Перформативная стратегия баллады в лирике Тютчева
Performative strategy of ballad in the lyrical poems of Tyutchev

Author(s): Walerij Tiupa
Subject(s): Semiotics / Semiology, Theoretical Linguistics, Applied Linguistics, Studies of Literature, Polish Literature, Other Language Literature, Philology
Published by: Wydawnictwa Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego
Keywords: lyrical poetry; genre; ballad; performative; strategy; Tyutchev
Summary/Abstract: The paper proposes an invariant approach to the study of lyrical genres. Lyrical poem is viewed as a principally performative speech act. Behind the variety of lyrical discourses, a historically stable performative strategy is uncovered. In the case of the genre of ballad, for which narrativity is an optional element – if widely popular in the poetry of Romanticism – such a basic strategy is that of anxiety. This contention is supported by analysis of Tyutchev’s early anarrative ballads. In such poems the lyrical subject finds himself in the situation of “double existence”, at the border between two worlds: the diurnal one and the nocturnal one, the joyful one and the terrific one, the live one and the dead one. Still, what we face here is not a traditional romantic double-worldedness, but a kind of a counterpoint, a “strained” meta-unity. The conscience of the ballad-type lyrical subject is a catastrophic conscience of someone to be sacrificed. In Tyutchev’s anarrative ballads such a conscience is not masked by a fantastic plot, but presented in its pure form.

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