![Stephen the Great and the cult of the Holy Cross](/api/image/getissuecoverimage?id=picture_2005_2272.jpg)
Keywords: martyrdom; Othodox theologians; Security´s files; prison; communist age
In this paper we choose to talk about two remarkable figures in the academic theology of Cluj. The martyr priest Liviu Galaction Munteanu and the priest Ioan Bunea, belonged to anti-communist resistance, contending this way their love for Faith and nation. The unavoidable conviction and their written presence in the Security’s files challenges us to analyse the way the two defendants, were convicted just because they brought offenses to the Totalitarian System by their tenacity to claim an intense pastoral-missionary activity.
More...Valeria-Gemma Moraru, Revista Teologică. Organ pentru ştiinţă şi viaţă bisericească (1907-1916; 1921-1947) – Indice bibliografic, Cluj-Napoca, Editura Argonaut, 2010, 380 p. Dumitru Megheşan – Rugăciunea lui Iisus, mijloc terapeutic de purificare a minţii, Ed. Universităţii din Oradea, 2010, 277 p. Miguel de Salis Amaral, Două viziuni ortodoxe cu privire la Biserică: Bulgakov şi Florovsky, trad. de Daniela Cheţan, PUC, Cluj-Napoca, 2009, 457 p.
More...Keywords: Dan C. Mihailescu;
The article is part of the series Romania Literara interviews. This time the interviewee is Dan C. Mihailescu initiator and promoter of the literary addendum to "Cotidianul", "Letters, Arts and Ideas"(LA&I). The idea of such an addendum was brought to life in 1991 in a period when the market was being invaded by a strong politic connotation within both prose and jurnalism. The LA&I tried to offer the reader a magazine of a cultural expression.
More...Keywords: editorial, the party, ideology, press
The main text from this period is built on an apparent opposition between two different visions of reality, being unsigned and indicating the direction of the magazine or newspaper. The text refers to the way in which the doctrine of the party propose the direction of art. The dream is prohibited, because the man was supposed to be part of a perfect society and gave him everything he needed. The need for intimacy, of silence, of experiencing inner refused to be replaced with membership in the community, to the common good. The biggest sin is to remove people isolated from the "masses", participating in joint actions, and the editorialist feels able to draw attention to this danger which threatens the bourgeois ideology in the nets. The idea of conspiracy, recourse to theories designed to destabilize society, is repeated in each of the propagandistic texts, related to the promotion of political ideology.
More...Keywords: current anthroponomy; double and triple family names; structure; frequency
The current image of our surnames is the consequence of the action of a long series of events and factors that have contributed, in past centuries, to the idea of setting family name, and then to fix the family name itself, in graphic form transmitted through generations through acts of civil status. Over time, for various reasons, in the denomination have appeared the double and triple names. This is what we analyze in this article.
More...Keywords: General Meeting of Shareholders; duties; shareholders; companies
In this article, the author presents certain considerations on the General meeting of Shareholders which represents a collectivity organized according to law, and which makes, subject to legality, resolutions needed for the existence and operation of the company. The structure and content of the study reveal the comments on the legal nature of the General Meeting of Shareholders, on the forms and types of general meetings, on the terminological distinction between ordinary and extraordinary meeting as regards the joint-stock company, on the lack of terminological distinction between meetings as regards the limited liability company, on the formal unity of the general meeting of shareholders of a company, describing as well, the duties of the general meeting, taking into consideration, on the basis of the above, the doctrine developed by certain famous names in the matter of law (Stelian Ionescu, M. A. Dumitrescu, Paul. I. Demetrescu, Marius Șcheaua, Sorin David, în Stanciu D. Cărpenaru, Sorin David, Cătălin Predoiu, Gheorghe Piperea, Octavian Căpăţînă, Constantin C. Bălescu, Flaminia Stârc-Meclejan, D. D. Gerota, D. Gălăşescu-Pyk, Lucian Bojin, I. L. Georgescu, Ap. Turin, Cornelia Lefter). Finally, the author formulates brief considerations regarding the fact that the lawmaker established all the important duties at the charge of one, respectively of the other form of general meeting, which means that it deliberately let the remaining issues slide, and allowed the shareholders to establish such a power in a statutory manner, when necessary.
More...Keywords: Dobrogea; 1949 – 1953; development; prisoners; Romanian gulag, the Channel
The channel represented a predilection destination for those that had passed through the Romanian gulag during the period 1949 - 1953. Presented by the official propaganda as a great economic achievement (the purpose was to shorten the way to the sea along with the economic and social development of Dobrogea) the Channel prove to be, from the beginning, an fiasco, the place where numerous prisoners from the work colonies had lost their lives along with a considerable number of civil workers and three of the death row convicted as a result of the counterfeit trail from the summer of 1952. The inedited of the presentation study consist in analyze of the four postal cards (postal cards that are in the patrimony of the History National Museum of Romania), cards that had been sent by the detainee Greceanu Tudor from the Channel penitentiary colonies. With the help of those post card we can make an objective analyze of the life condition from the work camps. In the summer of 1953 when the works had been stopped, only 3,6 km from the total of 70 kilometers were finished, although the deadline was almost over.
More...Keywords: social; economic; political regime;
Despite the internal turmoil meant to strengthen the social, economic and political regime lay down in October 1917, after the end of the Civil War, the USSR continued to establish itself externally as a great center of power in the international relations arena, harboring immense geopolitical ambitions. The Moscow regime would gradually normalise international relations, after 1922, but without settling the debts of the Czarist state and without relinquishing its lead as a world revolution hub. On the one hand, the USSR will continue to maintain „normal” diplomatic and commercial relations with other powers and will also control the activity of communist parties in other countries via the Comintern, the ultimate goal of such parties being to destabilize the existing governments with which the USSR maintained „normal” relations. The pinnacle of this policy of „peaceful coexistence”, inaugurated by the Peace of Brest-Litovsk (March 3, 1918), was reached on August 23, 1939, through the Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact. National Socialist Germany and the Soviet Union engaged until June 22, 1941 in a race against time in order to consolidate their political, economic and military positions in areas of peak strategic and geopolitical interest. Has June 22, 1941 sparked the early confrontation between the two geopolitical options that marked European and world evolution throughout the twentieth century? The answer to this question continues to breed numerous and fierce historiographical controversies.
More...Les auteurs présentent quelques aspects concernant les préoccupations du personnel du Musée Ethnographique de la Transylvanie pour la rédaction d’une publication scientifique propre, où l’on publie les résultats des propres recherches et de celles effectuées par d’autres chercheurs intéressées par la culture matérielle et immatérielle.La première partie présente toute les interventions du directeur du musée, prof. R. Vuia, auprès de la Fondation Culturelle «Principele Carol» et le Ministère des Cultes et des Arts, pendant la période 1925-1947, pour obtenir les fonds nécessaires à faire imprimer une publication, Bulletin, Annuaire, de l’institution.L’approbation d’une publication du musée n’a été obtenue qu’en 1957, et en 1959 on a publié le premier numéro de l’Annuaire du Musée Ethnographique de la Transylvanie pour les années 1957 et 1958. Ce fut la première publication d’un musée ethnographique et la troisième publication scientifique de Roumanie dans laquelle on valorisait les résultats de la recherche de la culture populaire.Les auteurs présentent ensuite un sommaire de vingt-deux numéros de l’Annuaire du Musée Ethnographique de la Transylvanie parus pendant la période 1959-2009.
More...Keywords: Romanian gastronomy; cookery books; publish; cultural history; gastronomic literature;
This paper focuses on the history of Romanian gastronomic literature, namely the first century of Romanian cookbook writing. Cookery books and gastronomic texts are one of the most interesting text types, which can be fruitfully analyzed and approached from multiple perspectives: linguistics, cultural history, language history, terminology and history can contribute to exploit the multiple resources of such texts, which mirror not only the gastronomy of certain historical periods, but reflect the linguistic and social habits of a century or another. Recipes are not scientific texts, nevertheless they can be considered technical texts, as they contain the lexicon and terminology of cooking and gastronomy, one of the most ancient human activities. Romanian gastronomic literature is a topic approached by many researchers. Despite this fact, during a previous research we conducted upon the history of Hungarian gastronomic literature and the history of ”kürtőskalács”, we reached the conclusion that there is no comprehensive study upon the beginnings and history of Romanian cookbooks. That is why we attempt to fill this gap and offer a list of the most important cookbooks written and/or published in Romanian. We intend to cover the first century of this kind of literature, the period between 1841 and the 1940s.
More...Keywords: FDI; economic growth; employment; technology transfer; export-import gap;
This paper aims to present the impact of foreign direct investment on growth in Central and Eastern Europe. Literature review has revealed a positive relationship between FDI and economic growth using a series of panel data and OLS estimation.
More...Keywords: Libraria; Biblioteca Județeană Mureș; biblioteconomie; bibliologie; carte veche; carte bibliofilă; istorie locală; servicii de bibliotecă; Biblioteca Teleki; carte veche românească;
In 1974 „Eminescu” Publishing House had the special initiative of creating one of the most completed anthology of literary genres: novel, story, drama etc.Dan Culcer – editor at Vatra magazine from Târgu-Mureş – received the mission of dealing with the anthology of Romanian essay; his work was going to be completed with a selected bibliography of contemporary essay.The selection of the material was quite difficult because of several impediments: the necessity of a valorical selection, both of writers and critical works; many writers have left the country, so they were no longer accepted by Romanian authorities; the publishing house’s recommendations concerning some of the writers (to include or to renounce to some of them).The Romanian Contemporary Essay has been finished in 1976, two years after its time limit. It has never been published, because its author has left the country, as many of the writers he wrote about.This is the Reference Bibliography, completed up to 1976; its form corresponds to the requirements of the moment it was made and I consider that it would be not fair to continue it up to our days.
More...Keywords: military base; political influence; the French Military Mission; military command; overpopulated town;
During the withdrawal and the refuge to Moldavia, numerous people, personalities from politics, culture and various institutions took shelter in Bârlad, as well as in other Moldavian localities. For a short period of time (from November 1916 to March 1917) the importance of the town was bigger than its size – it became a military base and a political factor, regarded as a real military capital of the unoccupied part of Romania. Here were to be found the Romanian Great General Headquarters and its Russian counterpart for the troops sent to the Romanian front, as well as the Royal Headquarters (located in Zorleni, at the personal property of King Ferdinand) and the French Military Mission coordinated by General Henri Berthelot. In the Moldavian city of Bârlad there were also other important institutions such as the Russian Fourth Army General Headquarters, the Romanian First Army Command, hospitals, military schools, various services and institutions.
More...Keywords: The functions of juridical responsibility juridical responsibility; regulations functions preventive; repressive repairing and education;
The functions of juridical responsibility are a complex systemically phenomenon. Their influence is determined by diverse elements of the juridical responsibility.Each stage, form of juridical responsibility achievement has certain functions. Juridical responsibility achieves regulations functions preventive and repressive, repairing and educational.The distinguished features of the juridical responsibility functions are characteristic to a well determined purpose: the reflexion of influencing direction, the influence character the conditioning with the legislations of social development and performing of social relationships.
More...Keywords: suffix; first name; derived surname; derivative type, surname;
The suffix -escu „is used to form surnames of Romanian type”. The exclusively onomastic function of the suffix -escu is patronymic and expresses family descent. Thus, Grigorescu, formed after the model Grigore (father's first name) + the suffix -escu, can be understood as „Grigore’s son”. In Moldovan documents, derived with the suffix -escu names are found since the fourteenth century. Over time, when the mechanism of formation and their significance were understood, these derivatives became common. Formations with -escu appeared not only from the first name, as "is the rule", but also from other reference names. The officialization of the names formed with the suffix -escu took place only at the end of the 19th century, when they started to function as family names. In the local anthroponymy, most of the patronymics with the suffix -escu are formed from first names and surnames (various adjectives, nouns and verbs that, previously, were substantivized and used as anthroponyms). Although the patronymics derived with the suffix -escu are less attested in the Bessarabian onomasticon than in the rest of the Romanian territory, we still distinguish several types of formation of surnames with the suffix -escu. The themes to which the -escu suffix is attached confirm that this suffix is an anthroponymic one, characteristic of the formation of surnames.
More...Keywords: war; interethnic conflict; artificial conflict; status quo;
The article discusses the issue of frozen conflicts in the post-Soviet space. According to the author, conflicts are a product of the disintegration of the USSR, the declaration of the independence of the former union republics and the adoption of the direction of foreign policies for European integration. In most cases, the conflicts are artificial, because the ex-Soviet space is considered the sphere of interest of the Russian Federation, and the secessionist regions are interested in maintaining subordination to Moscow. Failure to resolve conflicts leads to the consolidation of the status quo in the territories. Resolving the Transnistrian conflict, but also other conflicts in the ex-Soviet space requires the internationalization of the process by actively attracting G-7 states, UN structures, the EU and the internationalization of peacekeeping missions. An important requirement for the Republic of Moldova is the change of the political class, which will want to solve the problem of territorial integrity.
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