Who is a normative foreign policy actor? The European Union and its Global Partners
Who is a normative foreign policy actor? The European Union and its Global Partners
Author(s): Michael Emerson, Natalie Tocci, Daniel S. Hamilton, Radha Kumar, Andrey S. Makarychev, Brantly Womack, Hakim Darbouche , Sandra Fernandes, Ruth Hanau-Santini, Ian Manners, Gergana Noutcheva, Clara Portela
Contributor(s): Natalie Tocci (Editor)
Subject(s): Politics / Political Sciences, Politics, Political Theory, Political Sciences, Economic policy, International relations/trade, Political behavior, Comparative politics, EU-Accession / EU-DEvelopment, Politics and Identity
Published by: CEPS Centre for European Policy Studies
Keywords: European Union and its global partners; Normative foreign policy; EU trade policy; Sanctions; Normative power;
Summary/Abstract: This publication investigates “Who is a normative foreign policy actor?” It forms part of a new project intended to explore fundamental aspects of foreign policy at the global level, against the backdrop of a proliferation of global actors in the 21st century, following half a century with only one undisputed global hegemon: the United States. The European Union is itself a new or emerging foreign policy actor, driven by self-declared normative principles. But Russia, China and India are also increasingly assertive actors on the global stage and similarly claim to be driven by a normative agenda. The fundamental question explored is how will these various global actors define their foreign policy priorities, and how they will interact, especially if their ideas of normative behaviour differ?
Series: CEPS Paperback Series
- Print-ISBN-13: 978-92-9079-779-1
- Page Count: 336
- Publication Year: 2008
- Language: English
Profiling Normative Foreign Policy: The European Union and its Global Partners
Profiling Normative Foreign Policy: The European Union and its Global Partners
(Profiling Normative Foreign Policy: The European Union and its Global Partners)
- Author(s):Natalie Tocci
- Language:English
- Subject(s):International Law, International relations/trade, Politics and law, EU-Accession / EU-DEvelopment
- Page Range:1-23
- No. of Pages:23
- Keywords:Normative foreign policy; European Union; Global partners; Internationl actor;
- Summary/Abstract:This chapter is the first in a series intended to explore fundamental aspects of foreign policy at the global level, against the backdrop of a proliferation of global actors in the 21st century, following half a century with only one undisputed global hegemon: the US. The European Union is itself a new or emerging foreign policy actor, driven by self-declared normative principles. But Russia, China and India are also increasingly assertive actors on the global stageand similarly claim to be driven by a normative agenda. The question is how will these various global actors define their foreign policy priorities, and how they will interact, especially if their ideas of normative behaviour differ? This introductory chapter sets out a conceptual framework for exploring these issues and defines ‘normative’ as being strongly based on international law and institutions, and thusthe most ‘universalisable’ basis upon which to assess foreign policy.
The European Union as a normative Foreign Policy Actor
The European Union as a normative Foreign Policy Actor
(The European Union as a normative Foreign Policy Actor)
- Author(s):Natalie Tocci, Hakim Darbouche , Michael Emerson, Sandra Fernandes, Ruth Hanau-Santini, Gergana Noutcheva, Clara Portela
- Language:English
- Subject(s):International Law, Political history, Government/Political systems, International relations/trade, Political behavior, Politics and law
- Page Range:24-75
- No. of Pages:52
- Keywords:European Union; Normative foreign policy; Global Partners; Political behaviour;
- Summary/Abstract:The opening chapter set out the conceptual framework for exploring the question of Who is a normative foreign policy actor? The European Union and its Global Partners. This chapter constitutes one of several case studies applying this framework to the behaviour of the European Union, whereas the others to follow concern China, India, Russia and the United States. A normative foreign policy is rigorously defined as one that is normative according to the goals set, the means employed and the results obtained. Each of these studies exploreseight actual case examples of foreign policy behaviour, selected in order to illustrate four alternative paradigms of foreign policy behaviour – the normative, the realpolitik, the imperialistic and the status quo. For each of these four paradigms,there are two examples of EU foreign policy, one demonstrating intended consequences and the other, unintended effects.
The United States: A normative power?
The United States: A normative power?
(The United States: A normative power?)
- Author(s):Daniel S. Hamilton
- Language:English
- Subject(s):International Law, Governance, International relations/trade, Politics and law, Geopolitics
- Page Range:76-155
- No. of Pages:80
- Keywords:United States of America; Normative power; US Foreign policy; International norms;
- Summary/Abstract:To what degree can the US be considered a normative power? The US foreign policy mainstream tends to reflect a varying blend of normative and hegemonic approaches. The US has been and continues to be simultaneouslya guardian of international norms; a norm entrepreneur challenging prevailing norms as insufficient; a norm externaliser when it tries to advance norms for others that it is reluctant to apply to itself; and a norm blocker when it comes to issues that may threaten its position, or that exacerbate divisions among conflicting currents of American domestic thought. On balance (and despite exceptions), theUS has sought to manage this normative-hegemonic interplay by accepting some limits on its power in exchange for greater legitimacy and acceptance of its leadership by others. The unresolved question today is whether the US and other key players are prepared to stick with this bargain.
Rebranding Russia: Norms, Politics and Power
Rebranding Russia: Norms, Politics and Power
(Rebranding Russia: Norms, Politics and Power)
- Author(s):Andrey S. Makarychev
- Language:English
- Subject(s):Environmental and Energy policy, Government/Political systems, International relations/trade, Security and defense, Politics and law, EU-Accession / EU-DEvelopment
- Page Range:156-210
- No. of Pages:55
- Keywords:Russia; Norms and politics; Power; foreign policy; Russia-EU;
- Summary/Abstract:This chapter argues that Russia is in the process of re-branding itself internationally, with a variety of normative arguments increasingly creeping intoits wider international discourse. By appealing to norms, Russia tries to reformulate the key messages it sends to the world and implant the concept of its power worldwide. Yet given that Russia’s normative messages are often met with scarce enthusiasm in Europe, it is of utmost importance to uncover how the normative segment in Russian foreign policy is perceived, evaluated and debated both inside Russia and elsewhere. Within this framework, this paper focuses on aset of case studies highlighting the normative and non-normative dimensions of Russian foreign policy. These include Russia-EU trans-border cooperation, Moscow’s policies towards Estonia, Poland, Ukraine/Georgia and the UK, Russian strategies in the ‘war on terror’ and energy issues.
India as a Foreign Policy Actor – Normative Redux
India as a Foreign Policy Actor – Normative Redux
(India as a Foreign Policy Actor – Normative Redux)
- Author(s):Radha Kumar
- Language:English
- Subject(s):Economic policy, Government/Political systems, International relations/trade, Political behavior, Politics and law
- Page Range:211-264
- No. of Pages:54
- Keywords:India; foreign policy actor; Normative redux; political behaviour; EU; USA;
- Summary/Abstract:This chapter analyses India’s behaviour as a foreign policy actor by looking atIndia’s changing relations over the past decade with the EU, US, China, Japan,Myanmar, Pakistan, Nepal and, in a historical departure, the former princely state of Sikkim. It argues that though India has almost always been a normative actor, Indian foreign policy is today transiting from abstract, and frequently ‘unrealpolitik,’ views of what constitutes normative behaviour. India’s ‘Look East’policy has been the cornerstone of this transition, indicating that economic growth, maritime capability and peace and stability in its neighbourhood are key goals of India’s present behaviour as a normative foreign policy actor.
China as a normative foreign policy actor
China as a normative foreign policy actor
(China as a normative foreign policy actor)
- Author(s):Brantly Womack
- Language:English
- Subject(s):Government/Political systems, International relations/trade, Political behavior
- Page Range:265-299
- No. of Pages:35
- Keywords:China; Normative foreign policy actor; International relation;
- Summary/Abstract:Although China’s foreign policy behaviour is often judged in terms of its compliance with Western norms, the evolution of China’s own norms meritsserious attention. From early times to the present day, China’s international action has been structured in terms of norms. When China’s recent behaviour is described in terms of the normative structure proposed by Tocci in the introductory chapter, its unique perspective is highlighted, although tentative questions concerning the structure are also raised. Moreover, the case of China challenges the general interpretation of norms because it emphasises relationships as essentially interactive. From the Chinese perspective, international relations are not an area for the application of abstract norms to cases, but rather a set of particular international relationships, with concrete obligations defined within the context of each relationship.
Comparing Normativity in Foreign Policy: China, India, the EU, the US and Russia
Comparing Normativity in Foreign Policy: China, India, the EU, the US and Russia
(Comparing Normativity in Foreign Policy: China, India, the EU, the US and Russia)
- Author(s):Natalie Tocci, Ian Manners
- Language:English
- Subject(s):International Law, Government/Political systems, International relations/trade, Comparative politics
- Page Range:300-329
- No. of Pages:30
- Keywords:Comparative politics; Foreign policy; UN; China; India; EU; USA; Russia;
- Summary/Abstract:The conceptual framework presented in chapter 1 of this book to assess normativity in foreign policy presumes that any international player can act in a variety of ways in different foreign policy instances. In this final chapter we shall conclude by attempting the difficult task of comparing such normativity in the foreign policies of the five major global actors, selected in view of their population sizes and permanent seats on the UN Security Council – China, India, EU, US and Russia.
