BIBLIOGRAPHY
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Keywords: media; communication; politics; fake news; bibliography;
More...Keywords: media; communication; politics; fake news; bibliography;
More...Keywords: Russia; media; KVN; TV show; communication; humour; psychology; politics;
This case study examines the KVN (Klub Vesyeliykh i Nakhodchivikh) TV show. This is the “post-1991 version of the Soviet-era show KVN, which achieved cult status among students, spawning a nationwide competition with teams from every Soviet republic competing against each other in leagues, forming panels of experts with socio-political satire skills”. KVN could be considered a phenomenon, having extended beyond being a TV show, it presents concerts in cities and runs local competitions in schools.
More...Keywords: metaphor; moral reasoning; biomedical ethics; end of life care; the war metaphor;physician-patient relationship;
This chapter explores the role of metaphors in biomedical ethics. It maintains that metaphors have an important normative function in medical and moral deliberation: they affect thought and guide actions. We use as a case study the dominant metaphors of death and dying employed by critical care physicians. We identify three prevalent metaphors in end-of-life care: the WAR, TORTURE, and ART metaphors, and demonstrate their normative functions. The metaphors shape physicians’ attitudes towards the dying, guide their reasoning and conduct, and influence their decisions on end-of-life care. We trace the moral implications of each metaphor for the treatment of the critically and terminally ill patients and show how the metaphors shape and constrain the moral deliberation of physicians. Our conclusions have far-reaching implications for bioethical reasoning and education, and could be applied in resolving ethical conflicts between patients and providers by identifying the conflicting metaphors, analysing their normative implications and actively constructing new shared metaphors.
More...Keywords: post-human cinema;assistive technologies; ethology; primatology
The paper deals with the new form of imagery and narration from the border of new media art and science (“assistive technologies”, ethology, primatology). It describes relatively new cultural practices of using tablets in communication with people with the spectrum of autism and in interspecies communication with primates. The consequences in the area of communication stemming from the ease of usage of such interfaces, communication competences formed in these processes and semiotic status of such images are presented in detail. These examples will be compared here with certain creative projects from the area of cyberarts (which are also scientific in character), leading to the conclusion that the art, especially images, but also the cinema, may be created not only by humans and for humans, but also by other living organisms and for other living organisms, not necessarily conscious of the ongoing process. The projects presented here in details are: “Cinema for Primates”, “The Cell Camera”, “I’m Humanity”, and “Metabol A.I.”. The paradoxical status of the biological cinema, the post-human cinema or “the not-for-humans cinema” is analysed in relation to the broader anthropological and communication insight. We observe the consequences of such artistic and scientific activities for the understanding of the new imagery, the ubiquity of new visual technologies (postmedia) and the human condition.
More...Keywords: social media;international market;
The intention of the authors of this article is to examine the degree of utilization of social media by businesses occupying leading positions worldwide in selected consumer products industries: pet food, brewing, and automotive.
More...Keywords: evaluative language; judicial discourse; corpus linguistics
This paper sets out to explore the extent to which the subjective and context-sensitive phenomenon of evaluative language could be effectively analyzed in the institutional contexts of judicial discourse using corpus linguistics methods. After reviewing and comparing different conceptualizations of evaluative language (e.g. evaluation, stance, appraisal) and their corresponding methodological perspectives, this chapter presents and critiques a range of selected representative studies of evaluation in judicial opinions. The chapter ends with a discussion of the advantages and disadvantages of using different corpus linguistics methods and suggestions for further research.
More...Keywords: personnel policy; enterprise; strategic management
The work within collective in the stable functioning and development of the organization is difficult to overestimate. After all, it depends on the employees of the company that they fulfill the assigned tasks, the quality of the work performed, and also the activity in solving the arising problems. At present, in most companies, the organization's staff is seen as a key resource in ensuring the success of the organization.
More...Keywords: Yugoslavia; yugonostalgia; active nostalgia; passive nostalgia; counter-hegemony; collective memory; post-socialist transition;
The article is focused on the active, emancipatory and counter-hegemonic potential of yugonostalgia and its creative inspiration. It is arguing that nostalgia is much more than an intimate, passive and bitter-sweet story invented by post-Yugoslavs to lament on their better past, but a new liberating discourse and an ideological platform with the potential to influence current political developments.
More...Keywords: audio description; museum; multisensority; social inclusion; Łódź City;
The article deals with an issue of audio description (AD), verbal description of visual content, transmitted with the use of the auditory system to visually impaired people. The analysis covers audio description of works of art. The paper presents the origins of AD of fine arts in Poland and across the world. It describes types of audio description in museums and principles of its creation. Another discussed issue of borrowing visual sensations through haptic, kinesthetic or olfactory senses that accompany AD. The reader may find examples of audio description from Łódź museums: the Museum of Art in Łódź (ms1, ms2, Herbst Palace Museum) and the Museum of the City of Łódź.
More...Keywords: staging transgression stories;Later Middle Ages;Divine Fiat;Truth and Justice;N-Town Plays
The Middle English Annunciation plays dramatise a heterological encounter whose stakes, Mary’s willing collaboration with God in the salvific project, can be brought to bear on both the Christian meta-narrative and the condition of women in late medieval Western society. Despite their edifying thrust, however, the Annunciation plays also stage transgression by referencing or intimating a breach of law, whose more overt forms range from recounting the story of Adam and Eve’s transgression of the divine commandment, coded in theological discourse as original sin, to the enactment of the Incarnation as transgression of natural law by divine fiat, an authorised transgression (Prosser) implicitly coded as transcendence and dramatised in the NTown Play 11 in a spectacular stage direction with a heavy dogmatic burden. I use the notions of truth regimes (Foucault) and truth formulae (Weir) to investigate the play’s less obvious unauthorised transgression (Prosser), manifest in the implicit interrogation of the Christian truth regime, i.e., the Lucan and Incarnational orthodoxy grounding the script, as it emerges from the divine debate on human redemption. Furthermore, reading the N-Town heavenly parliament with Anselm of Canterbury’s Cur Deus Homo points out the entanglements of kyriarchal truth regimes in power and the ensuing violence of representation (Armstrong and Tennenhouse). I argue that the play’s brief suggestion that the deity is overly revengeful appears itself transgressive of both contemporary theology and the secular ordo. This secondary discourse – a form of glossolalia (Certeau) – not only disrupts the naturalisation of human justice modelled on divine self-consistency but also intimates the self-legitimising drive of patriarchal discourses of worldly auctoritas.
More...Keywords: dogs as tools of subversion and transgression;short stories;Edgar A. Poe;Mark Twain;Ambrose Bierce
In this article I will analyze three satirical stories written by Edgar A. Poe, Ambrose Bierce and Mark Twain. The common denominator of them is the presence of dogs and their eccentric subject matter and controversial narrative strategies have for many decades been treated as a major offense against the standards of literary taste. A closer analysis of such thoughtprovoking and critically underrated tales as “Toby Dammit,” “Oil of Dog” or “A Dog’s Tale” makes it evident that their powerful effect is possible thanks to transgression and subversion of generic expectations and aesthetic norms as well as social, political and religious issues that dominated the public discourse in the nineteenth-century United States. Furthermore, what might be perceived as a temporary rebellion or a mere irregularity in the literary oeuvre of three unquestionably canonical nineteenth-century writers is, in fact, a conscious, if risky, attempt on the part of Poe, Twain and Bierce to offer meaningful diagnoses of a society whose values and behaviours appear to be even more disgusting and irrational than the bizarre and often highly disturbing plotlines and extreme experiences in the fictitious worlds they created.
More...Keywords: AI; Artificial Intelligence; Athenian city state; Code Civil; Code Napoléon; Democracy;
The introduction of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in our contemporary society imposes historically unique challenges for humankind. The emerging autonomy of AI holds unique potentials of eternal life of robots, AI and algorithms alongside unprecedented economic superiority, data storage and computational advantages. However, the introduction of AI to society also raises ethical questions. What is the social impact of robots, algorithms, blockchain and AI entering the workforce and our daily lives on the economy and human society? Should AI become eternal or is there a virtue in switching off AI at a certain point? If so, we may have to define a ‘virtue of killing’ and a ‘right to destroy’ that may draw from legal but also philosophical sources to answer the question how to handle the abyss of killing with ethical grace and fair style. In light of robots already having gained citizenship and being attributed as quasi-human under Common Law jurisdiction, should AI and robots be granted full citizen rights – such as voting rights? Or should we simply reap the benefits of AI and consider to define a democracy with different classes having diversified access to public choice and voting – as practiced in the ancient Athenian city state, which became the cradle of Western civilization and democratic traditions spread around the globe. Or should we legally justify AI slaves to economically reap their benefits, as was common in ancient Rome, which became the Roman Law legal foundation for Continental and some of Scandinavian Law traditions and which inspired very many different codifications around the world. Finally, we may also draw from the Code Napoléon, the French Code Civil established under Napoleon in 1804, which defined male and female into two classes of human with substantial right and power differences, and – to this day – accounts for one of the few documents that have influenced the whole world in legal and societal ways. In asking critical questions and unraveling the ethical boundary conditions of our future artificial world, the paper thereby takes a descriptive – afar from normative – theoretical angle targeted at aiding a successful introduction of AI into our contemporary workforce, democracy and society.
More...Keywords: researching grammar learning strategies;macroperspective;microperspective
More...Keywords: national cultural heritage; cultural goods; recovery of possession; public domain; Wisdom of the Earth;
The research and consolidation of cultural heritage legal institutions have only known scarce attention and timid evolution in the past decades in Romania. In turn, the Romanian society in general seems to share the lack of concern. A true national conscience, which embraces the profound values of cultural heritage, seems to be still information after the trials of the past regime. Such a conscience cannot be taken for granted; it must be developed, it must be explained with patience and understood in its essence, it must be nurtured with a drive to know the past and the present and to build a common future. In this context, the present study is intended as a useful and attractive instrument for the review of relevant legal institutions, such as the right of ownership over movable cultural goods, the public domain and the recovery of possession of movable cultural goods. Employing the critical analysis of relevant case law, apt to stir curiosity, this study also brings to the forefront our often times inadequate comprehension of cultural heritage legal institutions.
More...Keywords: Franciszek Dionizy Kniaźnin;Orpheus’s Griefs over Euridice;love;death
The subject deliberated upon in the present paper is the motive of death as presented in Żale Orfeusza nad Eurydyką funeral series by Franciszek Dionizy Kniaźnin. The collection in question originated in a tragic event in the life of Franciszek Zabłocki, Kniaźnin’s friend, whose beloved wife Katarzyna passed away shortly after the couple had married.
More...Keywords: Netherlands; Ethnic minorities; Tensions and conflicts; Security; Fitna movie; Geert Wilders;
The release of the anti-Islam movie “Fitna” by the Dutch Member of Parliament Geert Wilders, early 2008, aroused anxious fears of angry responses by Muslims communities. As happened in the Danish cartoon crisis, people expected the movie to trigger violent demonstrations, boycotts, the burning of flags and other aggressive responses by Muslim communities, both in the Netherlands and around the world. Months prior to the actual release of the movie, the Dutch prime minister already spoke of a crisis, predicting violent confrontations between Muslims and non-Muslims, and devastating consequences for Muslim integration in Dutch society.
More...Keywords: socioeconomic changes;subjective well–being in Poland;Polish society;well-being and unemployment;well-being and education level;well-being of older people;
Three main questions are asked in the paper. Firstly: how has the sense of ‘life satisfaction’ and happiness of Poles changed over the period of twenty years between 1991 and 2011? During this period Poland has experienced substantial growth of gross domestic product (GDP) per capita, but is Polish society becoming happier and more satisfied with life? Secondly: what is the level of subjective well-being individuals commonly perceived as losers (older, poorly educated and unemployed) in comparison with people who objectively appear to be winners (well-educated, in low middle age, employed)? Thirdly: how has the subjective well-being of unemployed, older and poorly educated people changed during this twenty year period between 1991 and 2011? Some authors suggest that because happiness became something everybody want, it is a core value of society, and it lays the basis for our modern welfare state. Because happiness represents an individual right, individual and societal aim, it is crucial to discover and scrutinise relations between the individual level of happiness, and the impact on it resulting from a variety of factors. It might be true that simple application of happiness economics to policy making would be unreasonable. But still if we agree that happiness constitutes a good life for individuals and thereby also a good society, it is important to collect, analyse and include this type of information for the purpose of policy making.
More...Keywords: migration; child; minors; asylum procedure; decision making;
The Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC) gives asylum-seeking children the right to an asylum decision that gives due weight to their best interests (UN 1989). This right follows from article 3, section 1, of the CRC: “In all actions concerning children, whether undertaken by public or private social welfare institutions, courts of law, administrative authorities or legislative bodies, the best interests of the child shall be a primary consideration.”
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