Fészekrakó archeológia Kolozsváron
The Professorship of Archaeology of the University of Kolozsvár

Summary/Abstract: Founded in 1899, the professorship of archaeology of the University of Kolozsvár had a nationwide importance in training Hungarian archaeologists. Béla Pósta and his disciples (Á. Buday, I. Kovács, M. Roska) have the pioneers of almost every archaeological era. They identified the first Transylvanian Paleolitic site (Csoklovina), proved the Mesopotamian links of the Tordos Neolithic settlements, identified some cultures of the Bronze Age in the Tisza region (Perjámos-Pécska, Felsőszőcs), started the first systematic excavations in Scythian and Celtic cemeteries (Marosvásárhely, respectively Apahida). They discovered Goth (Marosszentanna), Gepid (Mezőbánd), Avar (Marosgombás) necropolises and found the proof of the cohabitation of these migratory populations. The material found in the cemeteries of Kolozsvár and Marosgombás demonstrated that the Hungarian settlers took over Transylvania at the same time with the rest of the Carpathian basin, and the necropolises of Vajdahunyad and Várfalva brought proves for the state organization of St. Stephen. The relics found in graves during the restoration of the churches in Gyulafehérvár and Kolozsvár enriched our national patrimony.

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