Wooden buildings in Bulgaria
Wooden buildings in Bulgaria

Author(s): Peter Petrov
Subject(s): Economy, Business Economy / Management, Energy and Environmental Studies
Published by: Международно висше бизнес училище
Keywords: wooden buildings; wooden residential buildings; wooden industrial buildings; wooden public buildings
Summary/Abstract: Historically, the use of wooden structures in residential, public or industrial buildings in Bulgaria is most often associated with low stores - up to two or three floors, as well as the construction of the entire supporting structure of the building or partial application in certain narrowly specialized parts such as floors, walls, roofs. Many historic residential buildings, built from the end of the 18th to the end of the 19th century, have been preserved with all-wooden or mixed - wood-massive constructions, stone in the ground floors (partially in the upper ones as well) in combination with wooden elements in the upper one’s floors when the height of the buildings is two or three floors, even four, with a large unevenness of the terrain in mountainous areas. In public buildings, wooden structures are mainly used for the intermediate supporting elements – the floors and ceilings of the buildings to lighten the structure and overcome larger support distances and achieve the monumentality of the different types of spaces. In rarer cases, there are examples of three-story, all-wood constructions or those combined with stone and wooden supporting elements. In industrial buildings, the use of different types of wooden structures is also widespread in cases of low total load on the structure, for example, in tobacco warehouses in Plovdiv, but most often for roofs and intermediate floor elements. Historically, the use of wooden bearing structures in our country has been limited, due to the large annual temperature amplitude and the not very high density of local wood species, which would hardly provide the required longevity and general durability of the buildings. Today, many of these challenges are more easily solved with the use of high technologies in the preparation of wooden structures, for example in glued timber or with additional treatment for preservation against pests and moisture.

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