FÜTÜRİZM SANAT AKIMININ OLUŞUMUNDA FOTOĞRAFIN ÖNEMİ
THE IMPORTANCE OF PHOTOGRAPHY IN FORMATION OF THE FUTURISM ART MOVEMENT

Summary/Abstract: This article, which is an art history research and aims to contribute to arts education, has revealed the importance of the photography in formation of the Futurism art movement. Futurism is an avant-garde art movement which emerged with a manifesto published by Marinetti in Italy in 1909. It’s effect lasted until the death of Marinetti in 1944. Futurism which showed the effect in many different disciplines such as painting, sculpture, music, poetry, literature, theater, architecture, photography and cinema, had been the source of the Vorticism, Constructivism, Suprematism and Dada movement. Futurist artists who was aiming to change the world, challenged the traditional artistic approach by glorifying courage, aggression and rebellion. They emphasized the action, energy, change, speed and dynamism which included to modern life with machines of technology in their art works. In this context, the photographic image produced by a machine played an influential role by untraditional visualization style of the facts of action, speed and energy in the formation of Futurism. Especially Futurist painters benefited from the features of camera which was able to show moving the flow of time by slow shutter speed and stop a short moment of time by fast shutter speed as well as Impressionism, Pointillism and Cubism paint techniques. Muybridge’s motion analyses recorded on different photographic emulsion, Marey’s different moments of the action brought together in the same image, Bragaglia brothers’ long exposures which transform a ghostly image to the moving subject had been an important source of inspiration for Futurist artists.

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