Формування антропологічних засад в історико-культурологічній думці України
Formation of the anthropological basis in historical and cultural belief Ukraine

Summary/Abstract: On the basis of analysis kulturphilosofskoyi heritage and anthropological concepts of local thinkers identified cultural aspects in view of man. Based on the development of new methodologies and research strategies they form a system of beliefs and ideas about the appropriate person and thus expand the subject matter of classical philosophical issues and contribute to the development of new knowledge about the person. It is shown that among the humanities, designed to study and interpretation of human existence in its basic dimensions, cultural belonging , in which the human problem, its relationship to culture is presented as an objective task and includes questions about the way of being human in the world and is to universal basic image analysis of human subjectivity. In developing its own methodology and using its research tools, cultural studies as a new branch of modern humanities, which is still in the stage of academic identification, semantic reasoning and spiritual justification for his own performance, identifies their specific research field in which human problems, including Ukrainian, are central. Theoretical and methodological basis of the research was the concept of local scientists (H. Skovoroda, P. Jurkiewicz, M. Berdyaev, D. Czyzewski, I. Mirchuk, O. Kulchytsky, M. Shlemkevych, V. Yaniv, V. Shynkaruk, S. Krimsky, M. Popovich, V. Tabachkovsky), in which the idea kordotsentryzmu defined as the dominant worldview , the most characteristic feature of Ukrainian culture, closely associated with anthropocentrism. With this in mind, the scientific heritage Ukrainian thinkers regarded as a theoretical basis of national cultural thought. The article analyzes the philosophical heritage of outstanding Ukrainian thinkers – H. Skovoroda, P. Yurkevych, M. Berdyaev and others. Giving answers to important philosophical questions and offers unique solutions in conceptual understanding of value characteristics of human existence. Demonstrating compliance philosophical -wide scale, the legacy of native thinkers, focused around the heart theoretical ideas characteristic of the Ukrainian mentality within the Ukrainian philosophy, history, literature makes a strong anthropological tendency, which was called "philosophy of the heart". It focused thinking thinkers about man, about the search for her happiness, her self-discovery and self. This whole philosophical system covers many problems of human existence, such as the relationship between man and God, man external and internal, man and the world. The source of wisdom it appears the heart and center of life is seen in the man himself. The article substantiates the idea that the traditions of philosophizing Gregory Pans extended galaxy of prominent Ukrainian scientists whose studies were carried out in exile (D. Czyzewski, I. Mirchuk, O. Kulchytsky, M. Shlemkevych, V. Yaniv et al. ) That impact on the diversity of approaches to understanding the fate and existence Ukrainian people. In the center of the reflection of the outstanding Ukrainian scientist, professor and rector of the Ukrainian Free University (Munich) O. Kulchytsky are issues of philosophical anthropology developed in terms of Ukrainian spiritual and cultural reality. Building a proper philosophical – anthropological concept in his seminal work "The Principles of Philosophy and philosophical sciences" (Munich – Lvov, 1985) justifies the role of academic anthropology as a holistic theory of knowledge and substantial property rights, integrating a achievements of philosophy – ontology, epistemology, axiology, thus forming a pluralistic integrity of philosophy of man. For these reasons, philosophical anthropology should study not only the person who is also someone who should be – the ideal man. The problems raised O. Kulchytsky were common to all European philosophy of the twentieth century. Emphasis they acquired in ekzystentsionalizm and personalize. In addition, the emphasis on the needs of Ukrainian identity and self-expression Ukrainian soul fragment was only outlined the problems of European intellectual discourse entity identity crisis and rejection unifying sameness people in theory and practice of the twentieth century. The period of the sixties of the twentieth century titled "anthropological turn" in domestic culturphilosophy. Then began the study of several aspects of culture – as form making of the human mind and how categorical structures "worldview universals" spirituality. Accordingly, the focus of scientists main values and anthropological schools – Employees of philosophical anthropology Philosophy Institute of the NAS of Ukraine (E. Andros, V. Ivanov, V. Tabachkovsky, M. Tarasenko, A. Yatsenko et al. ) Appears humanistic content issues uniqueness and self-identity and original philosophical ideas developed in the direction of the main scientific paradigms that certify the integration of contemporary philosophical and cultural views in the European context. In this context radically changed the subject of philosophical analysis of domestic philosophers. He is a true understanding of human nature through the disclosure of its ideological parameters and determines the specific existential foundations of life. The logical result of this transformation is that the Ukrainian culturphilosophy entered anthropological dimension, and its semantic center faces the problem of man. This greatly expanded the horizon of philosophy and humanities targeted at enhancing its content, including by reference to the number of parameters of unconscious human activity. Shifts the almost – spiritual components of the human relationship to the world when the latter arises in the human mind as a field of personal aspirations and expectations is an important step in overcoming ratsiotsentryzm, which prevailed in the classical philosophical tradition.

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