INTELEKTUALIZACJA I HUMANIZACJA PRACY JAKO ISTOTNE WYZNACZNIKI POSTĘPU CYWILIZACYJNEGO
INTELLECTUALIZATION AND HUMANIZATION OF WORK AS A SIGNIFICANT INDICATORS OF CIVILIZATION PROGRESS

Author(s): Edwin Tytyk
Subject(s): Human Resources in Economy
Published by: Polskie Towarzystwo Profesjologiczne
Keywords: theory of needs; forms of work; evolution of technology; intellectualization of work; humanization of work;ergonomics;
Summary/Abstract: The article discusses the treatment of human labor as a means of meeting various needs in the context of A. Maslow’s theory of a hierarchy of needs. Listed hierarchically, the following needs: physiological, safety, belonging, esteem and self-actualization are reflected in the forms of work performed by people. There is a clearly visible link between the methods of satisfying needs and forms of work (and more generally: conscious human activities) such as hunting, gathering, slavery, feudalism, craftsmanship, wage labor in industry, intellectual work. At a certain stage of development of forms of work, dependent on the progress of technology and civilization, the need to humanize human activities arose, elicited by praxeological, economic and ethical considerations. The modern stage of development of forms of work is characterized by the fact that its implementation requires more and more intellectual and emotional involvement from a person, and to a lesser extent physical effort. Subsection 2 defines this stage as the intellectualization of work and presents its relationship with the development of technical measures to perform work. One effect of these changes is a specific load put on a person performing work using various technical measures that do not lead to an increase in the humanization of work. The next subsection presents the most important manifestation of the humanization of technology – the origin and development of ergonomics. It demonstrates ergonomics’ Polish roots and references to other sciences relevant for the humanization of work, such as management theory and environmental protection. The conclusions include a summary of the characteristics that intellectualized and humanized work should possess, and that could bring the employee closer to feeling the most desirable state: satisfying the need for self-actualization.

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