Sienai ötvösből szepesi alispán. Olaszok és itáliaiak a Druget-nádorok szolgálatában
A Sienese Goldsmith as Alispán of Szepes: Italians in the Service of the Druget Palatines

Summary/Abstract: The paper examines those retainers of the three consecutive Druget palatines who certainly, or presumably, were foreigners in Hungary. An inquiry into the castellans retained by Philip Druget, who had arrived to Hungary with prince Charles of Anjou in 1301, has clearly demonstrated that his retinue was built up parallel to the establishment of his power base in northeastern Hungary. John Druget and his son William, on the other hand, already followed in the footsteps of Philip when they moved to Hungary, so it would be less than a miracle if at least some of their close associates followed them. It is at least clear that those among the Druget retainers who did in fact come from Italy – the Sienese brothers, Peter the goldsmith and Nicholas certainly, Gery and Perotto very probably, and Valter possibly – must have arrived in the second half of the 1320s. The career of Peter and Nicholas, sons of Simon of Siena, was truly unique, for in Hungary they rose to become alispáns of Szepes, and later called themselves of the estate of Jamnik, which they had received as a royal grant.

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