Podmiot wobec struktur społecznych. Jeana-Paula Sartre’a i Pierre’a Bourdieu konceptualizacja podmiotowości społecznej
Social Agent in the Face of Social Structures. Jean-Paul Sartre’s and Pierre Bourdieu’s Concepts of Social Agency

Summary/Abstract: In this paper, based on two theoretical conceptions, the author presents the most important dichotomy in sociology, agency/structure, which reflects core issue of the opposition between subjectivity and objectivity. The dichotomy is a theoretical approach to demonstrate the relationship between social agents and social structures in which the former operate. In the main part of the text, the author compares Jean-Paul Sartre’s concept of freedom, as a phenomenological analysis of consciousness, which is the starting point for making statement about social agency on the basis of his social ontology, with Pierre Bourdieu’s concept of habitus, which is an attempt to overcome the dichotomy in the field of French sociological theory. Comparing these approaches, the author tries to present their methodological advantage for the study of agency/structure problem, which is the basic criterion applied in their assessment.

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