Transylvanian Review
Transylvanian Review
Publishing House: Academia Română – Centrul de Studii Transilvane
Subject(s): Cultural history, Diplomatic history, Economic history, History of ideas, Local History / Microhistory, Military history, Political history, Middle Ages, Modern Age, Recent History (1900 till today), Special Historiographies:, Demography and human biology, Book-Review, Ethnic Minorities Studies
Frequency: 6 issues
Print ISSN: 1221-1249
Status: Active
- 2015
- 2016
- 2017
- 2018
- 2019
- 2020
- 2021
- 2022
- 2023
- 2024
- Issue No. 01/XXIV
- Issue No. 01/XXV
- Issue No. 02/XXV
- Issue No. 03/XXV
- Issue No. 04/XXV
- Issue No. Suppl 2/XXV
- Issue No. Suppl.1/XXV
- Issue No. 01/XXVI
- Issue No. 02/XXVI
- Issue No. 03/XXVI
- Issue No. 04/XXVI
- Issue No. Suppl 2/XXVI
- Issue No. 01/XXVII
- Issue No. 02/XXVII
- Issue No. 04/XXVII
- Issue No. 3/XXVII
- Issue No. Suppl 1/XXVII
- Issue No. Suppl 2/XXVII
- Issue No. 01/XXVIII
- Issue No. 2/XXVIII
- Issue No. 3/XXVIII
- Issue No. Suppl. 1/XXVIII
- Issue No. 1/XXIX
- Issue No. 2/XXIX
- Issue No. 3/XXIX
- Issue No. 4/XXIX
- Issue No. 1/XXX
- Issue No. 2/XXX
- Issue No. 3/XXX
- Issue No. 4/XXX
- Issue No. Suppl. 1/XXX
- Issue No. Suppl. 2/XXX
- Issue No. 1/XXXI
- Issue No. 2/XXXI
- Issue No. 3/XXXI
- Issue No. 4/XXXI
- Issue No. 1/XXXII
- Issue No. 2/XXXII
- Issue No. 3/XXXII
- Issue No. 4/XXXII
- Issue No. Suppl. 1/XXXII
- Issue No. Suppl. 2/XXXII
- Issue No. 1/XXXIII
- Issue No. 2/XXXIII
- Issue No. 3/XXXIII
- Issue No. Suppl. 1/XXXIII
Articles list
Cosmopolitanism and Nationalism, the Foundations of Romanian Sovereigntism in the 19th Century
Cosmopolitanism and Nationalism, the Foundations of Romanian Sovereigntism in the 19th Century
(Cosmopolitanism and Nationalism, the Foundations of Romanian Sovereigntism in the 19th Century)
- Publication: (Suppl. 1/XXXIII/2024)
- Author(s): Cristi Pantelimon
- Contributor(s):
- Language: English
- Subject(s): Cultural history, Diplomatic history, Political history, Social history, 19th Century
- Issue: Suppl. 1/XXXIII/2024
- Page Range: 9-26
- No. of Pages: 18
- Keywords: sovereigntism; nationalism; cosmopolitanism; form without substance; industrialization;
- Summary/Abstract: Nineteenth century Romanian sovereigntism begins, seemingly contradictorily, with a cosmopolitan philosophy, subordinate to the Enlightenment, where nationalism, which is not missing from its composition, entails, besides love for one’s own nation, love for other nations as well. This nationalist-cosmopolitan philosophy will be gradually replaced, after the mid–19th century, by a type of nationalism with an economic foundation, in the European spirit of the time, dominated by Friedrich List’s design of economic nationalism. Even List’s (who does not permanently give up on the cosmopolitanism typical of the Enlightenment) economic nationalism will be abandoned by the Romanian authors of the time, in favour of a strictly sovereigntist view, in the spirit of a very clearly delineated, very modern and applied economic nationalism.
Representation Structures of Aromanian Communities at the Beginning of the 20th Century: Communities and Ephorates
Representation Structures of Aromanian Communities at the Beginning of the 20th Century: Communities and Ephorates
(Representation Structures of Aromanian Communities at the Beginning of the 20th Century: Communities and Ephorates)
- Publication: (Suppl. 1/XXXIII/2024)
- Author(s): Emanuil Ineoan
- Contributor(s):
- Language: English
- Subject(s): Cultural history, Museology & Heritage Studies, Political history, Social history, Politics and Identity
- Issue: Suppl. 1/XXXIII/2024
- Page Range: 27-38
- No. of Pages: 12
- Keywords: Aromanians; Balkans; Greece; communities; identity survival;
- Summary/Abstract: At the beginning of the 20th century, Aromanians from the Balkans began to organize themselves in a series of associations with a schooling and church-related role called “Romanian communities.” They were led by a council called an ephorate, a structure very common in the Ottoman era. Through this mechanism of the ephorates, the recognized Christian millets (only Greek at first, then Bulgarian, etc.) were allowed a form of autonomous organization through which they could preserve their socio-cultural interests. In the summer of 1904, there were already 56 such communities south of the Danube, inspired by the model of the one in Thessaloniki. These were later recognized by the Ottoman state, these “Romanian communities in Turkey” thus receiving a legal basis. It must be stated that these were spontaneous organizations, which appeared without the interference of interested state actors in the area. Their self-identification as “Romanian communities” is relevant to their ethnic self-perception. This study aims to analyses the way in which these associative bodies were formed, their leaders and community role, which had a major impact in the cultural-identity dynamism of the Aromanians.
Nicolae Titulescu between Diplomatic Excellence and the Pitfalls of Domestic Politics
Nicolae Titulescu between Diplomatic Excellence and the Pitfalls of Domestic Politics
(Nicolae Titulescu between Diplomatic Excellence and the Pitfalls of Domestic Politics)
- Publication: (Suppl. 1/XXXIII/2024)
- Author(s): George Damian Mocanu
- Contributor(s):
- Language: English
- Subject(s): Governance, Diplomatic history, Political history, Social history, Geopolitics
- Issue: Suppl. 1/XXXIII/2024
- Page Range: 39-49
- No. of Pages: 11
- Keywords: Nicolae Titulescu; diplomacy; Romania; interwar politics; European treaties; Bessarabia;
- Summary/Abstract: Nicolae Titulescu (1882–1941) had a turbulent career, in Bucharest and on the European diplomatic scene, even though he always searched for a mutual understanding and tried to avoid conflicts. After his fall from grace and banishment from Romanian politics, Titulescu was almost forgotten until his memory became a symbol for Romanian diplomacy. His legacy is that of an extremely active diplomat, an important presence at European level, defined by insistence, imagination, and argumentative precision. Unfortunately, the diplomatic structure built by Titulescu could not withstand the revisionist pressures in Europe.
Elements for the History of the Romanian Peasant’s Sociological Profile: A Parallel between the Interwar and the Communist Periods
Elements for the History of the Romanian Peasant’s Sociological Profile: A Parallel between the Interwar and the Communist Periods
(Elements for the History of the Romanian Peasant’s Sociological Profile: A Parallel between the Interwar and the Communist Periods)
- Publication: (Suppl. 1/XXXIII/2024)
- Author(s): Narcis Rupe
- Contributor(s):
- Language: English
- Subject(s): Cultural history, Political history, Social history, Interwar Period (1920 - 1939), History of Communism
- Issue: Suppl. 1/XXXIII/2024
- Page Range: 51-61
- No. of Pages: 11
- Keywords: Romanian peasantry; interwar period; communist period; Weber’s ideal type; social history;
- Summary/Abstract: Since the modern era, one of the significant processes of Romanian history has been the ebb and flow of peasants between village and town. During the interwar period, the “ideal type” of the Romanian peasant was established, studied by the Bucharest Sociological School, founded by Dimitrie Gusti (1880–1955), and presented in the contemporary literature. The communist regime installed in Romania after World War II forced the peasants to give up their “peasantness,” proletarianizing them and compelling to settle en masse in the cities to provide the labor needed for the country’s forcible industrialization. It was in this context that the collectivized peasant and the peasant-worker appeared, with their differences from the interwar “ideal type.”
Gusti’s School of Sociology: The Social Science of Anton Golopenția As an Imperative for Today’s Understanding
Gusti’s School of Sociology: The Social Science of Anton Golopenția As an Imperative for Today’s Understanding
(Gusti’s School of Sociology: The Social Science of Anton Golopenția As an Imperative for Today’s Understanding)
- Publication: (Suppl. 1/XXXIII/2024)
- Author(s): Radu Baltasiu
- Contributor(s):
- Language: English
- Subject(s): Social history, Social development, Social Theory, Sociology of Culture, Sociology of Politics
- Issue: Suppl. 1/XXXIII/2024
- Page Range: 63-83
- No. of Pages: 21
- Keywords: Anton Golopenþia; Dimitrie Gusti; geopolitics; administration; sociology;
- Summary/Abstract: Discussing Anton Golopentia’s contributions to social science, I am proposing an enquiry on the sociology of sociology and social history. There are several themes: Golopentia’s place in the Romanian School of Sociology, the issues of state, sociology and history, and the new sciences of geopolitics and public administration he developed. I also outline a brief biography showing the tremendous energy and the extensive cultural grasp of Anton Golopentia.
National Education As Part of the Science of Administration: The Perspective of Anton Golopenția
National Education As Part of the Science of Administration: The Perspective of Anton Golopenția
(National Education As Part of the Science of Administration: The Perspective of Anton Golopenția)
- Publication: (Suppl. 1/XXXIII/2024)
- Author(s): Ovidiana Bulumac, Alin Bulumac
- Contributor(s):
- Language: English
- Subject(s): Governance, Public Administration, Social development, Social Theory, Geopolitics
- Issue: Suppl. 1/XXXIII/2024
- Page Range: 85-91
- No. of Pages: 8
- Keywords: nation; education; administration; applied sociology; autochthonization;
- Summary/Abstract: The strength of a nation lies in how it chooses (and succeeds) to guide its youth, that is, to secure its future. Overcoming periods of crisis, the preservation of the national potential and the development of a nation directly depend on the administrative science that a state adopts and implements, as well as on the quality of the professionals involved in this system. The concern of Anton Golopentia (1909–1951), a close collaborator of Professor Dimitrie Gusti (1880–1955), for administrative science also entailed theorizing on the science of education, a vital dimension for the future of any nation. Determined to identify the flaws of the education system of his time, Golopentia is one of the Romanian thinkers who managed to provide not only an honest analysis, but also a series of guidelines for a reform of national education.
The Magical Matriarchy of the Interwar Romanian Village: Ștefania Cristescu-Golopenția’s Conception
The Magical Matriarchy of the Interwar Romanian Village: Ștefania Cristescu-Golopenția’s Conception
(The Magical Matriarchy of the Interwar Romanian Village: Ștefania Cristescu-Golopenția’s Conception)
- Publication: (Suppl. 1/XXXIII/2024)
- Author(s): Corina Bistriceanu Pantelimon
- Contributor(s):
- Language: English
- Subject(s): Gender Studies, Cultural history, Social history, Interwar Period (1920 - 1939)
- Issue: Suppl. 1/XXXIII/2024
- Page Range: 93-110
- No. of Pages: 18
- Keywords: Stefania Cristescu-Golopenþia; Dimitrie Gusti; Bucharest School of Sociology; household; magic; femininity;
- Summary/Abstract: Although she has written fewer works than her colleagues with whom she collaborated in researching the spiritual manifestations of rural civilization in Romania (I. I. Ionicã, E. Bernea, D. C. Amzãr), Stefania Cristescu-Golopentia (1908–1978) is, from our perspective, one of the most original authors of the Bucharest School of Sociology. Her main contributions focus on 1) the study of magic as a natural phenomenon in rural social life, 2) profiling the most influential magical agents of traditional society (in the role of the old woman, as the most powerful among them), thereby redistributing the structuring forces of this society from customary patriarchy towards a complementarity of legitimate feminine and masculine authorities of the community, and finally, 3) redefining the sociological unity of the family through the concept of household, an almost autarkic entity of social existence.
Globalization and the Alienation of Man: An Analysis Based Upon Jacques Ellul’s Sociology of Technique
Globalization and the Alienation of Man: An Analysis Based Upon Jacques Ellul’s Sociology of Technique
(Globalization and the Alienation of Man: An Analysis Based Upon Jacques Ellul’s Sociology of Technique)
- Publication: (Suppl. 1/XXXIII/2024)
- Author(s): Mihail M. Ungheanu
- Contributor(s):
- Language: English
- Subject(s): Social Theory, Sociobiology, Globalization
- Issue: Suppl. 1/XXXIII/2024
- Page Range: 111-120
- No. of Pages: 10
- Keywords: globalization; tyranny; technocracy; geopolitics;
- Summary/Abstract: The whole world finds itself in the era dubbed the Technetronic Era by Zbigniew Brzezinski. This is the era of globalization and of the expansion of a model of society based on technology and the dominion of the market. But it is more than that. It is the era of the technical society, of the absorption of human existence into what Jacques Ellul called the “technical system.” This is a process that is driven by the trend toward homogeneity, towards the absorption into the monad, a process that equals a kind of death. The technique, as Ellul puts it, is one the most important spiritual issues of modernity and is a factor that leads humanity into a totalitarian, despotic nightmare under the guise of the common good and the banner of saving the planet
The Young Generation, a Brief Historical Parallel: The “Generation with a Mission” Described by Motru–Vulcănescu–Gusti vs. Today’s “Victimized Generation”
The Young Generation, a Brief Historical Parallel: The “Generation with a Mission” Described by Motru–Vulcănescu–Gusti vs. Today’s “Victimized Generation”
(The Young Generation, a Brief Historical Parallel: The “Generation with a Mission” Described by Motru–Vulcănescu–Gusti vs. Today’s “Victimized Generation”)
- Publication: (Suppl. 1/XXXIII/2024)
- Author(s): Samira Cîrlig
- Contributor(s):
- Language: English
- Subject(s): Sociobiology, Sociology of Culture, Welfare services, Globalization
- Issue: Suppl. 1/XXXIII/2024
- Page Range: 121-136
- No. of Pages: 16
- Keywords: generation; snowflake generation; mission; social will;
- Summary/Abstract: The present paper addresses the issue of the young generation in a comparative manner, considering two broad typologies: the generation with a mission, described by Constantin RãdulescuMotru (1868–1957), Dimitrie Gusti (1880–1955) and Mircea Vulcãnescu (1904–1952) on the one hand, and today’s “victimized generation,” which specialists approach under the conceptual umbrella of “snowflake generation” and which is referred to in this article as “victimized generation” or “self-absorbed generation.” To achieve our goal, we first clarify from a theoretical point of view what the two typologies mean for the mentioned authors, and then we turn to some relevant theories in the field, both classical and contemporary. Last but not least, we provide some statistical data illustrating the dimension of the phenomenon we are studying. This material aims to show that the young generation, understood as a vehicle of identity, is about to lose its historical mission through the minimization of social will (in the service of the other) and the exacerbation of blind ambition (centered on the self).
Romania: Geographical Location and Geo-Climatic Characteristics
Romania: Geographical Location and Geo-Climatic Characteristics
(Romania: Geographical Location and Geo-Climatic Characteristics)
- Publication: (Suppl. 1/XXXIII/2024)
- Author(s): Camelia Ina Gavra, Ileana Cristina, Vasiliță Crăciun, Călin Dorin Petric
- Contributor(s):
- Language: English
- Subject(s): Historical Geography, Environmental Geography, Applied Geography, Environmental interactions
- Issue: Suppl. 1/XXXIII/2024
- Page Range: 139-168
- No. of Pages: 30
- Keywords: cultural landscape; evolution; historical stages; transformation; genesis;
- Summary/Abstract: Historical moments, defining for the development of human society, were thresholds in the evolution of the cultural landscape, seen as a result of human intervention in the environment. Thus, although in the case of the Romanian territory the human occupation dates as far back as the Paleolithic period, the most eloquent actions in the natural environment started with the Neolithic period (the moment of transition to sedentary habitation), gradually increasing until today. The cultural landscape varies according to the various social activities related mainly to current needs, existing resources, and the global/regional historical and social evolution. The cultural elements, mainly material, preserved until now, reveal the social evolution, the way and the progressive degree of culturalization of the natural environment, as well as the complexity of the determining factors shaping unique cultural landscapes. Therefore, the present study follows in parallel the genesis and evolution of the cultural landscape by presenting the significant historical events in the appearance and evolution of habitation on the current territory of Romania.
Die Umsetzung der Waldordnung 1781 im Südosten Siebenbürgen
Die Umsetzung der Waldordnung 1781 im Südosten Siebenbürgen
(The Implementation of the Forest Order in 1781 in Southeastern Transylvania)
- Publication: (Suppl. 1/XXXIII/2024)
- Author(s): Dorin-Ioan Rus
- Contributor(s):
- Language: German
- Subject(s): Energy and Environmental Studies, Historical Geography, Environmental Geography, Applied Geography, 18th Century
- Issue: Suppl. 1/XXXIII/2024
- Page Range: 169-193
- No. of Pages: 25
- Keywords: clearcutting system; forestry; oaks; rangers; forest management and conservation of forests;
- Summary/Abstract: The aim of this article was to analyze how the forest order was implemented in 1781 in the wooded areas of southeastern Transylvania, which aspects of the Forest Act were taken into account, and what were the limits of its implementation. In some districts, it was not necessary to introduce the clearcutting system, since there was enough forested land. Most of the problems concerned the prohibition of cattle in the forests, followed by the employment of forest rangers and cattle herders. The implementation highlighted the importance of oak trees. The Austro–Turkish war of 1788 prevented the full implementation of the forestry plans.
Le cadre historico-géographique des Trois Sièges au XVIIIe siècle et dans la première moitié du XIXe siècle
Le cadre historico-géographique des Trois Sièges au XVIIIe siècle et dans la première moitié du XIXe siècle
(The Historical-Geographical Framework of Háromszék in the 18th Century and the First Half of the 19th Century)
- Publication: (Suppl. 1/XXXIII/2024)
- Author(s): Tatiana Scurtu
- Contributor(s):
- Language: French
- Subject(s): Regional Geography, Historical Geography, Applied Geography, 18th Century, 19th Century
- Issue: Suppl. 1/XXXIII/2024
- Page Range: 195-201
- No. of Pages: 7
- Keywords: Transylvania; Székely seats; Háromszék; Eastern Carpathians;
- Summary/Abstract: Háromszék (Trei Scaune, Three Seats) was one of the Székely (Szekler) seats and counties, an administrative unit of the historical Székely Land (Székelyföld, Szeklerland, Terra Siculorum). The presentation of the historical and geographical framework of the Intra-Carpathian Arc area reveals the main characteristics and useful information on the influence of all factors (historical development, position, relief, climate, hydrography, vegetation and fauna) on the economic and social life of the localities and on the main occupations of the inhabitants. The life of the Romanians in eastern Transylvania was strongly marked by the extensive process of Magyarization, which took place over several centuries. A specific feature of the Romanian communities in the former seat and county of Háromszék is the small number of members. In such circumstances, the preservation and affirmation of the Romanian national identity was ensured both through their own forces, but also thanks to the solidarity of the Romanians from the entire Romanian area with the Romanians from the Intra-Carpathian Arc, through the support given to the main identity institutions: church, school, culture.
Implementing Forestry Policy in Transylvania in the First Years After the Great Union
Implementing Forestry Policy in Transylvania in the First Years After the Great Union
(Implementing Forestry Policy in Transylvania in the First Years After the Great Union)
- Publication: (Suppl. 1/XXXIII/2024)
- Author(s): Georgiana Ciceo, Nicoleta Dorina RACOLȚA-PAINA
- Contributor(s):
- Language: English
- Subject(s): Energy and Environmental Studies, Sociology of Culture, Environmental interactions, Sociology of Politics, Socio-Economic Research
- Issue: Suppl. 1/XXXIII/2024
- Page Range: 203-219
- No. of Pages: 17
- Keywords: forestry policy; forest economy; forest governance; Transylvania;
- Summary/Abstract: This paper aims to analyze the main problems raised by the implementation of the forestry policy in Transylvania during the first years after the Great Union of 1918, considering the distinct experience that this Romanian province had had before that moment. The purpose of this scientific endeavor is to identify the main forestry policy actions that were taken, the difficulties generated by their enactment, and then, by comparison, to evaluate the extent to which these problems could be solved more or less reasonably through political and legislative decisions of the Romanian authorities. We therefore aim to conduct an analysis of the governing manner in the field of forestry policy from the perspective of the processes and changes that took place throughout the period analyzed. This scientific inquiry is meant to assess the stability and coherence of the forestry policy against the background of the necessity to integrate regions with entirely different traditions and experience.
Silviu Dragomir and the Monographs of the Leaders of the Revolution of 1848–1849
Silviu Dragomir and the Monographs of the Leaders of the Revolution of 1848–1849
(Silviu Dragomir and the Monographs of the Leaders of the Revolution of 1848–1849)
- Publication: (Suppl. 1/XXXIII/2024)
- Author(s): Sorin Șipoș
- Contributor(s):
- Language: English
- Subject(s): Cultural history, Social history, 19th Century
- Issue: Suppl. 1/XXXIII/2024
- Page Range: 204-227
- No. of Pages: 24
- Keywords: Silviu Dragomir; Revolution of 1848–1849; Transylvania; historical monographs;
- Summary/Abstract: In a broad sense, the studies published Silviu Dragomir (1888–1962) in the third decade of the last century outlined the directions of the future synthesis on the revolution. Based on largely unpublished documentary material, the contributions were a modern approach to the revolutionary movement. Along with the revolutionary program, Dragomir highlighted the fights in Transylvania and the emotional turmoil, the hopes and the disappointments that marked the Transylvanian revolutionaries. Through his innovative approach, our historian has written a remarkable page in the historiography of the problem. Until then, no one had more clearly noticed the rise and belief in justice of the generation of young revolutionaries in Transylvania, as well as the fact that freedom could be conquered at that moment only with the sword. The historian emphasized the essence of the political program devised by the 1848 generation, where the national principle was the quintessence of the entire revolutionary movement. In this sense, he opposed the liberal doctrine promoted by the Hungarian revolutionaries, who were not willing to recognize the Romanian nation. Countless times Avram Iancu, Ioan Buteanu, and Constantin Romanul-Vivu declared that between the freedoms offered by the liberals and the recognition of the Romanian nation they preferred the recognition of the nation. The author noticed that Nicolae Bãlcescu, after knowing the realities in Transylvania, opted for maintaining the identity of the nation. Researching the revolutionary movement in Transylvania in a wider, central and south-eastern European context, Dragomir noticed the elements of unity in the political programs and in the action of the revolutionaries in all the provinces. At the same time, he revealed the emergence of the idea of the political unity of all Romanians in the heat of the revolution. This idea, timid at first, became more and more present in the political plans and in the actions of the revolutionaries as the true face of the policy promoted by the great empires was revealed. The historian noted that the Union of 1918 had its origins in the political program and the struggle of the Romanians in 1848–1849. In other words, this desideratum had been discussed by revolutionaries in 1848–1849. Then the goal was pursued from the generation of the revolution and the following ones until the accomplishment of the Union of 1918.
Elements of Identity in the Land of Vrancea: Perceptions and Capitalization Possibilities
Elements of Identity in the Land of Vrancea: Perceptions and Capitalization Possibilities
(Elements of Identity in the Land of Vrancea: Perceptions and Capitalization Possibilities)
- Publication: (Suppl. 1/XXXIII/2024)
- Author(s): Cristian-Nicolae Boțan, Silviu Florin Fonogea, Viorel Gligor, Csaba Horváth, Ion Horatiu Pavel
- Contributor(s):
- Language: English
- Subject(s): Cultural history, Museology & Heritage Studies, Customs / Folklore, Social history, Cultural Anthropology / Ethnology
- Issue: Suppl. 1/XXXIII/2024
- Page Range: 221-245
- No. of Pages: 25
- Keywords: Land of Vrancea; identity elements; Simion Mehedinti; Miorita ballad; legend of Vrâncioaia; promotion; capitalization;
- Summary/Abstract: The territorial personality of a region is composed of a plethora of elements and various interrelations, generated over time. The more profound and more prolonged the interaction between the human community and the territory it occupies, the better known will be those defining elements that give it its notoriety and identity. The analytical approach to identifying, understanding, prioritizing, promoting and capitalizing on the defining elements of a region is a topical issue in research, in various fields of science targeting the territory, among which regional geography is particularly noteworthy. The regional entities in the Romanian space, which deserve special attention from the perspective of regional identity and of how identity elements can help increase the notoriety of a region and its development, are those known as “lands.” Of the 18 regions thus defined, a special place, given its personality and the multitude of interrelationships established over time between the human community (Vrancea) and the territory assumed for habitation, is held by the Land of Vrancea, positioned in the curvature area of the Carpathian arch. This paper aims to identify the main elements which underlie the construction of the identity of the region in question and their ranking from the perspective of their regional importance. Thus, the analytical approach aims at identifying and prioritizing the territorial brands of Vrancea, drawing both on the existing literature (related to several fields of knowledge) and on the perceptions of regional community representatives (following the application of a questionnaire and the analysis of answers). A correct radiography and an understanding of the importance of the defining elements of identity for the Land of Vrancea facilitates their promotion, as they can become real “drivers” of the development of the region in question and those nearby. The identity elements of Vrancea are diverse, including elements specific to the natural setting (e.g., Putna waterfall), significant local personalities (e.g., Simion Mehedinti), and literary elements (e.g., the Miorita ballad) or with a legendary character (e.g., the legend of Vrâncioaia). Our material is intended to be a helpful tool both for readers knowledgeable in the field of regional geography and for the local and county public authorities, the latter having the duty to invest in the elements that can contribute to the development of the region and increase living standards for the local and regional community.
Intégration économique et développement régional en Roumanie. Étude de cas: la Transylvanie
Intégration économique et développement régional en Roumanie. Étude de cas: la Transylvanie
(Regional Development in Romania: A Case Study: Transylvania)
- Publication: (Suppl. 1/XXXIII/2024)
- Author(s): Sevgi Ineci
- Contributor(s):
- Language: French
- Subject(s): Cultural history, National Economy, Micro-Economics, Economic history, Political history, Special Historiographies:, Socio-Economic Research
- Issue: Suppl. 1/XXXIII/2024
- Page Range: 247-260
- No. of Pages: 14
- Keywords: economic history; recent economic history of Romania; Transylvania; regional development;
- Summary/Abstract: The European Union’s enlargement toward the East has been one of the greatest challenges in the history of European integration, since its founding in 1957. The difficulty of this integration from East to West lies in the progress that needs to be achieved by the candidate countries. By the end of the 1990s, the member states of the Community had already gradually completed the Customs Union, the Single Market, the Common Foreign and Security Policy, and also the stages of the Monetary Union. The countries of Central and Eastern Europe were quite far from all these reforms carried out within the Community. Romania, like the nine other ceecs, differs considerably from the eu members states in an economic, political, social and cultural sense. This study discusses the role of economic integration in reducing inequalities in Romania, especially in Transylvania.
Zeta Under the Balšić Dynasty and the Ottoman Empire (1385–1421)
Zeta Under the Balšić Dynasty and the Ottoman Empire (1385–1421)
(Zeta Under the Balšić Dynasty and the Ottoman Empire (1385–1421))
- Publication: (Suppl. 1/XXXIII/2024)
- Author(s): Marijan Premović, Abidin Temizer, Teodora Stanković
- Contributor(s):
- Language: English
- Subject(s): Cultural history, Political history, Social history, 13th to 14th Centuries, 15th Century, The Ottoman Empire
- Issue: Suppl. 1/XXXIII/2024
- Page Range: 263-278
- No. of Pages: 16
- Keywords: Zeta; Balšić; Ottoman Empire; Venice; Albania;
- Summary/Abstract: In this paper, the authors analyse the political relationships between Zeta during the Balšić dynasty and the Ottoman Empire, from 1385 to 1421. The research is based on an analysis of unpublished material from the State Archive in Dubrovnik, Ottoman sources, published documents from the Venetian Archive. This paper aims to highlight the close ties between Zeta and the Ottoman Empire. In the introduction, the authors summarise the general information about Zeta’s Balšić dynasty, the beginning of their rule, and the territories they ruled. A particular focus is given to the first documented contact between the Balšić and the Ottomans in 1385 and the vassal relationship of Đurađ II (1385–1403). The paper analyses their political relationships, and the frequency of their references in the sources, providing concrete examples of Đurađ II’s vassal relationship to the Ottomans, as well as the reasons for the temporary suspension of their political ties. The role of Venice, which was politically very interested in the Southern Adriatic, is also discussed. In the second part of the paper, the central focus of the research is laid on the rule of Balša III (1403–1421) and his vassal relationship and military cooperation with the Ottomans in the fight against Venice. The information, supported by sources that Balša III was an Ottoman vassal from 1405 to 1421, is presented in chronological order, providing specific examples of their cooperation. At the end of the paper, the authors try to determine the amount of tax paid by the Zeta rulers to the Ottoman sultans.
The Construction and Interpretation of a Dataset with the Teachers of the Beiuș High School (1828–1928)
The Construction and Interpretation of a Dataset with the Teachers of the Beiuș High School (1828–1928)
(The Construction and Interpretation of a Dataset with the Teachers of the Beiuș High School (1828–1928))
- Publication: (Suppl. 1/XXXIII/2024)
- Author(s): Alexandru-Augustin Haiduc
- Contributor(s):
- Language: English
- Subject(s): Cultural history, Social history, History of Education, State/Government and Education, Interwar Period (1920 - 1939), Sociology of Education
- Issue: Suppl. 1/XXXIII/2024
- Page Range: 279-294
- No. of Pages: 16
- Keywords: datasets; Beius; high school; secondary education;
- Summary/Abstract: Based on the available sources on the teachers employed at the Beius High School between 1828 and 1928, a database-like dataset with information on their birth, families, education, teaching periods, previous, simultaneous, and subsequent occupations was developed. In order to efficiently manage the information on the teachers’ occupations, I assigned each occupation a code specific to the historical classification schemes, namely, hisco, hisclass, and hiscam. Employing the aforementioned tools, this study tracks the teachers’ localities of origin and the establishments in which they frequently studied, as well as other trends observed in the long term. The appeal of the Beius teaching occupation and the extent to which it was a long-term occupation or a mere gateway to other positions is also the subject of this study. Moreover, the phenomenon of priestly dynasties is examined. The article aims to answer to what extent priestly dynasties or certain inter- and intragenerational patterns of occupational change can be observed.
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Scientific periodical of the Center for Transylvanian Studies, the Transylvanian Review quarterly is published exclusively in widely spoken languages (English, French, German, Italian) and regularly sent to nearly 200 Romanian and foreign libraries.
Transylvanian Review is indexed by Thomson Reuters and EBSCO, and accredited by CNCS.
Transylvanian Review comes to continue the tradition of the Revue de Transylvanie (1934-1944), founded by historian Silviu Dragomir, initially published in Cluj and then in Sibiu during World War II. After a long period of absence coinciding with the communist era, the review was revived in 1991.
Transylvanian Review features studies, articles, debates and book reviews pertaining to various cultural fields, with direct reference to Transylvania, seen as a multicultural space of ethnic, linguistic, religious contacts.
