Персонажи лишних людей в истории русской литературы (в свете социально-исторических обстоятельств России XVIII–XXI вв.)
Characters of Superfluous People in the History of Russian Literature (in the Light of Socio-historical Circumstances of Russia of the XVIII-XXI Centuries)

Summary/Abstract: In the light of the external approach to the study of literature, the relationship of social events to the emergence of literary works and literary heroes is especially present in the history of Russian literature, which is a strong reflection of social circumstances and changes from the eighteenth to the twenty-first century. In this way, literary directions represented a direct reflex, a response to social movements, and in the same way the characters of a superfluous man, a small man, a noble penitent and a new man, through whom Russian writers dominantly marked their efforts to recognize messages and tendencies of a certain historical moment. In the history of Russian literature, the characters of superfluous people have been present in the diachronic plane since the appearance of Karamzin's Erastus, through the characters of Zhukovsky, Griboyedov, Pushkin, Lermontov, Herzen, Njekrasov, Goncharov, Turgenev, to Prokhanov… At the same time, superfluous people in Russian literature profiles of common, but also new personality traits, through which they mark their epoch and the search for the meaning of life.

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