ІСТОРИЧНІ АСПЕКТИ РОЗВИТКУ ЕРГОТЕРАПІЇ У ФРАНЦІЇ
HISTORICAL ASPECTS OF OCCUPATIONAL THERAPY DEVELOPMENT IN FRANCE

Summary/Abstract: Ergotherapy / occupational therapy is one of the most important components of medical and social rehabilitation, which uses the amount of means, forms and methods of pedagogy, psychology, physiotherapy, exercises, physical education and sports, massage, natural factors. The definition of ”ergothérapie” was recorded in French in 1913. The term is derived from the Greek words ”έργο” – ”work” and ”θεραπεία” – ”therapy”. It is interpreted as a rehabilitation treatment aimed at preserving the autonomy of people with disabilities (temporary or definitive) by adaptive activities. The National French Association of Occupational Therapists was created in 1961. According to the statistic data , there are 9,691 occupational therapists in France in 2015, 87 % of them are women. More than 50 % of occupational therapists are young specialists under the age of 35; 75 % of them work in hospitals. An occupational therapist is a healthcare professional whose practice is based on the connection between human activity and health. A considerable number of papers on ergotherapy / occupational therapy have been published in French in recent years. Aim of research. The article briefly describes stages in the history of ergotherapy / occupational therapy in France, approaches to the interpretation of term ”ergotherapy” by French specialists. The main research methods are historical, comparative and descriptive. The papers of outstanding French scientists (Pierquin L., Bourrellis C., Charret L., Colvez A., Delaisse A.-C., André J.-M., Gable G.) have been analysed in the study. Scientific novelty. For the first time, it has been considered the historical aspects of the ergotherapy / occupational therapy development based on studying and analysing a number of leading French experts papers, which have not been involved by Ukrainian scientists until now. Conclusions. The study of the history of the ergotherapy / occupational therapy development in France presents the experience of foreign healthcare professionals, the system of education, the main theoretical and practical issues in this branch.

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