Publisher: Múlt és Jövő

The Bible and the Jewish Science

Szentírás és zsidó tudomány

Author(s): Vilmos Bacher / Language(s): Hungarian

Keywords: Bible;

Wilhelm Bacher (January 12, 1850–1913) was a Hungarian scholar, Orientalist, and linguist. In 1877, he was appointed by the Hungarian government to the professorship of the newly created Landesrabbinerschule of Budapest and remained as teacher of the Biblical sciences and Jewish history. The congregation of Pest appointed Bacher director of the Talmud-Torah School in 1885. In 1884 Bacher and Joseph Bánóczi founded the review “Magyar Zsidó Szemle” (Hungarian Jewish Review), which they conjointly edited during the first seven years. In 1894 he assisted in founding the “Izraelita Magyar Irodalmi Társulat” (The Israelite Hungarian Literary Society). This society instituted a new translation of the Bible into Hungarian - the first complete translation due solely to Jewish initiative. The first five volumes of year-books of the society were edited by Bacher in conjunction with F. Mezey and afterward with D. Bánóczi.

The 1848-49 Freedom Fight and the Hungarian Jews

A negyvennyolcas magyar szabadságharc és a zsidók

Author(s): Béla Bernstein / Language(s): Hungarian

Keywords: Hungarian Jews; 1848-49; freedom fight

One of his main work, the report of the participation of the Jews in the Hungarian Freedom Fight against the Habsburg Empire 1848-1849, is still sets the standard in the research of Hungarian Jewish history. Béla Bernstein, Hungarian rabbi and author; was graduated as Ph.D. at Leipsic, 1890, and as rabbi at the Budapest Seminary in 1893; since 1894 has officiated as rabbi at Szombathely (Stein-am-Anger). He published "Die Schrifterklärung des Bachja ben Ascher," Berlin, 1891, and collaborated in a Hungarian translation of the Pentateuch, published by the Jewish Hungarian Literary Society, 1898. A monograph upon the Hungarian Revolution and the Jews was also published in Hungarian by the same association in 1898; "Die Toleranztaxe der Juden in Ungarn," Breslau, 1901.

The Jews and the World Civilization

Zsidók és a világkultúra

Author(s): Lajos Blau / Language(s): Hungarian

Keywords: Hebrew books;Bible and literature;Bible study; angel science; Jewish holiday; Talmud; Jewish history; Rabbinical School

Lajos Blau (April 29, 1861–1936; German: Ludwig Blau) was a Hungarian scholar and publicist born at Putnok, Hungary, and educated at three different yeshibot, among them that of Presburg, and at the Landesrabbinerschule in Budapest (1880-88). He studied philosophy and Orientalia at the Budapest University, received there the degree of Ph.D. cum laude in 1887, and the rabbinical diploma in 1888. In 1887 Blau became teacher of the Talmud at the Landesrabbinerschule, in 1888 substitute, and in 1889 professor of the Bible, the Hebrew and Aramaic languages, and the Talmud. Beginning in 1899 he was also librarian and tutor in Jewish history. He was in 1902 president of the folklore section of the Jewish-Hungarian Literary Society, and editor of the Magyar Zsidó Szemle (Hungarian Jewish Review). He died in 1936.

On the Border of Two Worlds

Két világ határán

Author(s): György Haraszti / Language(s): Hungarian

Keywords: Hungarian-Jewish history writing; Jewish migration into Hungary;Hungarian Jewry in 1848;

György Haraszti is an outstanding member of the middle-aged generation of historians. The articles in this book investigate the milestones along the symbiotic process of co-existence of Jews and Hungarians during the 1000 years of Hungarian history. This collection contains his writings of the last ten years on the shared Jewish-Hungarian history. He draws on the latest findings of Hungarian and international historical research, and he also takes a new approach to 18th-century Jewish migration into Hungary, the social structure of Hungarian Jewry in 1848, and the question of the much-debated migration from Galicia. The closing essay surveys the problems of Hungarian-Jewish history writing.

Speeches by Lipót Löw

Löw Lipót beszédei

Author(s): Lipót (Leopold) Löw / Language(s): Hungarian

Keywords: homily; Jewish culture; history;Jewish in Hungary;

Lipót (Leopold) Löw (1811-1875) , Hungarian rabbi was the foremost preacher of Hungary, and was invited to participate in nearly all the patriotic celebrations and synagogal dedications. The Jewish education throughout Hungary owed much to him.

After breaking traditions

Hagyományszakadás után

Author(s): János Kőbányai / Language(s): Hungarian

Keywords: Jew in today’s Hungary;Jewish culture; Hungarian-Jewish culture;literature;philosophia

Most of the essays in this collection have been first published in the periodical Múlt és Jövő (Past and Future). The author deals with the question: What does it mean to be a Jew in today’s Hungary. He analyses the past experiences and values and takes as example the biography and lifework of Sándor Scheiber, Aladár Komlós, Károly Pap, Imre Ámos - and as contemporary Ágnes Heller.

The Jewish Emancipation in Hungary in 1849. The Hungarian Jewish Emancipation Law with Original Documents

A zsidóemancipáció Magyarországon 1849-ben. Az 1849-es magyar zsidó emancipációs törvény és ismeretlen iratai

Author(s): Ambrus Miskolczy / Language(s): Hungarian

In Transition. Four Years in the History of the Zionist Movement in Hungary (1945-1949)

Átmenetben - A cionista mozgalom négy éve Magyarországon (1945-1949)

Author(s): Attila Novák / Language(s): Hungarian

Keywords: Zionist Movement; Hungary;

In his book Attila Novák describes and analyses the history of the Zionist Movement in Hungary after the Second World War, as part of one of the most dynamic and successful modern political movements of the Jews in the 20th century. The author highlights various perspectives, a.o. the characteristics of this movement resulting from the Hungarian and Central-East European political and social situations.

Ordinary History Lesson on Holocaust

Rendhagyó történelemóra a holokausztról

Author(s): Ferenc Glatz,Árpád Göncz,Mária Ormos,Mihály Márkus / Language(s): Hungarian

The Last Expulsion of the Jews from Vienna and Lower-Austria

A zsidók utolsó kiűzése Bécsből és Alsó-Ausztriából

Author(s): Dávid Kaufmann / Language(s): Hungarian

David Kaufmann’s most important historical monograph "Die Letzte Vertreibung der Juden aus Wien, Ihre Vorgeschichte (1625-70) und Ihre Opfer" (Vienna, 1889; also in Hungarian) deals with the history of the Jews in Austria in the 17th century and provides also a deep outlook on the history of the Jews in the neighboring countries.

Jews in Contemporary Hungary

Zsidók a mai Magyarországon

Author(s): Róbert Angelusz,Róbert Tardos,András Kovács,János Ladányi,Tamás Stark / Language(s): Hungarian

The studies in the volume give a multi-layered sociological portrayal of Jewish survivors of the Holocaust who stayed in Hungary despite their experiences. The portrayal is based on concrete research and the “hard data” of a comprehensive survey. Such a thorough survey has never been undertaken before in Hungarian-Jewish history. The studies comprising the volume arose as the result of sociological research organised in 1999 by the Minority Research Institute of the Sociological Institute of ELTE University in Budapest. The various studies discuss, to a lesser or greater degree of emphasis, the Jewish populace or people of Jewish descent as a special group within the population. Through the dynamics of identity and difference, the authors (Róbert Angelusz, András Kovács, János Ladányi, Tamás Stark, Róbert Tardos) also examine the historical processes influencing the whole of society and determining the past half-century. Their inquiries cover the social and economic roles of Jews in contemporary Hungary, the factors establishing identity, and the broad range of its demographic and historical changes. The main question is, after all, the choice of identity; the possibility that arose after the change of political system has materialised, thus enabling social scientists to address openly the task of measuring Jewish identity and of interpreting the data received. We also publish all the associated statistical data, as well as the complete research material of the survey. In doing so, we offer to the academic and “interested” public a fundamental and standard work of social science and historiography.

My Life’s Histories

Életem történetei

Author(s): Meir Ábrahám Munk / Language(s): Hungarian

Keywords: 19th century in Hungary;

“Szipuréj korot hájáj“ - the autobiography of Meir Ávrahám Munk (Munk Adolf) ) (1830-1907) provides a rare insight into the Jewish life of the 19th century in Hungary. From the original Hebrew language translated by Simon Ardai and Miksa Fábián, Nagykanizsa, 1942 Preface and epilogue by Michael K. Silberis A unique document in the history of Hungarian Jewry. Few book-length autobiographies or memoirs written by Jews in nineteenth-century Hungary have come down to us, and Munk’s composition is additionally the only extant example of the genre to have been written in Hebrew.

Presence

Mutatkozás

Author(s): Éva Kovács,Júlia Vajda / Language(s): Hungarian

Keywords: Jewish identity; latent anti-Semitism;mixed mirrages;

The individual and collective identity of the Jews is a well-established subject of research in sociology, social psychology and social history. This book differs from other studies in exploring Jewish identity through the coexistence of Jews with non-Jews in Hungary. It presents the “Jewishness” of such individuals and families who live in mixed marriages, in which the Jewish origin of one party (be it public or secret) becomes a source of peculiar identities. Through coexistence, Jewishness acquires new meanings ranging from a more intense identity, through abandoning or changing Jewish identity, to self-hatred and latent anti-Semitism. The book examines the changing use of various Jewish symbols, rituals and objects (e.g., Star of David, circumcision, Menorah). It is the first study in Hungary, which deals with the “Jewish identity” of non-Jews, philo-Semitism and pseudo-Jewish identity in mixed marriages. Also, it strives to bring the traumas of the Shoah in public debate by analysing it from the perspective of coexistence. Thereby, the book presents the guilty conscience of the children and grandchildren of the perpetrators, which has not been analysed in Hungary yet. Finally, the rediscovery of Jewish identity, a process that also includes some distancing from that identity is examined in a biographical context – a novelty in Jewish Studies in Hungary as well.

Survivors and Restarters

Túlélők és újrakezdők

Author(s): Viktor Karády / Language(s): Hungarian

The reader holds in his hands an old/new book, the first version of which was published in 1984 in the now legendary Parisian workshop of liberal political émigrés, the Magyar Füzetek [Hungarian papers], under the editorship of Péter Kende. The present text, which has been re-edited, in part re-written, and supplemented and expanded with the findings of recent research, is the first part of a larger work about the sociology of Hungarian-Jewish survivors. The second part is to be published in a separate volume. The author has forged together statistical indicators, contemporary press articles, autobiographical reports, historical accounts, as well as his own entrance examination results and his experiences as a youth in a sociological system of indicators, in order to portray the collective image of Hungarian Jewish survivors of the Nazi genocide, as well as the trials of their fitting back into society. In separate subchapters, the book discusses the social reception, demography, class relations and (“upward” and “downward”) mobility of the “restarters”, the waves of anti-Semitism after 1945, the mobilising force of Zionism, the extent of emigration, forced assimilation under the Communists, and the possibilities and traps of integration.

The Price of Jób

Jób díja

Author(s): János Kőbányai / Language(s): Hungarian

Keywords: Imre Kertész; Nobel Prize;

Job’s Prize began as an epilogue to The Depths of the Man – an anthology of the writings of Imre Kertész published in the magazine Múlt és Jövő. It is a separate work and a supplement, the two works, separate, but together as one, aim at some kind of stereo effect. The editor of the magazine and compiler of the anthology János Kőbányai sought out the general narrative behind the life-work of the Nobel Prize-winner, what material constitutes the history from which Imre Kertész raised and unfurled his own “Fatelessness”. Four consecutive eras of Hungarian Jewish history form the meta-narrative of this extraordinary achievement and its reception: the rapid but poorly founded Jewish assimilation of the Reform era and the reserved manner of acceptance; then the collapse of this process about a century later, or the Hungarian Holocaust so peculiar; followed by a period of enforced amnesia, that denied Jews any integrated form of identity; finally, contemporary times after the political change, which in the field of everyday politics tried to rewrite the Hungarian narrative, or in Kőbányai’s words: “to remove the actors from the stage”. This is the background to the birth of the work of Kertész and the failure to accept it in Hungary, but also to the generous reception of the novel all over the world, unprecedented in the annals of Hungarian literature since Janus Pannonius. In the second part, the author analyses the startled reception in Hungary of Kertész’s Nobel Prize and the intellectual discourse as it evolved in its wake.

The First Day

Az első nap

Author(s): Sándor Bacskai / Language(s): Hungarian

Keywords: Jewish orthodoxy; Hungary in the 19th, 20th century; concentration camp;concentration camp memoirs;

Sándor Bacskai´s „The First Day“ – as the first volume – begins with the golden age of the Jewish orthodoxy and ends in the time of returning from the forced labor camps, concentration camps.

There is no longer need for the Cock amongst the Peoples, and thus they are Slaughtered by them to the Scapegoat

Már nincs többé szükség a kakasra a népek között, és így levágják őket bűnbaknak.

Author(s): Ernő Domán / Language(s): Hungarian

Keywords: Buchenwald;concentration camp;

This publication is the translation of the original Memories of Ráv Élijáhu Domán (Domán Ernő), written in Hebrew. The original document is saved and stored in Yad Vashem, The Holocaust Martyrs' and Heroes' Remembrance Authority . The translation and has been made by István Domán, the son of Ráv Élijáhu Domán, in September-October 2004.

Does The Jewish Renaissance Exist?

Van-e zsidó reneszánsz?

Author(s): Richard Papp / Language(s): Hungarian

The Hungarian cultural anthropologist Richard Papp highlights the complexity of the question – does the Jewish Renaissance exist. He takes as example the Jewish Community Bethlen Square in Budapest and introduces the reader to the Jewish life in the Betlen Square Jewish community as well as to the Hungarian Jewish culture.

Fear

Retetgés

Author(s): István Domán / Language(s): Hungarian

Keywords: holocaust in Hungary;

The autobiography of István Domán (like his novel about his father) is an unusual document. He describes not only the orthodox Jewish micro cosmos, but also the psychic world and consciousness of this subculture, which has been forgotten in the literature, sociography as well as in the anthropological research.

Hungarian Jewish Literature in the 19th Century

A magyar zsidóság irodalmi tevékenysége a XIX. században

Author(s): Aladár Komlós / Language(s): Hungarian

Keywords: Jewish literature in Hungary;

Does a Hungarian Jewish Literature exist? Aladár Komlós analyses and approves this question in this monograph, written in the early 1940ies. After the Shoa the author reviewed his opinion and not even made an attempt to publish his work. The first edition of this monograph has been published posthumous, in 1996.