ЛІТЕРАТУРНО-ГРОМАДСЬКА ДІЯЛЬНІСТЬ ІВАНА ФРАНКА НА ТЛІ ДОБИ В ОЦІНЦІ СТЕПАНА СМАЛЬ-СТОЦЬКОГО
LITERARY AND SOCIAL ACTIVITIES OF IVAN FRANKO ON THE BACKGROUND OF THE TIME OF THE EVALUATION OF STEPAN SMAL-STOTSKY

Summary/Abstract: Purpose of the study. To characterize literary works of S. Smal-Stotsky in Franko studies on the background of time. Methods of research. The article used historicalbiographical and comparative methods. Scientific novelty is that the analysis of the works of S. Smal-Stotsky in Franko studies on the background of time is made for the first time. The figure of Professor Stepan Smal-Stotsky - a linguist, a literary critic, a culturologist is notably exudes among the well-known figures of the national and cultural life of the Bukovyna region at the end of the 19th and beginning of the 20th century. The life and activities of this remarkable person were extremely rich and colorful. The scientist was elected deputy of the Bukovynian Sejm and the Austrian Parliament, as well as the deputy of the regional marshal of Bukovyna. As a representative of Bukovina, S. Smal-Stotsky was at the root of the creation of the Ukrainian Academy of Sciences in Kyiv, which was a huge achievement of the Ukrainian People’s Republic. Among the first 12 actual members-academicians to the Ukrainian Academy of Sciences in addition to him, entered D. Bahaliy, V. Vernadsky, M. Kaschenko, V. Kosinsky, A. Krymsky, O. Levytsky, M. Petrov, F. Taranovsky, S. Tymoshenko, M. Tugan -Baranovsky, P. Tutkovsky. At the first session of the Ukrainian Academy of Sciences, which took place on November 14, 1918, the professor was elected as a correspondent secretary of the historical-philological department and entrusted with the Department of Ukrainian Language (grammar). S. Smal-Stotsky gained great respect and authority among famous political figures. Symon Petliura honored the academician "probably above all other contemporaries," and even considered him "alone candidate for the first president of the Ukrainian Republic". Conclusions. The range of scientific interests of Professor S. Smal-Stotsky was diverse. First and foremost, he is known as a linguist, the author of the first Rus’ grammar, which, together with Professor T. Gartner, was published in 1893. Of course, this was not just linguistic work in the classical sense. The introduction in 1895 of schools of Bukovyna, different from the Russian Ukrainian phonetic spelling, forever rejected the attempt of the Muscovites under the flag of the "All-Russian" party to Russify the Bukovyna region. It was not only a scientific victory but also an ideological one. Taking into account the characteristic features of the era, using it as a background on which the adoption of Ukrainian contemporary political thought took place, Professor S. Smal-Stotsky outlined the most important aspects of I. Franko's literary and civic activities and its significance for the further development of Ukrainian culture. The scientist singled out the writer's merits in the field of literary language. Therefore, it is obvious that I. Franko for S. Smal-Stotsky is a writer of world weight, who chose enlightened way. That was the path of the great "Spirit that tears the body to battle".

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