SYSTEM RZĄDÓW RZECZYPOSPOLITEJ POLSKIEJ W ŚWIETLE KONSTYTUCJI Z 1997 ROKU (PROLEGOMENA)
GOVERNMENT SYSTEM IN THE REPUBLIC OF POLAND IN THE LIGHT OF THE CONSTIUTION OF 1997 (PROLEGOMENA)

Summary/Abstract: Since 1989, the problem of the government system, including in particular the governmentsystem normatively defined in the Constitution of the Republic of Poland of 2 April 1997, has beena subject of vivid interest and comprehensive analysis in the Polish science of constitutional lawand in political science. Two groups of issues presented in a synthetic way are the subject of thisarticle: 1) an attempt to reconstruct the most typical views and standpoints of representatives ofPolish science concerning ideas and theories of the government systems; 2) characteristics againstslightly wider regime-related background of the government system defined in the Constitution of1997 and its main elements.Out of the issues contemplated in this article a number of significant ones has been dealt withby Polish science, such as: understanding the expression “government system”; classification ofgovernment systems; characteristics of basic models of government systems — the parliamentaryone and its streamlined version, presidential, and mixed systems. Reflecting on the governmentsystem in the light of the Constitution of the Republic of Poland of 1997, a number of essentialissues from this area has been submitted to analysis, such as: shaping a concept of governmentsystem under the Constitution in force; influence of the foremost constitutional principles regardingthe political system on the government system, such as: democratic state under the rule of law,national authorities, representative form of exercising power by the nation, separation and balanceof powers, and political pluralism. General characteristics of the constitutional government systemof the Republic of Poland has been acknowledged as a system of mixed character, highlightingthose provisions that indicate the prevalence of the parliamentary features of the government systemdepicting solutions that serve the rationalization of this system, presenting incorporated elementsof the presidential system and regulations of the national background.

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