Остаряване на населението и дълголетие в България (1947-2015)
Population Ageing and Longevity in Bulgaria (1947-2015)

Summary/Abstract: Male and female age-specific mortality rates and their impact on life expectancy and longevity in Bulgaria over the period 1947-2015 are investigated by using the general framework of life tables. A comprehensive picture of the demographic ageing is presented considering the processes in their interconnections. We have used the normal length-of-life model, the modal age of death, and some indicators of death concentration around the modal age, in order to insight the trends in mortality change and survival at senior ages. Our calculations were based on demographic data from the Human Mortality Database and the Eurostat database. Since the end of the last century, the female and male life expectancy has increased again, after a long period of stagnation and decline. This increase has reached all ages, while maintaining gender differences in low and middle ages. It is more strongly related to decreasing mortality at senior ages (under 80) than to middle and young ages. However, the rate of increase in life expectancy is not fast enough to offset the previous long-term negative trends. The displacement of the modal age at death to older ages is more prominent for women. It is related to increasing deaths’ frequency and concentration around the modal age, while premature mortality is relatively stable. There is a growing gender gap due to the constantly increse in male premature death.

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