PRZEWARTOśCIOWANIE SYMBOLIKI KRZYżA U ANDRZEJA TOWIAńSKIEGO
Revision of the Meaning of Cross as a Symbol in Andrzej Towiański's Works

Summary/Abstract: The article raises the issue of romantic dialogue of with Christian heritage exemplified by Towianism. Andrzej Towiański, its founder, communicated his believers the need of religious enthusiasm, able to transform the world. Metamorphism, then, is the key word in the article. It reveals itself in expanding the Christian symbol of cross onto two contrary signs: the black cross and the white cross. The former one symbolizes God's dispensation, i.e. fate sent on the man. It is, according to Towiański, something unwanted, because it is opposed to the white cross. The latter one is a symbol of being chosen 'marked in the Bible', i.e. by Christ for a hero. In the article, the author tries to prove Towiański's contradiction to religious archetypes, which shows Towiański's critical approach towards Catholicism as a theory spread by the Church. The aim of the paper is to reveal relation between vocabulary and ideas of the epoch in which it was used.

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