Die Modernisierung des Volksunterrichts in Ungarn. Umsetzung des Gesetzes über den Volksunterricht im Komitat Baranya nach 1868
Modernization of Education in Hungary. The Implementation of the Educational Act of 1868 in Baranya County

Summary/Abstract: During the second half of the 19th century the modernization of education played a highlighted role in both Hungarian and Austrian efforts, however many debates aroused about its character, so – although significant accomplishments were achieved – it mostly divided the public opinion, generating wide ecclesiastical and social movements. Comparing the legal development of Austria and Hungary after 1868 the most substantial differences were the following: in Austria there were common schools under the state’s control, but they preserved the religious character of education; in Hungary church schools existed primarily, and state schools had a supplementing role. The problem was that these church schools functioned at a low level, so it was necessary to create state schools. These efforts were first documented after 1898 in Baranya county based on the regional records of the National Archives of Hungary. The aim of these efforts was the so-called ‘Hungarianization’ (magyarizáció). Most of the results were achieved in those settlements, where nationalities lived and the churches were willing to cooperate and they did not had any (appropriate) schools.

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