TRADICIONALNI POKAZATELJI ANALIZE FINANCIJSKIH IZVJEŠTAJA U FUNKCIJI UTVRĐIVANJA RAČUNOVODSTVENIH MANIPULACIJA U FINANCIJSKIM IZVJEŠTAJIMA PODUZEĆA
ACCRUAL BASED RATIOS IN THE FUNCTION OF DETERMINATION OF ACCOUNTING MANIPULATIONS IN THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS OF COMPANIES

Summary/Abstract: The financial statements of general purpose are important source of information for the business decision-making. The subject of this paper is the research of the impact of accrual-based ratios on the determination of accounting manipulations in the financial statements of companies. The main objective is to identify the accrual-based ratios that contribute to the determination of accounting manipulations in the financial statements and an analysis of the value characteristics of identified accrual-based ratios, due to the level of accounting manipulations in the financial statements of companies in the Federation of BiH. The research was conducted on a sample of companies from the capital market in the Federation of B&H in the period from 2010 to 2014. The collected data were analysed using the descriptive and inferential statistics methods, and obtained results are presented by graphics and tables. The application of parametric and nonparametric statistical tests at a significance level of 5% resulted in determination of the accrual- based ratios that are significantly different between companies with detected accounting manipulations and companies without detected accounting manipulations in the financial statements. Those ratios are Quick ratio (QLiq), Total debt - the number of years (FqSol), Turnover coefficient of total assets (QtTA), Turnover coefficient of current assets (QtCA), Duration of receivables payment (DRec), Earnings per share (EPS) and Earnings and price ratio (E/P). Research results also indicates that companies with detected accounting manipulations in the financial statements have, on average, “weaker” values of accrual-based ratios in relation to companies without detected accounting manipulations in the financial statements. Thus, it is evident that accrual-based ratios have a positive impact on determination of accounting manipulations in the financial statements of the companies.

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