The appearance of monachal life in the South-Eastern part of Romania (in Scitia Minor-present - day Dobrogea), since the fourtheenth century was due to the contacts this part of our country had with the monastery centres from Asia Minor (Egipt and Israel). Such names of monks from Scitia Minor having a vast theological and secular knowledge for example Saint John Cassian and Dionisie Exiguul) are already known in the Cristian World. From Scithia Minor the monachal life has spread during centuries in the other Romanian Countries, too. Once, the monachal life from Mount Athos developed (during the eighth and ninth centuries), it has poured its effects not only upon the Balkan Peninsula (upon the greeks, bulgarians, serbs, etc.), but also upon the Romanian territories from the northern part of the Danube. If there was an influence of the Asia Minor and Mount Athos monasticism upon the Romanian Countries, we could also speak about an impulse of our monachal life through the great Bulgarian hesychasts of the fourteenth century: Saint Grigorie Sinaitul, Saint Teodosie and Saint Eftimie, the patriarch of Târnovo. Their writings have been copied and spread all over the Romanian territory. As a result of these monastic works come from Mount Athos and from Bulgaria, monastic life has flourished in the Romanian countries called in Romanian "hermit life". The hermits (hesychasts) became very popular in the life of the romanian people. The hermits monks were not only clerical (pastoral) men, but also cultural personalities: they copied lay and religious manuscripts, translated the works of Eastern Holy Faters, they were writers, painters, sculptors, architects, etc. They have all made a precious contribution to the developing if the spreading of the Balkan spirituality over the Romanian land and at the same time, they were the creators of the Roumanian language and the defenders of the Romanian people's unity.
More...Keywords: Party funding; party organisations; members; donations; subsidies; Romania
The process of party building in the CEE democracies was intimately linked to formal and informal aspects of colonising State resources. While party regulations became more articulated, Romanian parties have taken advantage of an intricate arrangement of private and public resources for guaranteeing their financial survival. Hence, our paper aims at providing a general overview of the Romanian parties’ financial (re)sources over the last decade. Within this context, party’s members assumed a peculiar role, acting both as legitimacy providers and means of economic survival.
More...Keywords: budget for culture; cultural policies; pensions and salaries to intellectuals.
Over the last few years researchers such as Alexandru-Murad Mironov and Ioana Macrea-Toma shed more light on some aspects regarding both the financial support for intellectuals and the royalties received by writers, scientists, and artists during the communist period. My paper examines topics like the annual budget for culture, pension system, and salaries given both to intellectuals and cultural bureaucrats, using especially documents from the National Archives, Funds Romanian Communist Party’s Central Committee – Propaganda and Agitation Section and Economy Section. One compared the archival sources with the data provided by the Official Bulletin trying to find out what was the percentage of the annual budget allocated for the arts, scientific research, and educational system. One tried also to outline the evolution of the laws regarding the pension system focusing on the discriminatory policies which cause distress among senior intellectuals perceived as anti-communist and recalcitrant.
More...Keywords: orthodox tradition; heritage safeguard; iconographic achievements; two decades; Sacred Art Department
2017 marks 20 years since the graduation of the first generation of students from the Cultural Patrimony, set up in the Faculty of the Orthodox Theology, "Alexandru Ioan Cuza" University of Iaşi. Beside the Conservation – Restoration of Icon - Polychrome Wood, other sections were founded: Conservation – Restoration of Document-Book and Church Painting. They now function in the Sacred Art Department, which appeared later in other Romanian universities, as a polarization of the initiation brought about for over two decades in Iasi by His Eminence Daniel, Metropolitan of Moldavia and Bucovina (now Patriarch Daniel of Romania) who, in 1997, set up the Ressurectio Centre, that provided jobs for young graduates. In the article below, we briefly recall some information and insert some images about The Sacred Art Department of the Faculty of Theology of “Alexandru Ioan Cuza” University of Iaşi, further supported with fatherly dedication by His Eminence Teofan, Metropolitan of Moldavia and Bucovina, also founder of remarkable educational and cultural achievements. Regarding the specificity of the activities carried out in the Sacred Art Department, those wishing to know more closely in this way are invited to descend framed them.
More...Keywords: vocabulary; meaningless; advertising; model; hero;
Sportul este unul dintre ritualurile vieții moderne. Reunește cuvinte adecvate atunci când se implică în sfera publicității, dar numărul termenilor este destul de limitat. Reclamele preferă să se subsumeze imaginii unei personalități sportive și brandului de nume. Eroul reclamei fiind notoriu și cu o valoare unanim recunoscută, forța persuasivă este asigurată prin puține argumente verbale. De obicei, imaginile vorbesc, alăturându-li-se un fond muzical și, eventual, puțin umor. Cuvintele, care, în mod normal, transmit atât de multă informație, sunt supuse unei treptate devalorizări semantice și sunt destul de puțin folosite. Contribuția prezentă dorește să se aplece asupra acestui îngrijorător aspect al dinamicii vocabularului, evidențiind termeni folosiți în spoturi (ex: mit, legendă, echipă, succes, valoare, pasiune, bun, palpitant etc.), dar a căror semnificație trece neobservată sau neînțeleasă de public. Prin acest exemplu punctăm criza limbajului și a comunicării. Acestea nu se descompun ca în cazul literaturii absurdului, ci devin platitudini ori necunoscute pentru un segment de public fie ignorant, fie analfabet.
More...Keywords: Marin Mincu; Textualism; Literary Criticism; Romanian Literature;
In his books, Marin Mincu was attracted by the great poets of Romanian literature, the critic looking to signal those aspects or less known and commented aspects.
More...Keywords: Fortbewegung; Hermannstadt; direkten Routen;
Eine Form der Anpassung des menschlichen Wesens an die Umwelt ist die Kenntnis seines Wohnraumes aber auch der Umgebung, vorausgesetzt, dass der Erwerb der lebensnotwendigen Ressourcen Fortbewegung erfordert. Für die Menschen aus der ländlichen Umgebung von Hermannstadt erfolgte die Fortbewegung in die Stadt größtenteils zu Fuß, da wenige Verkehrsmittel verfügbar waren. Der Beitrag stellt dar, wie sich diese traditionellen Fortbewegungen in der Gegend von Sibiu vollzogen: auf möglichst direkten Routen, je nach den vorhandenen Verkehrswegen. Gegenwärtig hat die Zivilisation diese frühere Gewohnheit der Bewohner des Hermannstädter Umlandes fast gänzlich abgeschafft.
More...Keywords: Politics; show; security;
One of the East-European media capital sins is turning politics into a show, in support of glamour politics. But show-politics cannot develop political effort or its efficiency, contributing to the democracy’s crises proliferation. Meantime, media ignores or superficially focuses on the major contemporary issues like national and social stability and security, state integrity, democratization of society, reality in conflict areas, etc.
More...Keywords: Romanian Army; secret services; Soviet Russia; interwar period;
“World War I destroyed a world” were the words used by a known politician, Constantin Argetoianu, in order to summarise the post-war reality. Even if only four years went by, mankind was completely different in 1918 compared to 1914. Romania is a good example for this situation, as it managed to fulfil the goal of taking back some territories that were under Russian and Austro-Hungarian dominance. In the post-war international context, Romania had to face a double challenge: on one hand, integrating its new provinces from an institutional – administrative and economic point of view. On the other hand, ensuring a normal state of security considering that the eastern, western and southern borders were subject to Soviet, Hungarian and Bulgarian revisionism. However, the greatest threat to the state's integrity is going to be Soviet Russia who did not accept the fall of the Russian Empire. That is why, in the 3rd and 4th decades of the 20th century, it tried to destabilize Romania through every means, including aggressive espionage against the defence and security system. Although Romanian intelligence structures obliterated most of the Russian espionage networks, there were failures as well. This study presents the case of General Ludovic Mircescu, war minister in the '20's; a case which delivered a shock to the Romanian public of that time. The Russian secret services, through a thoroughly organized action, managed to steal the Romanian plans for a war against Russia (important military documents, troops’ position and movement, military structure etc.) This “wake up call” led to an unprecedented consolidation of the Romanian secret services in the following decade, with spectacular results in the fight with the Russian agents.
More...Keywords: Journal of Pedagogy; education; serial publications; education sciences; research; management;
The article addresses concepts / issues focused on scientific activity in the field of educational sciences, thus supporting relevant theoretical, methodological and empirical analyzes related to the field of pedagogy and education. The Journal of Pedagogy was published in 1952, the new series in 1990 in two languages:Romanian and Englishs.
More...Keywords: residency; international; collaboration; culture; art;
Iași Art Residency is an artistic residency program that takes place in Iasi and involves the monthly invitation of an international visual artist, in order to materialize a specific art project related to the experience lived in the cultural space of Iasi. The program aims to connect the students of the Faculty of Visual Arts and Design within “George Enescu” National University of Arts in Iași with the invited artists, in order to exchange artistic experiences. This article will briefly present the activity of the American resident artist John Dillard whuch took place here, in Iasi, in January and February 2019
More...Keywords: selfhood; identity; autoscopies; addressability; identification;
Requiem for an Identity: Analyzing Representations of the Self in Song of Myself. The paper explores the introspection into the experience of selfhood by deconstructing the representation of identity into four stances – the poetic self, the self as other, the deistic/ heroic self and the bohemian self. The pairing into dual and opposing sets and their subsequent distribution in the framework of syzygial unity-in-duality is meant to render a more punctual picture of Whitman’s plethora of identifications in Song of Myself. The analysis sets into motion the identity of “I”, showing that the conundrum of identity is given by specific and independent identifications of the self with figures of the American society and imaginary. The validation of the multifaceted “I” embedded in the self-discovery is made by approaching the addressability of I-You autoscopies, in an attempt to restore identity through the filter of readership.
More...Keywords: Bessarabia;diplomacy;terrorism;Soviet Union;
The Bessarabian issue influenced the Romanian-Russian relation for over 200 years. In this article we follow the evolution of this dispute at the end of the First World War and the beginning of the Soviet Union. During the early 1920’s, Southern Bessarabia was captive in the face of terrorist attacks launched by the incipient Soviet special forces. This became a subject of intense international propaganda and the whole province was on the agenda of the Great Powers all around the globe, from Western Europe to Japan. The destiny of Bessarabia for the next century was defined in these years by the Soviet insistence to recapture the province and the creation of a new republic carrying the artificial Moldavian identity.
More...Keywords: literary festivals; FILIT; FILTM;
Literary and cultural news by Anemone Popescu.
More...Keywords: Hamas; bombardment; Israeli airstrikes; Islamic jihad; conflict;
Nearly 85 Palestinians and 7 Israelis were killed in a reciprocal bombardment, and nearly 1,500 different missiles were fired at the state of Israel. It is the fiercest conflict from the two sides in recent years. A 13-storey residential building has collapsed in Gaza, and another has been severely damaged by hundreds of Israeli airstrikes in May 2021,while Hamas and Palestinian factions have shot down a dam in Tel Aviv and Beersheba. The resurgence of the conflict between the Jewish state and Hamas is proving to have worse consequences than the last war in 2014, gaining international concern, for fear that this situation will spiral out of control. The regional instability has only largened the gap between third-world countries and global power-states, which aim to provide a solid democratic reset for the society in those areas. Hamas, as an international terrorist organization, aims not only to regain part of the lost territory, but also to punish the Jewish community as a whole, by provoking suffering on the civilian and military society of Israel.
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