Устойчиво развитие - Кръгова икономика, Критични инфраструктури, Зелен преход

Circular economy impact over the blue growth and the blue careers

Circular economy impact over the blue growth and the blue careers
(Circular economy impact over the blue growth and the blue careers)

Author(s):Milen Baltov
Language:English
Subject(s):Economy, Business Economy / Management
Page Range:14-21
No. of Pages:8
Keywords:circular economy; blue careers; restorative economy; blue growth; maritime sectors
Summary/Abstract:The circular economy business models demonstrate how a firm creates and captures value. They are used to help entrepreneurs and decision makers define and communicate their business ideas, or for established firms to experiment with potential changes to business practices. In with the circular economy issues is the concept of the sustainability in blue economy, and its outreach into its sectors for the blue growth – bridging to innovation and sustainability in the maritime sectors. The focus of the current paper is to bridge the trends and drives in the circular aspects of the blue growth to the human resources needs and their up scaling. It became popular to name the vocations and skills in the blue economy as “blue careers”. Which are the specific blue careers skill and how to meet the entrepreneurs and managers in the blue growth sectors is one of the matters in the NRF supported research project of the Burgas Free University “Expectations of the Bulgarian Entrepreneurs and Managers towards the Continuing Vocational Education of the Human Resources in the Organisation”, and the paper is supported in its frames.

Продължаващо образование и обучение за устойчив европейски пазар на труда

Продължаващо образование и обучение за устойчив европейски пазар на труда
(Continuing education and training for sustainable European labor market)

Author(s):Mariya Neycheva
Language:Bulgarian
Subject(s):Social Sciences, Economy, Education, Business Economy / Management, Vocational Education, Higher Education , Financial Markets
Page Range:22-27
No. of Pages:6
Keywords:continuing education and training; qualification mismatch; overeducation; non-parametric testing
Summary/Abstract:Recent data shows that in Europe the overqualification rate is 22% in 2022, on average. In some countries, such as Spain and Greece, it hits more than 30%. The high extent of education-job mismatch creates long-run problems for labor market’s sustainability and economic growth, taking into account its negative impact on individuals, wages and efficiency of public finances. Lifelong learning is one of the potential tools to tackle this problem since it equips the workforce with up-to-date knowledge and skills. With regard to that, the purpose of the present study is to find a relationship between the participation in continuing training and the rate of overeducation in the European countries. The estimation methods comprise correlation analysis and non-parametric testing. Both methods lead to similar outcomes. It appears that the more active involvement in different forms of formal and non-formal training is associated with a lower degree of overqualification of the labor force having completed upper secondary education. The study is financed by 27 the project titled Attitude of Bulgarian Entrepreneurs and Managers towards Continuing Vocational Education and Training of Organization’s Human Resources (ABECVET), contract KП-06-H65/12, Bulgarian National Science Fund (BNSF).

Кръговата икономика като фактор за постигане на устойчиво развитие в България

Кръговата икономика като фактор за постигане на устойчиво развитие в България
(The circular economy as a factor for achieving sustainable development in Bulgaria)

Author(s):Vanya Ivanova
Language:Bulgarian
Subject(s):Economy, National Economy, Business Economy / Management, Energy and Environmental Studies
Page Range:28-39
No. of Pages:12
Keywords:circular economy; sustainable development; European Union

Научноизследователски подход при проучване на туристически дестинации – методи и етапи

Научноизследователски подход при проучване на туристически дестинации – методи и етапи
(Scientific research approach in the study of tourist destinations – methods and stages)

Author(s):Desislava Alexova
Language:Bulgarian
Subject(s):Economy, National Economy, Tourism
Page Range:40-55
No. of Pages:16
Keywords:tourist destination; sustainable development; destination management; tourism planning and development
Summary/Abstract:The research is based on studies of the tourist potential in several municipalities in Bulgaria, which are still unpopular developing destinations. The aim is to present the individual stages in the scientific research process in the planning and development of a tourist destination and their practical aspect. The study of the opportunities for sustainable development of each of them requires the use of a wide palette of general scientific and private methods: questionnaire surveys, workshops with representatives of the local community and a wide range of interested parties, polling and working with focus groups; use of empirical research methods: method of field observations; camera methods: collecting primary information, processing and analysis of documents. For this purpose, a unified methodology for sustainable tourism development at the local level has been developed, including a methodological research framework, analysis and assessment of tourist resources and attractions, human resources and administrative capacity, infrastructure and material base available to the destination. The individual components are presented as subsystems of the territorial system for recreation and tourism and the study of the interrelationships between them, definition of strategic goals and priorities and proposals for sustainable tourism development. The research thesis declares that the achievement of sustainable development of a tourist destination at the local level is possible only by using a clear methodology and following successive scientific research stages in studying and planning, and to prove this specific examples and good practices approved in several municipalities are shown.

The COVID-19 crisis and tourism in Bulgaria

The COVID-19 crisis and tourism in Bulgaria
(The COVID-19 crisis and tourism in Bulgaria)

Author(s):Nikolina Popova
Language:English
Subject(s):Economy, National Economy, Tourism
Page Range:56-63
No. of Pages:8
Keywords:Covid 19 pandemic; tourism policies; tourism trends
Summary/Abstract:The tourism industry in Bulgaria is in crisis, caused by a global factor external to the industry - the COVID-19 pandemic. The pandemic has affected the overall socio-economic development, incl. tourism, globally, regionally and nationally. This circumstance demonstrates the important role of four key factors: the geopolitics of EU structures, the policies formulated by the World Health Organization (WHO) and the World Tourism Organization (UNWTO); and the national tourism policy, which is harmonized with them. The object of this study is the national tourist space of Bulgaria, and the subject of the study is an analysis of the relationships between the main groups of factors: geopolitical, economic and state-legal, and the tourism industry in the country, strongly influenced by the crisis COVID-19, as well as major trends in the development of tourism in the years of the pandemic. Research background: The drastic decline in active mass international arrivals to Bulgaria in 2020 – 2022 period was larger than the number of Bulgarians traveling abroad. This was caused by the outflow of large international tour operators supplying tourists to seaside, and winter resorts in Bulgaria. Among the reasons for this are, besides the mass character of tourism, the policies of international, but not least and at the national level. Purpose: Study of the main groups of factors: geopolitical, economic and state-legal, affecting tourism in the period 2020 – 2022 influenced by the crisis COVID-19, as well as major trends in the development of tourism in the years of the pandemic. Methods: Content analysis, statistical analysis Findings and novelty The development of tourism in Bulgaria, in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, is undergoing a process of transformation under the influence of international, and national policies. A proactive national policy is needed, taking into account the changes that have taken place in the development of tourism, both in terms of supply and demand.

The role of digital media in collecting information on the products of wood industry companies as important tool towards circular economy principles

The role of digital media in collecting information on the products of wood industry companies as important tool towards circular economy principles
(The role of digital media in collecting information on the products of wood industry companies as important tool towards circular economy principles)

Author(s):Andreja Pirc Barčić, Petar Borna Kralj, Petar Ćurić
Language:English
Subject(s):Economy, Business Economy / Management, Energy and Environmental Studies, ICT Information and Communications Technologies
Page Range:64-74
No. of Pages:11
Keywords:wood industry; digital media; information; circular economy
Summary/Abstract:The success of the company, among other things, depends on proper access to the market, the ability to collect information about customers, competitors and markets. In order to increase sales and reputation, companies need to know how to attract customers, and digital media today play a significant role in this. Furthermore, digital media have a significant, broad and complex impact on society and culture, therefore the application of digital media is important in improving the company's operations. Today, companies using digital media approach their advertising strategies in a different, simpler and better way. The aim of this paper is to investigate the role of digital media in gathering information about the products of companies in the field of wood processing and furniture production as important tool towards circular economy principles.

Цифровизация на застрахователния пазар в Република България – проблеми и решения

Цифровизация на застрахователния пазар в Република България – проблеми и решения
(Digitization of the insurance market in the Republic of Bulgaria-problems and solutions)

Author(s):Gergana Rashkova
Language:Bulgarian
Subject(s):Economy, Business Economy / Management, Financial Markets, Accounting - Business Administration
Page Range:75-79
No. of Pages:5
Keywords:digitalization; insurance; market
Summary/Abstract:Digital solutions are the basis of the future development of the insurance industry. The implementation of electronic tools for insurance also causes serious controversy, because as insurance is very sensitive and conservative about any change. In practice, there are still significant obstacles to the entire insurance process happening entirely online. The restrictions are of a different nature, as most are concentrated in the regulatory framework, and the rest are purely technological – both on the part of the insurers and on the part of the insured. Despite the difficulties, insurers on the Bulgarian market offer various forms of digital platforms for insurance. There is no insurance company that has not digitized individual processes or its entire activity to varying degrees. The present report examines the digital capabilities of 34 non-life insurance companies and 14 life insurance companies operating on the territory of the Republic of Bulgaria. The purpose of the research is to outline the main problems in the digitalization of insurance services and to propose possible solutions. To achieve this, the customer satisfaction of the users of digital insurance services was studied through short surveys. Expert opinions of company employees who test and approve new digital solutions in insurance companies are presented. The most common problems that arise when using and servicing a digital insurance service are outlined – technological, regulatory and time-related. Statistically, the share of insurance services that the Bulgarian market has digitized is still not taken into account. Very few companies offer a completely online insurance product, and mainly in the field of “Accident” insurance, in the category of those occupying the largest market share – Automobile insurance, it is not yet possible to fully digitize

Entrepreneurial mindset for sustainable business development through digitalization

Entrepreneurial mindset for sustainable business development through digitalization
(Entrepreneurial mindset for sustainable business development through digitalization)

Author(s):Anny Vl. Atanasova
Language:English
Subject(s):Economy, Business Economy / Management, Accounting - Business Administration
Page Range:80-87
No. of Pages:8
Keywords:digitization; entrepreneurial activity; circular economy; sustainability
Summary/Abstract:One of the main problems of modern society is the excessive, inefficient and insufficient use of resources, a significant part of which are non-renewable and/or slowly recovering, which leads to the disturbance and pollution of the ecological environment. The use of the linear consumption model still predominates, where products that have used certain resources to be produced instead of being recycled after use are thrown away. This requires a transition to a new model that optimizes the process of using resources and leads to a sustainable state of nature and society, which is the basis of the circular economy. The understanding of the problem by the entrepreneurs and the implementation of specific measures to solve it is particularly important. A significant factor for the adoption of the new model may be the digitization of entrepreneurial activity using digital tools and solutions to accelerate and scale the circular economy. This Digitalization Process, as a prerequisite for sustainable development and the realization of the principles of the circular economy, can be considered in this case from two sides - from the point of view of business, and from the point of view of the culture and behaviour of society and specifically of consumers. Purpose: This publication aims to examine the entrepreneurial's mindset towards adopting the principles of the circular economy and sustainable development through the digitization of business and the opportunities that digitization provides for solving this problem. Methods: In order to investigate the degree of entrepreneurial attitude regarding business digitization and the possibilities for sustainable development through digitization, a quantitative research approach has been applied. The sources that were used include a questionnaire survey and the analysis and evaluation are based on statistical methods. Findings and novelty. The findings presented in this paper include entrepreneurs' understanding of the benefits of the circular economy and business sustainability when using digital technologies.

Приложение на теорията на планираното поведение в туристическото потребление на местни храни

Приложение на теорията на планираното поведение в туристическото потребление на местни храни
(An application of the theory of planned behavior in tourist consumption of local foods)

Author(s):Neviana Krasteva, Desislava Alexova
Language:Bulgarian
Subject(s):Economy, National Economy, Tourism
Page Range:88-101
No. of Pages:14
Keywords:rural tourism; marketing strategies; sustainable development; theory of planned behavior
Summary/Abstract:Based on the theory of planned behavior and analysis of destinations in Bulgaria like Central and Western Balkan Mountain, Sofia district, Radomir, Smolyan, Ardino etc., this paper has proposed suggestions on designing tourist products in the provinces of Bulgaria in a sustainable manner. The ambition is to encourage rural areas to make full use of local superior resources and promote the prosperity of local rural economy. The research is based on field research of the specific places with the cooperation of local authorities and different organizations. The paper begins with a literature review of the theory of planes behavior concerning the role of tourism in sustainable destination development, considering the specificities of rural tourism, and the contribution of this tourism to sustainable development of rural areas. The literature review is followed by a case study for several regions in Bulgaria. Via qualitative and quantitative approach, the case studies identify the views of diverse stake holders (visitors, public, private agents of supply, residents and consultants). The methodology and observations under the analysis are presented and open for discussion. The paper ends with some prescriptions and offers for marketing strategy creation.

Кръгова икономика за eдинно здраве – общи концептуални корени и ефективно емпирично взаимодействие за зелено бъдеще

Кръгова икономика за eдинно здраве – общи концептуални корени и ефективно емпирично взаимодействие за зелено бъдеще
(Circular economy for one health – common conceptual roots and effective empiric interactions for a green future)

Author(s):Desislava Vankova
Language:Bulgarian
Subject(s):Economy, National Economy, Business Economy / Management
Page Range:102-115
No. of Pages:14
Keywords:one health; circular economy; health promotion; quality of life; public health
Summary/Abstract:The fourth industrial revolution (4IR) era is marked by the advent of artificial intelligence and the breakdown of traditional boundaries between different spheres of life. This creates a demand for the unification of different ideas and fields, such as “One Health” (OH) and “Circular Economy” (CE). Although these may seem divergent, they share common philosophical roots and can work together to create a healthy green future, supporting sustainable development and well-being. The aim of the present report is twofold: 1) to introduce the OH paradigm and the possibilities provided by the interaction with the ideas of moving from a linear to a CE; 2) to present successful policies, pathways, and practices uniting the pursuit of a healthy life and the principles of the CE. The interrelationships between the concepts of OH and CE are analyzed from the positions of a medical doctor, a public health researcher, educator and a participant in several initiatives related to the integration of health impact assessment as a strategic goal of the CE. The distinct concepts: Every academic field has its theories and terms. In public health, OH is a planetary movement that recognizes the fundamental connection between the environment, human and animal health. In this sense, OH finds support in the holistic approaches of the CE, which are a practical opportunity to study the integrated influence of all environmental factors on health. Resilient collaborations: The World Health Organization has been supporting research in the scientific field of "circular economy and health" for decades. There is empirical evidence to support the success of European models that link health and ecology. Conclusions: The potential of intersectoral collaborations to promote health and build a green future is undeniable. This need is recognized in the field of public health and at the national level. In the 4IR era, swift action is necessary to ensure that overall societal development does not lag behind EU member states.

Water in the circular economy: state of play in Bulgaria, Hungary, Romania and Slovenia

Water in the circular economy: state of play in Bulgaria, Hungary, Romania and Slovenia
(Water in the circular economy: state of play in Bulgaria, Hungary, Romania and Slovenia)

Author(s):Spartak Keremidchiev
Language:English
Subject(s):Economy, National Economy, Energy and Environmental Studies
Page Range:117-134
No. of Pages:18
Keywords:water recycling; water reuse; circular economy; East European countries
Summary/Abstract:The EC adopted the new circular economy action plan in March 2020 as one of the main building blocks of the European Green Deal. The expectations are that the EU’s transition to a circular economy will reduce pressure on natural resources and will create sustainable growth and jobs in EU countries. Water is at the core of sustainable development and is critical for socioeconomic development, energy and food production, as well as healthy ecosystems and the benefits they deliver to people. Water recycling and reuse as central to a circular economy approach is in a focus of this paper. Purpose: The paper deals with current situation of implementation of circular economy concept in the water sectors of the four countries. It aims not only to describe the state of play but the most important objective is to reveal what are the major gaps and how they can be filled by future research projects and programmes. Methods: The papers summarised results collected from four questionnaires filled by experts of investigated countries as well information and data from other studies and datasets of OECD, Eurostat and national sources. Findings and novelty: The study reveals only a few cases in the countries studied, relevant to the concept of circular economy and as well as niche markets in the four countries. The implementation of energy efficiency and non-revenue water reduction programs that have recovered the investments in a short period while saving water and energy and increasing the amount of people with access to services; the recovery of resources from wastewater and the creation of new revenue streams by using for own needs or selling energy, water, and fertilizers to cover operating costs; the application of circular economy principles to become carbon neutral, recover resources from water and preserve the environment; the assessment of the full potential of the existing infrastructure, resulting in huge savings in capital investments.

За един ревитализиран и проспективен феномен на икономическия мейнстрийм

За един ревитализиран и проспективен феномен на икономическия мейнстрийм
(On a revitalized and prospective phenomen of economic mainstream)

Author(s):Atanas Damyanov, Margarita Marinova
Language:Bulgarian
Subject(s):Economy, Business Economy / Management, Socio-Economic Research
Page Range:135-146
No. of Pages:12
Keywords:italian experience; product diversification; conducting the circular economy; circular economy 2.0
Summary/Abstract:In the report, we follow a descriptive research strategy, historicalchronological approach, Case Study method, matrix method, etc. This study is divided into three parts. Part one: It uses a historical-chronological approach. It covers the period from BC - 100 years before Christ to the 60s of the XX century. The ancient experience of China, the Medieval of an Italian province is presented. For Bulgaria, the application of mathematical methods, implementation of product diversification for the use of waste is emphasized. In more recent times, the clustering for the full utilization of raw materials, solving problems related to the restoration of the natural environment. Part two: The systemic legislative and organizational aspect of the circular economy from the beginning of the 1970s to today is presented - China, Japan, etc. The high-tech approach of the USA is included. In this part of the research, a case study of Italian women entrepreneurs is developed. They develop fabric production technology, reaching haute couture. Part three: In this part of the research, a matrix of the asymmetric interaction in the circular economy is constructed. It includes two main vectors: circular economy orchestration level and circular economy scope. They are multiplexed with specific dimensions. In conclusion, it has been established that we have not yet witnessed the joining of the beginning and the end of the line, which would give grounds for forming a closed circle.

Sustainability food systems based on organic production during Ukraine’s recovery

Sustainability food systems based on organic production during Ukraine’s recovery
(Sustainability food systems based on organic production during Ukraine’s recovery)

Author(s):Maksym Bezpartochnyi, Olesia Bezpartochna
Language:English
Subject(s):Economy, Agriculture, Energy and Environmental Studies, Accounting - Business Administration
Page Range:147-163
No. of Pages:17
Keywords:statistical and economic methods; monographic method; SWOT analysis
Summary/Abstract:Research overview: the post-war Ukraine’s recovery requires the implementation of balanced organizational and economic measures aimed at developing food systems. Such sustainable solutions can be implemented through the implementation of the European Green Deal and by increasing the efficiency of organic production, its environmental friendliness and optimal use of agricultural land. The global organic market is growing steadily, and Ukraine has significant potential to develop production and exports of such products abroad. The global marketplace is strengthening the position of organic food products, with most consumers concerned about their own health and countries concerned about the environment. During martial law, organic producers in Ukraine faced ensuring security challenges, including the destruction of agricultural land, rising prices, logistical difficulties in domestic and foreign markets, etc. The application of a balanced state policy in the field of organic production, balanced and economical use of natural resources and solving environmental problems will contribute to the development of food systems during post-war Ukraine’s recovery. The aim of the study is to implement the European Green Deal and circular economy during post-war Ukraine’s recovery in the sustainability food systems based on organic production.

Технологични решения в почвения мениджмънт – приложение на междинни култури

Технологични решения в почвения мениджмънт – приложение на междинни култури
(Soil management with the application of cover crops)

Author(s):Krasimira Uzunova, Evgenij Anastasov
Language:Bulgarian
Subject(s):Economy, National Economy, Agriculture, Energy and Environmental Studies
Page Range:164-171
No. of Pages:8
Keywords:soil management; cover crops; biodiversification; biostimulators; insecticides; microbial fertilizers
Summary/Abstract:Worldwide, farmers are striving to maintain and increase the amount of humus in the soil, which is directly related to proper soil fertility management and, above all, the root management of plants grown in the soil. One way to achieve this is with the use of intercrops (also called cover crops). These crops stimulate humus formation, they build the condition for the active life of beneficial microbial organisms by feeding them and leave valuable nutrients in the soil for the next crop, providing it with the opportunity to increase its yield. The presence of living roots for most of the growing season increases soil energy, the amount of microorganisms and nutrient cycling. The purpose of this study is to track the use of good agricultural practices such as the application of microbial fertilizers, "smart" insecticides and fungicides, mycorrhizal treatments, and biological ones to degrade crop residues under minimum tillage technologies coupled with cover crops application.

Анализ на обществените оценки и нагласи към устойчивото развитие на туризма в национален курорт Албена

Анализ на обществените оценки и нагласи към устойчивото развитие на туризма в национален курорт Албена
(Public assessment analysis of sustainable tourism development in Albena national resort)

Author(s):Maria Vodenska
Language:Bulgarian
Subject(s):Economy, National Economy, Tourism
Page Range:172-187
No. of Pages:16
Keywords:tourism; sustainable development; assessment; resort; environment; impacts
Summary/Abstract:Despite the wide acceptance of the sustainable development concept, its implementation is still limited due to the difficulty of its practical application. The challenges are related to the comprehensive assessment of tourism impacts on the environment. Research on the problem in Bulgaria is still scarce. The known publications are at national level and do not give a clear picture of tourism sustainable development and its problems at regional and local levels. An appropriate regional level for monitoring sustainable tourism development is the national resort - it is possible to achieve purposeful use of local resources, combined with its effective control, while taking into account the interests of all parties concerned. The extent to which activities in the tourism sector affect the local environment is the aim of the current analysis of public assessment. Tourism undoubtedly has its positive impact on employment opportunities and local communities’ development, but it also leads to negative consequences on the natural features of the respective territories. The research includes a field survey of the opinion of the general public (residents of the municipality of Balchik) and users of tourist services in Albena national resort. The survey was conducted in the period June – July 2021.

Повишаване на ресурсната ефективност чрез предсказващо поддържане на металургични агрегати

Повишаване на ресурсната ефективност чрез предсказващо поддържане на металургични агрегати
(Increasing resource efficiency by predictive maintenance of metallurgical aggregates)

Author(s):Emil Mihailov, Ivanka Petrova, Monika Asenova
Language:Bulgarian
Subject(s):Economy, Business Economy / Management, Energy and Environmental Studies, Accounting - Business Administration
Page Range:188-199
No. of Pages:12
Keywords:infrared diagnosis metallurgical furnaces; decision-making system; predictive maintenance
Summary/Abstract:A procedure is presented for assessing the real condition of steel ladles based on periodic monitoring results as part of a decision-making system for predictive and safe use of their maximum resource.

Дигитализацията като фактор за устойчиво развитие на хотелите, специализирани в предлагането на семейни почивки

Дигитализацията като фактор за устойчиво развитие на хотелите, специализирани в предлагането на семейни почивки
(Digitalization as a factor for the sustainable development of hotels, specializing in offering family holidays)

Author(s):Elena Alexandrova
Language:Bulgarian
Subject(s):Economy, Accounting - Business Administration, Tourism, Human Resources in Economy
Page Range:200-208
No. of Pages:9
Keywords:digitalization; sustainable development; family hotels; new technologies; smart control systems
Summary/Abstract:The modern tourism market, dominated by globalization, is increasingly criticized in relation to climate change and the carbon footprint of travel. At the same time, tourists' ecological awareness is growing and they are seeking pure and unspoiled nature in addition to comfort and convenience during their vacations. This is particularly relevant for families with children, who progressively take into account the hotels' green balance and digital presence when choosing and booking their trips. Intense competition in the industry also requires finding new competitive advantages and digital solutions to meet the progressing demands and challenges faced by businesses. Therefore, to guarantee their competitive position, hotels specialized in offering family vacations must focus on sustainable development, new technologies, and smart management systems. In this context the use of innovative technologies and digital tools improves management efficiency, enhances communication with guests, increases the number of reservations and tourist satisfaction. Furthermore, it reduces harmful impacts on the environment while ensuring long-term economic sustainability.

Хранителни отпадъци при хранене извън дома: на примера на университетски столове в България

Хранителни отпадъци при хранене извън дома: на примера на университетски столове в България
(Food waste and out-of-home dining: the case of university canteens in Bulgaria)

Author(s):Nina Tipova, Elka Vasileva, Stiliyan Stefanov, Daniela Ivanova
Language:Bulgarian
Subject(s):Economy, National Economy, Agriculture, Energy and Environmental Studies
Page Range:209-220
No. of Pages:12
Keywords:food waste; out-of-home dining; university canteens; Bulgaria
Summary/Abstract:Food waste is a global problem that has an impact on the entire food chain and affects each and every one of us. The problem is multifaceted and has a number of negative consequences. Food waste has a negative impact on the environment, resources, the climate and leads to an increase in economic and social costs. Food safety, feeding the planet’s growing population and achieving sustainable development depend on the ability of current generations to tackle food waste and loss of food at every stage of the food chain. The current study assesses the state of food waste in out-of-home dining (based on the case of university canteens) by identifying the categories of foods in which the waste is greatest. The study used the method of direct observation in three university canteens in Sofia. The results can be used by stakeholders in developing appropriate tools and policies to solve the problem and meet the UN’s global development goals. Meeting target 12.3 requires globally to halve food waste per capita at retail and household level and reduce food losses along the food production and supply chain, including post-harvest losses by 2030.

Use of wood in sustainable architecture

Use of wood in sustainable architecture
(Use of wood in sustainable architecture)

Author(s):Georgi Georgiev
Language:English
Subject(s):Economy, Agriculture, Energy and Environmental Studies
Page Range:221-230
No. of Pages:10
Keywords:timber structures; sustainable architecture; LCA; LCCA
Summary/Abstract:Importance of wood as a sustainable and renewable material presumed its large scale use in architectural structures for centuries. In order to analyze the potential of prospective application of wood in build environment in Bulgaria it is instrumental to investigate the regional specifics in historical development of wooden structures in traditional building practices of the Mediterranean region and in particular on Balkan region Purpose: Understanding the evolution of building practices and identification of sustainable approaches. Many traditional building practices that involve the use of wood are inherently sustainable, incorporating low-impact and resource-efficient techniques. A historical review of the use of wood in architecture can identify these sustainable practices and help us learn from them. A historical review of the use of wood in architecture can provide insight into the stages of development of wooden structures over time and reveals specifics of use of wood according to different cultures and how the technology for working with wood has evolved over time.

Green finance, financial reporting and evaluation

Green finance, financial reporting and evaluation
(Green finance, financial reporting and evaluation)

Author(s):Nadya Velinova-Sokolova
Language:English
Subject(s):Economy, Business Economy / Management, Financial Markets, Public Finances, Accounting - Business Administration
Page Range:232-242
No. of Pages:11
Keywords:green finance; financial reporting; evaluation; measurement
Summary/Abstract:Greening the financial system goes beyond lending and investment standards by considering both the impact of environmental and social risk on the financial system, and the impact of the financial system on environmental and social risks. The greening of the financial system will require going beyond current measures. The accounting and audit standard-setters already require climate-related risks to be considered in the financial statements. As with any other risk, investors need the corresponding information from financial statements and audit reports to make effective investment, voting and other engagement decisions, as well as to fulfil their own net zero commitments. The aim of this paper is to analyse and systematize the key challenges to understand the role of green financing in economic growth, their valuation and financial reporting. The author put forward the provision on the valuation and measurement of green finance in contexts of financial reporting. The article also examines the provision on the existence of causal relationships between the "green" financial and "green" economy and analyzed the challenges of management of green finance in Bulgaria. Further research is needed to mobilise the necessary resources, bridge obvious knowledge gaps and make progress in addressing questions on how to close the green finance gap.

Принципи и подходи за оповестяване на нефинансова информация от предприятията при спазването на екологична политика

Принципи и подходи за оповестяване на нефинансова информация от предприятията при спазването на екологична политика
(Principles and approaches for disclosure of non-financial information by enterprises in compliance with environmental policy)

Author(s):Ivan Andreev
Language:Bulgarian
Subject(s):Economy, Financial Markets, Public Finances, Accounting - Business Administration
Page Range:243-251
No. of Pages:9
Keywords:accounting; non-financial information; environmental policy; accounting standards
Summary/Abstract:Modern challenges related to the implementation and observance of environmental requirements and norms in the implementation of economic activity determine the need for the creation, presentation, and disclosure of accounting information by enterprises for the interaction between business and the environment. The policy of the European regulatory bodies for the protection of natural resources is aimed at adapting the accounting systems of economic entities in the process of monitoring and managing environmental risks. The purpose of the scientific development is the study of the current projections of accounting as an information system through the prism of the sustainable use of natural resources and the effective management of the circular economy. The focus is on delineating the possibilities for practical testing of the requirements of the applicable accounting standards for the disclosure of non-financial information by enterprises, with a view to identifying and measuring the impact of economic and anthropogenic activity on the environment.

Софткомпютинг модели за финансово управление на предприятието

Софткомпютинг модели за финансово управление на предприятието
(Soft computing models for financial management of the company)

Author(s):Yuliyan Velkov, Georgi Kirov
Language:Bulgarian
Subject(s):Economy, Accounting - Business Administration, ICT Information and Communications Technologies
Page Range:252-264
No. of Pages:13
Keywords:soft computing; fuzzy logic; business economy; financial management; company
Summary/Abstract:Soft computing models for company financial management are intelligent platforms for supporting decision-making in an environment of uncertainty. The idea of their creation was formed in the context of the desire to study objects that do not have a precise value description; conceptually relates to Fuzzy Set Theory and its information processing capabilities under approximation conditions. The architecture of soft computing models for financial management based on fuzzy logic is designed from appropriately connected input variables, rules and output variable. In their operation, successive fuzzification of the input information, processing of the rules and defuzzification of the result are carried out. Thus, the accuracy and unambiguity of financial statement information is integrated with the subjectivity and individuality characteristic of human thinking. A computational algorithm is implemented with opportunities to use regardless of the complexity, uncertainty and context dependence of the selection criteria in the modern business economy. Among the advantages of soft computing models for financial management based on fuzzy logic are the ability to reproduce human thinking and intuition, high speed of work, high flexibility, efficiency.

Данъци, данъчна сигурност и устойчивост на икономиката

Данъци, данъчна сигурност и устойчивост на икономиката
(Taxes, tax security and economic sustainability)

Author(s):Boyko Mitkov Petev
Language:Bulgarian
Subject(s):Economy, Financial Markets, Public Finances, Accounting - Business Administration
Page Range:266-283
No. of Pages:18
Keywords:taxes; politics; security; sustainability; economy
Summary/Abstract:The purpose of the research is to achieve the effective functioning of tax mechanisms for the protection of tax security and development of the economy. Methodologically, the system approach, modeling and comparative analysis were used. For the first time in the literature, the concept of "tax security" is introduced as a part of financial/fiscal security and the possibilities for modeling tax policy and tax control are explored, in the context of national security and protection of the strategic interests of the state, for sustainable development the economy and society as a whole. The research problem is extremely topical and in view of the fact that there is a lack of development and research in this direction. The research problem is extremely topical and in view of the fact that there is a lack of development and research in this direction. In the long term, the security of the state represents a set of security of the individual elements of its financial system, including and the fiscal (financial/tax) security of both the state and the debtors.

Защита на критичната инфраструктура в източна България от нанасяне на удар от въздуха

Защита на критичната инфраструктура в източна България от нанасяне на удар от въздуха
(Protection of critical infrastructure in eastern Bulgaria from air strikes)

Author(s):Ivan Popov
Language:Bulgarian
Subject(s):Economy, National Economy, Socio-Economic Research
Page Range:284-299
No. of Pages:16
Keywords:critical infrastructure; strike; weapon; damage
Summary/Abstract:Eastern Bulgaria has three administrativе areas and two main strategic assets: the chemical plants in Devnya and the petrochemical plant in Burgas. Other than these, potential targets of attack can be the following: the ports and airports of Varna and Burgas, the Asparuhovo Bridge, the Naval Academy, the Bulgarian Navy Headquarters, and the port office. In such cases, we have to take measures to safeguard the unaffected infrastructure. The Plants in Devnya and Burgas are big industrial assets of great significance to the nation’s economy. They are not protected from strikes during the war. Also, the water sources and reservoirs also have to be protected. Along the coastline, there are many resorts and camping sites where people from the country and abroad gather during the summer. Nowadays, it is also important to protect communications and the transport link infrastructures so that the economy of Bulgaria can operate normally.

Разпределение на риска между търговските банки и предприятията при отпускане на кредити в контекста на критичната инфраструктура

Разпределение на риска между търговските банки и предприятията при отпускане на кредити в контекста на критичната инфраструктура
(Allocation of risk between the commercial banks and the enterprises in the lending in the context of critical infrastructure)

Author(s):Valeri Nenkov, Tsvetelina Nenkova
Language:Bulgarian
Subject(s):Economy, National Economy, Financial Markets, Accounting - Business Administration
Page Range:300-308
No. of Pages:9
Keywords:critical infrastructure; risk; enterprise; commercial bank; credit
Summary/Abstract:The critical infrastructure arose as a result of the economic crisis and this necessitates the use of bank loans to finance the activities of the enterprises with a limited amount of equity capital and a deteriorated financial condition. When granting short-term and long-term loans to finance the needs of the enterprises, the commercial banks require the provision of solid guarantees designed to reduce the risk of non-payment to a minimum. This limits the implementation of the plan for the investments of the enterprises and gives priority to financing with own funds, which are insufficient in the conditions of the crisis, to solve the following problems: regular payment of the installments on pre-contracted loans; ensuring the remuneration of capital owners - distribution of the dividends between the shareholders; maintaining the economic potential of the enterprise at a competitive level. In this aspect, the aim of the research is to analyze the reasons for reducing the risk in granting loans, the opportunities to improve the activity of the "Finance" sector of the critical infrastructure, the ways to strengthen the activity of enterprises and to conduct of a correct state financial policy, which are a guarantee of overcoming the negative consequences of the crisis. In this regard, the report draws conclusions regarding the impact of the changes in the inflation and the interest rates on loans on the economic behavior of the enterprises to reduce financial risk and improve bank lending in the conditions of an economic crisis.

Wooden buildings in Bulgaria

Wooden buildings in Bulgaria
(Wooden buildings in Bulgaria)

Author(s):Peter Petrov
Language:English
Subject(s):Economy, Business Economy / Management, Energy and Environmental Studies
Page Range:309-319
No. of Pages:11
Keywords:wooden buildings; wooden residential buildings; wooden industrial buildings; wooden public buildings
Summary/Abstract:Historically, the use of wooden structures in residential, public or industrial buildings in Bulgaria is most often associated with low stores - up to two or three floors, as well as the construction of the entire supporting structure of the building or partial application in certain narrowly specialized parts such as floors, walls, roofs. Many historic residential buildings, built from the end of the 18th to the end of the 19th century, have been preserved with all-wooden or mixed - wood-massive constructions, stone in the ground floors (partially in the upper ones as well) in combination with wooden elements in the upper one’s floors when the height of the buildings is two or three floors, even four, with a large unevenness of the terrain in mountainous areas. In public buildings, wooden structures are mainly used for the intermediate supporting elements – the floors and ceilings of the buildings to lighten the structure and overcome larger support distances and achieve the monumentality of the different types of spaces. In rarer cases, there are examples of three-story, all-wood constructions or those combined with stone and wooden supporting elements. In industrial buildings, the use of different types of wooden structures is also widespread in cases of low total load on the structure, for example, in tobacco warehouses in Plovdiv, but most often for roofs and intermediate floor elements. Historically, the use of wooden bearing structures in our country has been limited, due to the large annual temperature amplitude and the not very high density of local wood species, which would hardly provide the required longevity and general durability of the buildings. Today, many of these challenges are more easily solved with the use of high technologies in the preparation of wooden structures, for example in glued timber or with additional treatment for preservation against pests and moisture.

The green economy – upgrading the concept of sustainable development

The green economy – upgrading the concept of sustainable development
(The green economy – upgrading the concept of sustainable development)

Author(s):Tsvetan Iliev
Language:English
Subject(s):Economy, National Economy, Business Economy / Management, Energy and Environmental Studies, Accounting - Business Administration
Page Range:321-331
No. of Pages:11
Keywords:sustainable development; natural capital; ecosystem services; green economy
Summary/Abstract:The article examines the problems posed by changes in the components of the natural factor to social and economic development. They are the focus of researchers from different countries, governments and international organizations, especially after the middle of the 20th century. This is evidenced by the analyses and program documents developed by various organisations, which highlight the main aspects of intervention and regulations in the field of environmental protection with all its components. In this sense, the purpose of the development is to review the concept of sustainable development and the changes that have occurred in it in the direction of focusing attention on the environmentally friendly aspects of economic behavior on a global scale. The object of the research is the concept of sustainable development and the subject – its transformation towards establishing a “green” economy with a view to preventing the loss of biodiversity and ecosystem services.

Обучение на персонала за ефективно приложение на концепцията lean в организацията

Обучение на персонала за ефективно приложение на концепцията lean в организацията
(Staff training for effective implementation of the lean concept in the organization)

Author(s):Yulia Yorgova
Language:Bulgarian
Subject(s):Economy, Business Economy / Management, Accounting - Business Administration, Human Resources in Economy
Page Range:332-340
No. of Pages:9
Keywords:lean; continuing professional training; human resources
Summary/Abstract:The effective implementation of business models to optimize costs and reduce loses, to increase the competitiveness of the enterprise are the key to long-term success and sustainability during economic crisis. Lean is a concept that has proven its capabilities in manufacturing and now also in the service sector. Implementation also as a comprehensive management system is a large-scale and innovative project for the organization. The team is particularly important for its successful implementation. It is necessary to mobilize efforts and involve people from all hierarchical levels of the organization. For each participant, their role, functions and responsibilities and the necessary competencies must be clearly defined. In this line of thinking, continuing training and improvement of human resources for competent and effective implementation of Lean principles in the organization is a guarantee of success. The purpose of the study is to clarify and analyze the roles, tasks and responsibilities that personnel should perform for the effective implementation of the Lean concept in the organization. The programs of personnel training are discussed depending on the tasks that employees perform in the Lean organization. On this basis, conclusions are formulated regarding the role of continuing professional training and development of the organization's human potential for building the necessary Lean competencies.

Management of short-term rental (str) – regulation or deregulation? – Example of Poland

Management of short-term rental (str) – regulation or deregulation? – Example of Poland
(Management of short-term rental (str) – regulation or deregulation? – Example of Poland)

Author(s):Dominik Borek
Language:English
Subject(s):Economy, Supranational / Global Economy, Business Economy / Management, Tourism
Page Range:341-352
No. of Pages:12
Keywords:short term rental; regulation; accomodation; hospitality; online travel agencies
Summary/Abstract:The article presents my personal views and cannot be interpreted as the position of any body, entity or institution. The article presents the legal status as of 3 March, 2023. The article will be based on the results of quantitative empirical research Eurobarometer 495, Eurobarometr 467 and qualitative empirical research based mainly on official documents of European Union and Polish Government. The article will discuss the European Union's plans to change the regulation of short-term rental (or short-time rental) and a comparison to Polish regulations. The advantages and disadvantages of the currently functioning solutions and proposals for the future will be presented. It is also important that the relationship between the sharing economy (Eurostat 2019) and short-term rental will be shown. Examples of the sharing economy and the changes that have taken place in this area will also be presented (Schor 2014). According to the Act of 29 August 1997 on accommodation services and services of tour leaders and tourist guides, accommodation services are short-term, commonly accessible services consisting in the rental of houses, apartments, rooms, bed places as well as plots for putting up tents or for parking caravans, and in the provision of related services at the facility. Therefore, the Act, due to its nature, contains solutions that apply also to entities operating in the STR market. Naturally, Short Term Rental as a human activity has its advantages and disadvantages, and creates both benefits and opportunities for local communities. Short Term Rental (STR) is becoming an increasingly important part of the tourism sector (Eurobarometr 495, 2021), as confirmed e.g. by the interest in the area on the part of EU bodies. At present, STR accounts for nearly a quarter of the overall supply of tourist accommodation services in the European Union (EU) (Eurobarometr 2021). The increase in the share has been caused, in particular, by the emergence of online platforms, so-called Online Travel Agencies (OTA). One in four EU citizens uses STR via such a platform. I will use the following methods: dogmatic-exegetical method, empirical method with qualitative and quantitative research.

Невромениджмънт – новият подход в управлението на организацията

Невромениджмънт – новият подход в управлението на организацията
(Neuromanagement – the new approach in organization management)

Author(s):Ivanka Asenova
Language:Bulgarian
Subject(s):Social Sciences, Economy, Psychology, Social psychology and group interaction, Neuropsychology, Human Resources in Economy
Page Range:353-363
No. of Pages:11
Keywords:neuromanagement; neuroscience; neuroiconomics
Summary/Abstract:Neuromanagement is a new field of management that has developed as a result of the application to human resource management of knowledge generated in the fields of cognitive neuroscience and psychology. The goal of neuromanagement is, through the study of brain activity during the course of mental processes at the moment when people are faced with an economic or managerial problem, to acquire knowledge that will help to develop and use the intellectual potential of all workers in the organization in order to achieve higher production efficiency of each worker and more effective management of the organization. There are a number of differences between classical management and neuromanagement concerning: the orientation of management functions; the principles on which the management process is based; the means of influencing the personnel; the system of motivating the personnel. The new economic reality turns intellectual capital into the most important production factor. A cluster of professional competencies was defined at the 2015 World Economic Forum in Davos that will be sought in organizations using the principles of neuromanagement. All these irreversible processes of change are also placing new demands on schools and universities, both in terms of learning technologies and in terms of the formation of new skills and competences in future professionals that are vital for the business of the future.

Лайкване и лайкването като компонент на манипулация в комуникацията

Лайкване и лайкването като компонент на манипулация в комуникацията
(Liking and liking as a component of manipulation in communication)

Author(s):Vanche Boykov, Marieta Goceva
Language:Bulgarian
Subject(s):Social Sciences, Economy, Media studies, Communication studies, Theory of Communication, ICT Information and Communications Technologies
Page Range:364-376
No. of Pages:13
Keywords:social networks; liking; manipulation; backstage; etiquette
Summary/Abstract:New technologies bring with them new rules of communication. The essence of social networks is in mutual connection and exchange of information. Since Facebook implemented the "like" button on February 2, 2009, it has been used more than 1.3 trillion times and the number is increasing every day. Liking is an interactive communication that takes place with message, intention and action. By actively communicating with another person, by liking them, they are notified that their photo, status or post has been noticed. Liking shows the attitude of the liker towards the owner of the post. Facebook likes can be explained as the result of individuals' identification, empathy, and practicality with the content. People like other people's posts to confirm that they like something; to say something about themselves; to express virtual empathy or get something in return when the content liking audience is associated with a specific brand. It is important that liking the shared content is compelling and convinces the audience that there is a benefit (personal, intimate or business) from the author of the post. Despite the fact that liking provides information about self-disclosure and people can recognize each other, liking can also be used as a component of manipulation. In business, for example, when a partner's page is liked, while at the same time behind-the-scenes activities take place, or when likes are generated to represent the "greatness" of the product. The purpose of the author's research is to find out why other people's posts are liked in online platforms and why likes are also used for manipulation. The results of this research will certainly help to better understand human nature

Индексът за човешко развитие и ролята на образованието за постигане на устойчивост

Индексът за човешко развитие и ролята на образованието за постигане на устойчивост
(The human development index and the role of education in achieving sustainability)

Author(s):Lalka Borisova, Rumyana Antova
Language:Bulgarian
Subject(s):Social Sciences, Economy, Education, Vocational Education, Human Resources in Economy
Page Range:378-387
No. of Pages:10
Keywords:index; human development; life; education; incomes
Summary/Abstract:The relevance of the topic of the report is indisputable. We live in difficult times – the ongoing Covid-19 pandemic, the war in Ukraine, natural disasters that have led to reversals in human development. In overcoming the consequences of these cataclysms, countries do differently in their development. Since 1989, the United Nations has examined the level of this development through a scale of high, medium and low human development, on which it calculates a Human Development Index (UNDP) based on three indicators: life expectancy, education and income level, and ranks countries according to the results obtained in the three categories. At that time, Bulgaria occupied the 24th place, and in the 2021 ranking – the "prestigious" 68th. More fundamentally, we will dwell on the role of education, trying to answer an important question: why are we lagging behind in the age of technology?

Бизнес модели и кръгова икономика – възможности и предизвикателства

Бизнес модели и кръгова икономика – възможности и предизвикателства
(Business models and circular economy – opportunities and challenges)

Author(s):Nadya Georgieva
Language:Bulgarian
Subject(s):Economy, Business Economy / Management, Energy and Environmental Studies
Page Range:388-398
No. of Pages:11
Keywords:circular economy; product; process; technology
Summary/Abstract:“Circular Economy” is focused on products and materials being used over and over, in a continuous loop, rather than discarded. In a circular economy, products are reused. Products that cannot be reused are recycled by chemical or mechanical processes, or through biological processes such as composting. Circular packaging solutions incorporate the principles of the circular economy and integrate seamlessly into sustainability efforts. The concept of a circular economy is built in opposition to the traditional linear model where raw materials are used, things are created from them, they are consumed and the leftovers are thrown away. This model relies on large quantities of cheap and accessible materials and energy sources. The purpose of the research in the report is to reveal better understand the relationship between a circular economy (the bigger picture) and circular business models (the smaller picture). No singular business is the circular economy. That is to say, the circular economy is not one single vertically-integrated business. The research methodology is based on theoretical, dialectical, sociological, comparative-legal and formal-logical analysis. The report reveals the main challenges of the transition to the circular economy and the benefits of the transition to the circular economy: to protect the environment, reduce dependence on raw materials, create jobs, and save consumers money.

Проучване на нагласите на човешките ресурси, наети в сектор хотелиерство и ресторантьорство в община Девин относно прилагането на политики за опазване на околната среда, кръгова икономика и зелен преход

Проучване на нагласите на човешките ресурси, наети в сектор хотелиерство и ресторантьорство в община Девин относно прилагането на политики за опазване на околната среда, кръгова икономика и зелен преход
(Study of the attitudes of the human resources employed in the hotel and restaurant sector in Devin municipality regarding the implementation of policies for environment protection, circular economy and green transition)

Author(s):Valentin Kotsakov
Language:Bulgarian
Subject(s):Economy, Energy and Environmental Studies, Human Resources in Economy
Page Range:399-411
No. of Pages:13
Keywords:human resources; motivation; green transition; circular economy; environmental protection
Summary/Abstract:The report presents the results of a survey of the human resources employed in the hotel and restaurant sector in Devin Municipality, conducted in the period November-December 2022, regarding their knowledge, attitudes and motivation for implementing policies for environmental protection, circular economy and green transition. Human resources are the most important factor for the development of the modern organization and the implementation of sustainability policies depends on their motivational, moral and ethical value. That is why knowing and analyzing the state of human resources, their needs and expectations is very important in our dynamic modern times. It is characteristic of Devin municipality that a large part of the local population is directly dependent on tourism in the region. This leads to relatively low staff turnover and high motivation to achieve high results, and to a large extent the attitudes of employees and organizations coincide. The survey aims to investigate the extent to which organizations and their employees are aware of the benefits of implementing policies for environmental protection, circular economy and green transition. The analysis made in this survey can be used as a model for researching employees in other sectors and regions in Bulgaria.

Приложение на SOR модела за потребителско поведение за моделиране на маркетинговите комуникации, насочени към преживявания

Приложение на SOR модела за потребителско поведение за моделиране на маркетинговите комуникации, насочени към преживявания
(Application of the SOR model of consumer behavior to model experiential marketing communications)

Author(s):Ralitsa Yaneva
Language:Bulgarian
Subject(s):Economy, Marketing / Advertising, Human Resources in Economy
Page Range:412-427
No. of Pages:16
Keywords:marketing; experiences; communications; SOR model
Summary/Abstract:Customer experience includes all of а customer's interactions with a company and its product, app, or website over time. In the present study, the types of consumer experience are reviewed. Based on the existing SOR model of consumer behavior, parallel models are drawn up at each stage of the customer journey to emphasize communication strategies aimed at customer experiences with the brand. In order to ensure a positive experience, it is necessary to know the customers and their needs. Creating complete customer profiles will help understand and measure customer behavior at every touchpoint and across multiple communication channels, with aim to achieve long-lasting and effective relationships between the client and the business organization.

Кръговата икономика, през погледа на критиците

Кръговата икономика, през погледа на критиците
(The circular economy through the eyes of the critics)

Author(s):Mina Karpuzova
Language:Bulgarian
Subject(s):Economy, National Economy, Socio-Economic Research
Page Range:428-438
No. of Pages:11
Keywords:circular economy; sustainable development; circular business models
Summary/Abstract:The current literature is dominated by reports and studies that mainly focus on the benefits and effectiveness of implementing the Circular economy (CE). Few authors and publications examine the topic from a critical perspective, stressing on disadvantages, and potential problems in the model. The presence of scientifically negative positions inevitably necessitates the need to collect, systematize and thoroughly explore them. The report aims to make a general analysis of some of the existing criticisms regarding the CE model. The initial review revealed that the main challenges and disagreements centered mainly on the comprehensiveness and complexity of the subject matter; the need for a correct and realistic risk assessment; the absence or ambiguity regarding the strategic directions of development; the incompleteness and still insufficient clear and specific legislation and standardization; as well as to and prioritizing global issues. In order to identify and improve the weaknesses of the model, is extremely important for the critical analysis to be constructive and justified. This approach of analysis aims to contribute to the maximum extent to the overall improvement of the model during its implementation.

Ефективно използване на природни ресурси в интегрираното управление на хотелиерския спа и медикъл продукт

Ефективно използване на природни ресурси в интегрираното управление на хотелиерския спа и медикъл продукт
(Effective use of natural resources in the integrated management of the SPA and medical hotel’s product)

Author(s):Teodora Arsova
Language:Bulgarian
Subject(s):Economy, National Economy, Tourism
Page Range:439-450
No. of Pages:12
Keywords:SPA and Medical hotel’s product; integrated management; natural resources; sustainable
Summary/Abstract:The main aim in tourism management is to provide opportunities for achieving optimal results of the development of the hotel organizations and good results from business activities. The emerging climate changes and their consequences provoke the development of effective management solutions and prevention against negative environmental effects in the tourism sector. The general tasks that follow from the goal of the study are directly aimed at clarifying the nature of the integrated management in the hotel industry, estimating the environmental parameters in the bigger resorts of the Bulgarian Black Sea coast and the application of eco-friendly technologies in the tourism sector and the SPA and Medical hotel’s product. The study includes conducting laboratory tests of salty mineral water and the natural resource "Healing mud" from the source Pomorie salt lake, as well as the natural resource "Black Sea lye" from the Salt factory – Bourgas. In the last part of the study, the need and the information for introducing an environmental audit system in the tourism sector will be assessed by performing two types of questionnaire survey among business representatives and customers. Managers describe the strengths and weaknesses of this type of centres in hotel complexes and the importance of introducing eco standards. In the second type of questionnaire, consumers evaluate the quality of the SPA and Medical hotel’s product and the efficient use of natural resources. There is a growing interest and importance of SPA tourism for the population, in the quality of Wellness and Medical hotel’s products provided. The motivation of the tourists looking for destinations for their holidays or convalescent stays to places with a direct connection between man and nature, is increased. People are gradually realizing the benefits of natural resources on their healthy and satisfied lifestyles. As a result of the imbalance between available natural resources and their consumption, businesses appreciate the need for effective management solutions to address climate changes and prevention against environmental risk. A specialised approach and the implementation of integrated management are therefore required to ensure continued engagement and sustainable development of the tourism sector.

Перспективи за модернизация и иновации в ерата на кръговата икономика

Перспективи за модернизация и иновации в ерата на кръговата икономика
(Prospects for modernization and innovation in the era of the circular economy)

Author(s):Todor Yosifov
Language:Bulgarian
Subject(s):Economy, Business Economy / Management
Page Range:451-460
No. of Pages:10
Keywords:industrialization; circular economy; business horizons; challenges; innovations; management models
Summary/Abstract:The challenges facing society on a global scale are part of a process embedded in the circular economy. The main focus on the life cycle of products and its multiplication is related to innovation not only in business but also in institutional development. The transition to a sustainable model is inextricably linked to the innovation and capabilities that EU countries can develop to move to the next stage in the global economic scale. The effective functioning of any national economy and state government is related to the updating of practices, and the development of industrialization to the level expected by society. The successful economic spectrum works to develop a circular economy.

Устойчивост на кръговата икономика чрез иновации. Цикличността като дизайн на бъдещето в туризма

Устойчивост на кръговата икономика чрез иновации. Цикличността като дизайн на бъдещето в туризма
(Sustainability of the circular economy through innovation. Cyclicity as a design of the future in tourism)

Author(s):Ivinka Pazieva
Language:Bulgarian
Subject(s):Economy, Business Economy / Management, Tourism, Socio-Economic Research
Page Range:461-474
No. of Pages:14
Keywords:circular economy; cyclicality; circular economy concept; innovation; tourism
Summary/Abstract:The concept of the circular economy goes beyond simple recycling, associating itself with the maxim that the circular economy is an economy of the reform, that waste is a resource through which we enable innovation to occur. Innovation, on the other hand, is a daily routine for business but with the thought of a future built on a reasonable economic development system. By valuing the circular tourism product, the plan for sustainable consumption can be further developed and we could design the product to the future requirements of the circular economy model. Cyclicality, on the other hand, does not close the innovative flow, but expands its sphere of action on more economic entities that strive for the longevity of their product – part of the current and future economic organism of the systemic sustainability plan. The purpose of this research is to outline mechanisms for innovation in tourism. The first part of the paper defines the understanding of a sustainable circular economic model in Bulgaria in its relation to innovative business practices in tourism. Тhe best practices are derived through value creation in tourism business models. Тhe second part sketches the need for the best practices through the introduction of the circular economic model in Bulgaria and analyzes the risks of introducing digitalization to Bulgarian tourism. Based on the research among representatives of the tourism sector in Bulgaria, it has come to a view that there is a shortage of good examples and studies in support of the promotion of the circular economic model among the tourism enterprises in Bulgaria. Any contribution in this area will lead to the improvement of knowledge and benefits from the introduction of the circular economy models in tourism.

Влияние на кръговата икономика в черноморския басейн

Влияние на кръговата икономика в черноморския басейн
(Impact of the circular economy on the Black sea basin)

Author(s):Georgi Hadjiev
Language:Bulgarian
Subject(s):Economy, National Economy, Tourism
Page Range:475-487
No. of Pages:13
Keywords:sustainable development; Black sea; circular economy; marine ecosystem
Summary/Abstract:In recent years, there has been an increasing push towards the introduction of circular economy models, which would work in opposition to the traditional linear model "extraction-production-consumption-disposal".As part of the Black Sea Basin, Bulgaria has unique coastal and marine resources that offer opportunities for sustainable growth of the industries that depend on them. Although a large part of the economy along the Bulgarian coast continues to rely on traditional sectors such as beach tourism, fishing, maritime transport and mining, it should be borne in mind that the application of circular economy models has enormous potential. However, there is an increasingly fragmented management of coastal and marine natural resources, due to a lack of consistency in sectoral policies and market development at the regional and national level, which should be overcome through a comprehensive approach based on a comprehensive development vision.

Основни елементи на комуникациите при управлението на проекти

Основни елементи на комуникациите при управлението на проекти
(Basic elements of communications in project management)

Author(s):Daryan Boykov, Milka Nanova
Language:Bulgarian
Subject(s):Social Sciences, Economy, Business Economy / Management, Communication studies, Theory of Communication, Accounting - Business Administration
Page Range:488-497
No. of Pages:10
Keywords:management; project; communication
Summary/Abstract:Project communications management is a series of processes required to plan, generate, collect, distribute, store, retrieve, manage, control, monitor and ultimately dispose of project information in a timely and appropriate manner. Communication is considered one of the most important skills a project manager should possess. Project managers spend almost all the time during the project communicating. Communication management is the process of overseeing information transfer in all directions (up, down, horizontal or diagonal), which can be formal or informal. The implementation of the project depends directly on the project manager and his competence in communication management. Researchers claim that "effective communication creates a bridge between the different stakeholders involved in the project, bridging different cultural and organizational environments, different levels of expertise, and different perspectives and interests in the project's implementation or outcome". Effective project communications implies that the right information is transformed to the right addressee, appearing most cost-effectively at the right time. These prerequisites are imperative for the success of the project. Effective project communications mean the execution (transmission, reception, decoding, understanding) of the necessary information. On the other hand, project communication is understood as the exchange of information with the aim of building coherence between project stakeholders. The term "project communication" refers to all aspects of communication in a project: both external and internal communication, written, oral and interpersonal, planned and unregulated.

Устойчиво финансиране – рискове и отчетност в банковия сектор

Устойчиво финансиране – рискове и отчетност в банковия сектор
(Sustainable finance – risks and reporting in banking sector)

Author(s):Boryana Borisova-Rossi
Language:Bulgarian
Subject(s):Economy, Financial Markets, Public Finances, Accounting - Business Administration
Page Range:498-512
No. of Pages:15
Keywords:sustainable; ESG risks; disclosure; banks
Summary/Abstract:In relation to the transition towards a sustainable, carbon-neutral, circular economy it is necessary to provide envisaged financial resources from the public funds as well as increase in private sector investments. Financial intermediation, in particular bank intermediation, plays a crucial role, while the transition leads to new risks which should be defined and appropriately managed in order to minimise threats to financial stability. Regarding sustainable financing the European Commission adopted a set of actions, summarised in a published plan and strategy. The action plan aims at reorienting capital flows towards a sustainable development, mainstreaming sustainability in risk management, fostering transparency and long-term orientation. In this context, the EC's efforts are focused on ten interrelated areas, with the building blocks of taxonomy, disclosure and other tools as benchmarks and standards. These legislative acts are the starting point for categorising banks’ products and exposures, as well as activities of the banks’ borrowers. Furthermore, they contribute to the development of unified reporting, as a basis for assessment and management of the climate change transition risk, part of the broader concept for environmental, social and governance (ESG) risks. Under the newly established European regulatory framework for sustainability disclosure, credit institutions should meet multiple reporting requirements. Banks must have an appropriate corporate governance and risk management structure and process in place to identify, measure, mitigate and report risks. Competent supervisory authorities are engaged in monitoring and analysing this information for the purposes of financial stability. This is why banks and supervisory authorities are facing the challenges related with accurate future reporting and measurement of ESG risks, given the lack of sufficient and comprehensive information.

Финансов отчет на кръговата икономика

Финансов отчет на кръговата икономика
(Financial statement of circle economics)

Author(s):Radoslav Mirinchev
Language:Bulgarian
Subject(s):Economy, Accounting - Business Administration
Page Range:513-520
No. of Pages:8
Keywords:circle economics; sharing resources; financial statement
Summary/Abstract:Circle economics refers to an economic model that emphasizes the circular flow of goods, services, and resources in an economy. In this model, the focus is on reducing waste and promoting sustainability by keeping resources in use for as long as possible and then recovering and regenerating materials at the end of their life cycle.

Устойчиво развитие - Кръгова икономика, Критични инфраструктури, Зелен преход Sustainable Development - Circular Economy, Critical Infrastructures, Green Transition

Circular economy impact over the blue growth and the blue careers

Circular economy impact over the blue growth and the blue careers (Circular economy impact over the blue growth and the blue careers)

Продължаващо образование и обучение за устойчив европейски пазар на труда

Продължаващо образование и обучение за устойчив европейски пазар на труда (Continuing education and training for sustainable European labor market)

Кръговата икономика като фактор за постигане на устойчиво развитие в България

Кръговата икономика като фактор за постигане на устойчиво развитие в България (The circular economy as a factor for achieving sustainable development in Bulgaria)

Научноизследователски подход при проучване на туристически дестинации – методи и етапи

Научноизследователски подход при проучване на туристически дестинации – методи и етапи (Scientific research approach in the study of tourist destinations – methods and stages)

The COVID-19 crisis and tourism in Bulgaria

The COVID-19 crisis and tourism in Bulgaria (The COVID-19 crisis and tourism in Bulgaria)

The role of digital media in collecting information on the products of wood industry companies as important tool towards circular economy principles

The role of digital media in collecting information on the products of wood industry companies as important tool towards circular economy principles (The role of digital media in collecting information on the products of wood industry companies as important tool towards circular economy principles)

Цифровизация на застрахователния пазар в Република България – проблеми и решения

Цифровизация на застрахователния пазар в Република България – проблеми и решения (Digitization of the insurance market in the Republic of Bulgaria-problems and solutions)

Entrepreneurial mindset for sustainable business development through digitalization

Entrepreneurial mindset for sustainable business development through digitalization (Entrepreneurial mindset for sustainable business development through digitalization)

Приложение на теорията на планираното поведение в туристическото потребление на местни храни

Приложение на теорията на планираното поведение в туристическото потребление на местни храни (An application of the theory of planned behavior in tourist consumption of local foods)

Кръгова икономика за eдинно здраве – общи концептуални корени и ефективно емпирично взаимодействие за зелено бъдеще

Water in the circular economy: state of play in Bulgaria, Hungary, Romania and Slovenia

Water in the circular economy: state of play in Bulgaria, Hungary, Romania and Slovenia (Water in the circular economy: state of play in Bulgaria, Hungary, Romania and Slovenia)

За един ревитализиран и проспективен феномен на икономическия мейнстрийм

За един ревитализиран и проспективен феномен на икономическия мейнстрийм (On a revitalized and prospective phenomen of economic mainstream)

Sustainability food systems based on organic production during Ukraine’s recovery

Sustainability food systems based on organic production during Ukraine’s recovery (Sustainability food systems based on organic production during Ukraine’s recovery)

Технологични решения в почвения мениджмънт – приложение на междинни култури

Технологични решения в почвения мениджмънт – приложение на междинни култури (Soil management with the application of cover crops)

Анализ на обществените оценки и нагласи към устойчивото развитие на туризма в национален курорт Албена

Анализ на обществените оценки и нагласи към устойчивото развитие на туризма в национален курорт Албена (Public assessment analysis of sustainable tourism development in Albena national resort)

Повишаване на ресурсната ефективност чрез предсказващо поддържане на металургични агрегати

Повишаване на ресурсната ефективност чрез предсказващо поддържане на металургични агрегати (Increasing resource efficiency by predictive maintenance of metallurgical aggregates)

Дигитализацията като фактор за устойчиво развитие на хотелите, специализирани в предлагането на семейни почивки

Хранителни отпадъци при хранене извън дома: на примера на университетски столове в България

Хранителни отпадъци при хранене извън дома: на примера на университетски столове в България (Food waste and out-of-home dining: the case of university canteens in Bulgaria)

Use of wood in sustainable architecture

Use of wood in sustainable architecture (Use of wood in sustainable architecture)

Green finance, financial reporting and evaluation

Green finance, financial reporting and evaluation (Green finance, financial reporting and evaluation)

Принципи и подходи за оповестяване на нефинансова информация от предприятията при спазването на екологична политика

Софткомпютинг модели за финансово управление на предприятието

Софткомпютинг модели за финансово управление на предприятието (Soft computing models for financial management of the company)

Данъци, данъчна сигурност и устойчивост на икономиката

Данъци, данъчна сигурност и устойчивост на икономиката (Taxes, tax security and economic sustainability)

Защита на критичната инфраструктура в източна България от нанасяне на удар от въздуха

Защита на критичната инфраструктура в източна България от нанасяне на удар от въздуха (Protection of critical infrastructure in eastern Bulgaria from air strikes)

Разпределение на риска между търговските банки и предприятията при отпускане на кредити в контекста на критичната инфраструктура

Wooden buildings in Bulgaria

Wooden buildings in Bulgaria (Wooden buildings in Bulgaria)

The green economy – upgrading the concept of sustainable development

The green economy – upgrading the concept of sustainable development (The green economy – upgrading the concept of sustainable development)

Обучение на персонала за ефективно приложение на концепцията lean в организацията

Обучение на персонала за ефективно приложение на концепцията lean в организацията (Staff training for effective implementation of the lean concept in the organization)

Management of short-term rental (str) – regulation or deregulation? – Example of Poland

Management of short-term rental (str) – regulation or deregulation? – Example of Poland (Management of short-term rental (str) – regulation or deregulation? – Example of Poland)

Невромениджмънт – новият подход в управлението на организацията

Невромениджмънт – новият подход в управлението на организацията (Neuromanagement – the new approach in organization management)

Лайкване и лайкването като компонент на манипулация в комуникацията

Лайкване и лайкването като компонент на манипулация в комуникацията (Liking and liking as a component of manipulation in communication)

Индексът за човешко развитие и ролята на образованието за постигане на устойчивост

Индексът за човешко развитие и ролята на образованието за постигане на устойчивост (The human development index and the role of education in achieving sustainability)

Бизнес модели и кръгова икономика – възможности и предизвикателства

Бизнес модели и кръгова икономика – възможности и предизвикателства (Business models and circular economy – opportunities and challenges)

Приложение на SOR модела за потребителско поведение за моделиране на маркетинговите комуникации, насочени към преживявания

Кръговата икономика, през погледа на критиците

Кръговата икономика, през погледа на критиците (The circular economy through the eyes of the critics)

Ефективно използване на природни ресурси в интегрираното управление на хотелиерския спа и медикъл продукт

Перспективи за модернизация и иновации в ерата на кръговата икономика

Перспективи за модернизация и иновации в ерата на кръговата икономика (Prospects for modernization and innovation in the era of the circular economy)

Устойчивост на кръговата икономика чрез иновации. Цикличността като дизайн на бъдещето в туризма

Устойчивост на кръговата икономика чрез иновации. Цикличността като дизайн на бъдещето в туризма (Sustainability of the circular economy through innovation. Cyclicity as a design of the future in tourism)

Влияние на кръговата икономика в черноморския басейн

Влияние на кръговата икономика в черноморския басейн (Impact of the circular economy on the Black sea basin)

Основни елементи на комуникациите при управлението на проекти

Основни елементи на комуникациите при управлението на проекти (Basic elements of communications in project management)

Устойчиво финансиране – рискове и отчетност в банковия сектор

Устойчиво финансиране – рискове и отчетност в банковия сектор (Sustainable finance – risks and reporting in banking sector)

Финансов отчет на кръговата икономика

Финансов отчет на кръговата икономика (Financial statement of circle economics)

Устойчиво развитие - Кръгова икономика, Критични инфраструктури, Зелен преход
Sustainable Development - Circular Economy, Critical Infrastructures, Green Transition

Circular economy impact over the blue growth and the blue careers
(Circular economy impact over the blue growth and the blue careers)

Продължаващо образование и обучение за устойчив европейски пазар на труда
(Continuing education and training for sustainable European labor market)

Кръговата икономика като фактор за постигане на устойчиво развитие в България
(The circular economy as a factor for achieving sustainable development in Bulgaria)

Научноизследователски подход при проучване на туристически дестинации – методи и етапи
(Scientific research approach in the study of tourist destinations – methods and stages)

The COVID-19 crisis and tourism in Bulgaria
(The COVID-19 crisis and tourism in Bulgaria)

The role of digital media in collecting information on the products of wood industry companies as important tool towards circular economy principles
(The role of digital media in collecting information on the products of wood industry companies as important tool towards circular economy principles)

Цифровизация на застрахователния пазар в Република България – проблеми и решения
(Digitization of the insurance market in the Republic of Bulgaria-problems and solutions)

Entrepreneurial mindset for sustainable business development through digitalization
(Entrepreneurial mindset for sustainable business development through digitalization)

Приложение на теорията на планираното поведение в туристическото потребление на местни храни
(An application of the theory of planned behavior in tourist consumption of local foods)

Water in the circular economy: state of play in Bulgaria, Hungary, Romania and Slovenia
(Water in the circular economy: state of play in Bulgaria, Hungary, Romania and Slovenia)

За един ревитализиран и проспективен феномен на икономическия мейнстрийм
(On a revitalized and prospective phenomen of economic mainstream)

Sustainability food systems based on organic production during Ukraine’s recovery
(Sustainability food systems based on organic production during Ukraine’s recovery)

Технологични решения в почвения мениджмънт – приложение на междинни култури
(Soil management with the application of cover crops)

Анализ на обществените оценки и нагласи към устойчивото развитие на туризма в национален курорт Албена
(Public assessment analysis of sustainable tourism development in Albena national resort)

Повишаване на ресурсната ефективност чрез предсказващо поддържане на металургични агрегати
(Increasing resource efficiency by predictive maintenance of metallurgical aggregates)

Хранителни отпадъци при хранене извън дома: на примера на университетски столове в България
(Food waste and out-of-home dining: the case of university canteens in Bulgaria)

Use of wood in sustainable architecture
(Use of wood in sustainable architecture)

Green finance, financial reporting and evaluation
(Green finance, financial reporting and evaluation)

Софткомпютинг модели за финансово управление на предприятието
(Soft computing models for financial management of the company)

Данъци, данъчна сигурност и устойчивост на икономиката
(Taxes, tax security and economic sustainability)

Защита на критичната инфраструктура в източна България от нанасяне на удар от въздуха
(Protection of critical infrastructure in eastern Bulgaria from air strikes)

Wooden buildings in Bulgaria
(Wooden buildings in Bulgaria)

The green economy – upgrading the concept of sustainable development
(The green economy – upgrading the concept of sustainable development)

Обучение на персонала за ефективно приложение на концепцията lean в организацията
(Staff training for effective implementation of the lean concept in the organization)

Management of short-term rental (str) – regulation or deregulation? – Example of Poland
(Management of short-term rental (str) – regulation or deregulation? – Example of Poland)

Невромениджмънт – новият подход в управлението на организацията
(Neuromanagement – the new approach in organization management)

Лайкване и лайкването като компонент на манипулация в комуникацията
(Liking and liking as a component of manipulation in communication)

Индексът за човешко развитие и ролята на образованието за постигане на устойчивост
(The human development index and the role of education in achieving sustainability)

Бизнес модели и кръгова икономика – възможности и предизвикателства
(Business models and circular economy – opportunities and challenges)

Кръговата икономика, през погледа на критиците
(The circular economy through the eyes of the critics)

Перспективи за модернизация и иновации в ерата на кръговата икономика
(Prospects for modernization and innovation in the era of the circular economy)

Устойчивост на кръговата икономика чрез иновации. Цикличността като дизайн на бъдещето в туризма
(Sustainability of the circular economy through innovation. Cyclicity as a design of the future in tourism)

Влияние на кръговата икономика в черноморския басейн
(Impact of the circular economy on the Black sea basin)

Основни елементи на комуникациите при управлението на проекти
(Basic elements of communications in project management)

Устойчиво финансиране – рискове и отчетност в банковия сектор
(Sustainable finance – risks and reporting in banking sector)

Финансов отчет на кръговата икономика
(Financial statement of circle economics)