Разграничение на функциите между федерацията и субектите на федерацията
A Differentiation between the Competences of the Federation and of Its Subjects

Summary/Abstract: The article analyses the way of creation of federations as one of the important factors influencing the configuration and differentiation of competences between federations and their subjects. The theoretical and comparative research is also focused on the basic characteristics of federation as a form of state structure – federal subjects, territory, sovereignty, differentiation between federal constitutions and laws and constitutions and law of federal subjects, citizenship, bicameral structure of the federal legislative power, complex forms of the principle of separation of powers in federation and its vertical aspects. The article concentrates its attention on the different comparative models of competence and analyzes exclusive competence of federation; exclusive competence of federal subjects; mixed, shared and concurrent competences of federation and its subjects; residual (remaining) competence.

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