ФОРМУВАННЯ ОСОБИСТОСТІ У СОЦІУМІ В КОНТЕКСТІ ПРОБЛЕМИ "ІНШОГО"
Formation of personality in society in the context of the "Other"

Summary/Abstract: Article is devoted to comprehension of the processes of formation of the personality in society in the plane problem of the relationship "I – Another." Attention is focused on the issues of socialization and personalizationas of man well as the forms and mechanisms of his adaptation to the conditions of life of society, to which he is open and internally oriented to dialogue. Analysis is based on paradigm of T. Parsons that socialization implies, on the one hand, the integration of the personality into society, on the other hand, his differentiation.It is shown that every epoch brings its understanding of the essential qualities of the person, which is implemented in the context of socio-cultural development of society. In this perspective, the optimization of the process of coordination of individual and society becomes the key issue of our time. It stimulates the development of extensive and intensive modern technologies in the sphere of social practice, the main functional task of which is maintenance of a certain level of social consolidation of society.In the process of socialization individual perceives and internalizes sociocultural experience of collective of people united by common orientations, social problems and general life activity. Obtained knowledge is the basis of spiritual and practical activity of human. They allow to him to understand his place in the world, as well as to form his attitude to surrounding reality and himself.Knowledge forms the basis of human spirituality. However, to have a real impact on the life of the subject, they should be transformed into world outlook and moral principles, values, vital reference points and to outgrow in awareness of specific goals and means to achieve them. In the process of socialization of the individual the social experience, generalized in the forms of culture, transforms into individual life form. Simultaneously with the formation of self-identification such areas of its self-consciousness as self-knowledge, emotional and value attitude toward himself, self-regulation are developed.The process of communication with Other is one of the necessary conditions for the formation, development and socialization of personality. Not achievement of identity with him is the aim of communication. The contrary, identifying himself with Other, the individual seeks to determine his I, to recognize as individual reality.The idea of communication is based on the paradigm of collectivity existence of the human being. Its main determinants are common goals, that consolidate people; general rules governing the collective activity; common values as a system of criteria assess the effectiveness and acceptability those or other acts and products of human activity.The difference between the processes of socialization in traditional and non-traditional societies is justified. It is shown that a factor of such a difference is primarily a non-identity of their knowledge systems, which are the initial spiritual prerequisite for the formation of self-consciousness. Mechanisms of external influence on the person in theprocess of its formation are also different. For example, the integration of the individual in a non-traditional society is organized and regulated by social institutions (public, private) purposefully, in accordance with the norms which are accepted in a given society. Sociocultural regulation includes all aspects of non-traditional society: economic, political, legal, religious, artistic, and other areas.In traditional society (with its collective consciousness, syncretic character culture) traditions that historically developed in the process of its development, are its main social and cultural regulator. Integration of the individual in traditional society is accomplished by mastering traditions – sociocultural heritage, which is transferred directly from one generation to another (from parents to children, from master to disciple, etc.).In traditional society (with its collective consciousness and its syncretic character of culture) traditions that historically developed in the process of its development, are main sociocultural regulator. Integration of the individual in traditional society is accomplished by mastering traditions – sociocultural heritage, which is transferred directly from one generation to another (from parents to children, from master to disciple, etc.).The degree of differentiation of the individual in these societies is also nonidentical. For example, in a traditional society, in which are appreciated innovation and initiative the formation of extraordinary "I" comes to the fore. Person aspires to individual self-expression, that is, the emphasis is on the differentiation of the individual. In traditional society, in which collectivity dominates, on the contrary, the differentiation of the individual less weighty, which is manifested most clearly in the anonymous character of creative work of folk artists.Thus, solving the problem of socialization by assimilation of socio-cultural experience of society, a man transforms the forms of his determination in the self-identification. Spheres of his consciousness (self-knowledge, emotional and value attitude toward himself, self-regulation) are developed.

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