К изучению закономерностей формирования русско-кочевнического пограничья в Среднем Подонье в IX—XVII вв.
To Study the Regularities of Formation of the Russian-Nomadic Frontier in the Middle Don Region in the 9th —17th Centuries

Author(s): Mikhail V. Tcybin
Subject(s): History, Archaeology, Middle Ages, Modern Age, 6th to 12th Centuries, 13th to 14th Centuries, 15th Century, 17th Century, Migration Studies
Published by: Издательский дом Stratum, Университет «Высшая антропологическая школа»
Keywords: Middle Don region; Middle Ages; Russian-nomadic frontier; Slavic-Russian population; Saltovo-Mayaki culture; Kipchaks; Golden Horde
Summary/Abstract: The article is devoted to revealing regularities of formation of the Russian-nomadic frontier in the Middle Don region based on the analysis of the geographical location of the archaeological sites of the 9th—17th cc. The sites of Slavic Borshevskaya culture (the end of the I Millennium AD) are located in the lower reaches of the Voronezh river and on the right Bank of the Middle Don (Central Russian upland). The sites of the Saltov culture are located on the right bank of the Middle Don, to the North of the Tikhaya Sosna river. The left bank of the Middle Don (the Oka-Don plain, Kalacska hill) was not an area of active colonization by the bearers of the Borshevskaya and Saltov cultures.In 12th — first half 13th centurie, the Russian population is documented in the lower reaches of the Voronezh river, Semiluki area reaches of the Don. Polovtsian nomads used to camp on the right bank of the Middle Don and do not spread beyond the South of the Tikhaya Sosna river and on the left bank of the Middle Don to the Bityug river.In the Golden Horde period, the Russian population colonized the left bank of the Middle Don. There is archaeological evidence of the coexistence of different ethnic groups. Nomadic sites do not extend to the North of the Tikhaya Sosna river, on the right bank of the Don river, and the mouth of the Voronezh river, on the left bank.Belgorod defensive line reproduces the line formed by the fortified settlements of Slavic Borshevskaya cultures on the rivers Don and Voronezh, and fortified settlements of the Saltov-Mayaki culture on the Tikhaya Sosna river. The left bank of the Middle Don in the 17th century, just like in the time before that, was still the region of the original colonization by the Russian population.

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