K organizaci židovských náboženských obcí v českých zemích
On the organization of Jewish religious communities in the Czech lands

Author(s): Vlastimila Hamáčková
Subject(s): Jewish studies, History of Law, Sociology, History of Judaism, 19th Century, Sociology of Religion
Published by: Židovské Muzeum v Praze
Keywords: Jewish religious communities; Czech lands; 1890 law; Supreme Council; social care; heritage preservation;
Summary/Abstract: The organization of Jewish religious communities in the Czech lands between the two world wars faced numerous challenges, as detailed in the extensive archival materials preserved in the Jewish Museum in Prague. The 1890 law established Jewish religious communities as public territorial corporations, mandating the collection of a religious tax to cover community needs. Despite the autonomy granted by the law, the communities struggled with issues such as appointing and maintaining rabbis, and the lack of broader organizations to coordinate inter-community relations. Efforts to create a unified organization culminated in the formation of regional unions and the Supreme Council of Jewish Religious Communities in 1927. These unions aimed to manage common affairs, represent Jewish interests to state authorities, and ensure the preservation of Jewish heritage. The Supreme Council also focused on social care, education, and the protection of historical and artistic Jewish artifacts. The study highlights the resilience and adaptability of Jewish communities in navigating legal and financial uncertainties, emphasizing the importance of preserving their history for future generations.

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