АКТИВНОСТИ У САВРЕМЕНОМ РУСКОМ И СРПСКОМ ЈЕЗИКУ
STYLISTICALLY MARKED VERBS FROM THE DOMAIN OF HUMAN SPEAKING ACTIVITY IN CONTEMPORARY RUSSIAN AND SERBIAN

Summary/Abstract: In the paper we present negatively marked verbs denoting speech based on material from Russian and Serbian languages. The verbs were excerpted from various descriptive and specialized dictionaries and illustrative examples of their use in context were taken mostly from Russian and Serbian electronic corpora. A general characteristic of the verbs discussed is the denotation of the speaking activity of human beings. However, speaking activity does not need to be their primary meaning because verbs have the ability to transpose their semantics into the analyzed domain. It is the reason why we divided the excerpted material into four groups, according to its dominant distinctive semantic features: (1) verbs that have (primarily) negative meaning of speaking activity, (2) verbs that primarily denote animal and/or onomatopoetic sounds, (3) verbs that denote physical change of the objects and (4) the others (with unclear etymology). The conducted analysis has shown that the list of the verbs observed grows constantly and that it is impossible to give strict numbers of its components. Their main pragmatic characteristics, however, are the usage in the second or the third person of the singular or plural, because the speaker in most cases has the tendency to assess negatively the speech of other people but not his/her own.

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