Geopolityka jako „światopogląd władzy” w Rosji
Geopolitics as the ‘Worldview of the Power Elite’ in Russia

Summary/Abstract: The purpose of this article is to present the characteristics and motives of thinking about international relations represented by the Russian ruling elite. This thinking is determined by geopolitics. According to Alexander Dugin, one of the most important geopoliticians in Russia, ‘geopolitics is the worldview of the power elite’. The Russian political class is not the only one in the world establishment whose perception of the world order is based on geopolitical interpretations. A similar trend can be observed in the American and Chinese approaches to these issues. The recent recognition of Southeast Asia and the adjacent area of the Pacific by Washington as the most important global direction of the United States’ politics has only confirmed this tendency. Nevertheless, geopolitics in Russia becomes a field of knowledge, which is incorporated into the new Russian messianism, being one of the cornerstones of the Russian historical destination and filling Russian historiosophy with new content. Geopolitics in Russia owes its special status to the fact that in the 1990s it became an ideology, which filled the ideological vacuum after the collapse of the communist ideology. Thus, geopolitics has been undergoing a process of ideologization, as a result of which it has become a new universal idea that provides the Russians with an integral explanation of the world order. Geopolitics and the resulting vision of the international system determined by geography and zones of influence have become both the worldview of the Russian authorities and an essential element of Russian strategic culture. The article presents conditions that make geopolitics a permanent, archetypical component of the Russian ruling elite’s approach to the world and the global order.

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