FROM BELGRADE TO BENGHAZI: WASHINGTON’S DESCENT INTO PERPETUAL GLOBAL WAR, 1999-2019
FROM BELGRADE TO BENGHAZI: WASHINGTON’S DESCENT INTO PERPETUAL GLOBAL WAR, 1999-2019

Author(s): Gordon N. Bardos
Subject(s): Politics, Security and defense, Military policy, Geopolitics, Peace and Conflict Studies
Published by: Институт за међународну политику и привреду
Keywords: USA; interventions; global war; Libya; Kosovo
Summary/Abstract: Since the Kosovo War in 1999, the United States has been at war for nineteen of the subsequent twenty years, a condition many scholars and commentators have called “permanent war” or “perpetual war.” Two historical moments contributed to the emergence of this condition; first, the end of the Cold War, and the resulting “end of history” triumphalism in many Western capitals, and second, the 9/11 attacks. Together, these developments have fostered the unprecedented growth of an immense infrastructure created for the purpose of carrying out perpetual global war, the primary examples of which have been the Kosovo Conflict in 1999, the invasion of Iraq in 2003, the attack on Libya in 2011, and the ever-increasing tensions with Russia over the past decade.

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