in 1929. The finding of a magnificent pair of castellated Great Moravian iron stirrups, decorated by tausing and originally from the Baltics, probably also comes from the proximity of the Nectava hillfort.

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