Происхождение костенковско-стрелецкой культуры и проблема поиска культурно-генетических связей между средним и верхним палеолитом
The Origin of the Kostenki-Streletskaya Culture, and The Problem of Search for Cultural and Genetic Links Between the Middle and the Upper Palaeolithic

Summary/Abstract: The article brings methodological foundations to search of genetic ties between the cultural phenomena related to different archaeological periods, i.e. while specific forms (“types”) are similar, they differ by production technology proper to different epochs. The author establishes genetic ties between the Kostenki-Streletskaya archaeological culture (the Upper Palaeolithic) and the Crimean Micoquian (the Middle Palaeolithic) by similarity of the following types: 1) bi-faced triangular points with concave foundation (two variants); 2) points with rounded foundation, type “poplar’s leave” and of extended proportions; 3) prolonged points with narrowed foundation; 4) “Chokurchi triangles” (two variants); 5) short quasi-triangular scrapers.A detailed analysis is offered of the critical comments by a number of researches to this hypothesis, as well as alternative versions of the origin of the Kostenki-Streletskaya culture: the Middle Palaeolithic of the Urals like Mysovaya Station (V.I. Gladilin, Yu.E. Demidenko); the Middle Palaeolithic layers of the Biryuchya Blaka on the Norhtern Donets (A.E. Matyukhin); Betovo on the Desna river (L.M. Tarasov). The conclusion is: at present, the hypothesis about connections between the Streletskaya archaeological culture and the Crimean Micoquian is most grounded one.

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