published by: Editura politică Bucureşti, 1976
More...Published by: EDITURA Institutului d« Arte Grafice „SAMITCA", Societate Anonimă CRAIOVA 1918
More...Transparency of media ownership and media pluralism are directly related to fundamental constitutional principles, rights and freedoms such as independence and freedom of the media, freedom of expression, pluralism of opinions and citizens' right to information. Consistent application of these democratic principles is required to prevent the vicious practice of using the media as an instrument for state capture.
More...A collection of speeches from an International Seminar held on 3-4 June 1993 and organized by the Center for the Study of Democracy and the Sofia Center for International Private Entrepreneurship, Washington.A collection of speeches from an International Seminar held on 3-4 June 1993 and organized by the Center for the Study of Democracy and the Sofia Center for International Private Entrepreneurship, Washington. Many factors contribute to lowering the price of Bulgarian privatizing enterprises. One of the most effective in this aspect is the creation of an image of the country as unfavorable for investment. This campaign has two negative consequences - it helps to repel the big investors from the country and provokes a policy in this area based on the principle of "investing all and at all costs".
More...Keywords: Roma of Romania;
The country profile of Romania focuses on housing and evictions as a cornerstone of the work of the European Roma Rights Center (ERRC). This profile also looks at the following aspects: displacement and migration, women's and children's rights and violence against Roma, including police mistreatment and anti-Roma statements by senior officials, members from the government or politicians. The information is up to date in April 2013. This publication and related research has been funded by various funding bodies of the European Roma Rights Center (ERRC), including the Swedish International Development Agency, the Open Society Foundations and the Sigrid Rausing Trust. The content of the publication is the sole responsibility of the ERRC. The opinions expressed in this report do not necessarily reflect those of the donors.
More...Keywords: BiH’s model of bicameralism; constitutional system of BiH; Election Law of BiH; Constitution of the FBiH; constituent peoples;
In BiH’s model of bicameralism, since the decision of the Constitutional Court of BiH in the U23/14 case (dr. Božo Ljubić) House of Peoples exclusively represents its “constituent peoples (and others)”, so we can call it exclusively ethno-national bicameralism. Implementation of the decision became serious politicall issue, which will have severe consequences on the whole constitutional system of BiH. There are initiatives to change electoral legislation at the entity level, which undoubtedly leads to a conflict of arguments. The real issue is how to solve a problem of clear inconsistency between the Constitution of the FBiH, the Election Law of BiH and the Constitution of BiH, so it is very uncertain how the envoys of the FBiH House of Peoples can be elected without breaking a constitution or law at the same time. Decision of the Constitutional Court of BiH in the case of U-23/14 can not be properly implemented by merely modifying the Election Law of BiH, because proper implementation would mean changes to the constitutional structure at the level of FBiH and BiH through the harmonization of these acts and electoral legislation, through a clear delineation in the competencies of House of Peoples. House of Peoples by the interpretation of the Constitutional Court of BiH exclusively represents its “constituent peoples (and others)”, so in the spirit of the decision this House, has to have reduced powers based only on the protection of the constituent peoples (and others). The problem must be solved by domestic politicall structure with a permanent solution and with review of the constitutional structure in BiH and the possibility of constitutional changes. The paper consists models that would be beneficiall for the constitutional structure of the BiH.
More...Keywords: USA; Russia; nuclear arsenals; security and defense; geopolitics; NATO;
The Obama administration recently suggested concluding a legally binding agreement on transparency that would confirm that American BMD does not pose a threat to Russia’s deterrence forces, and also concluding a framework agreement on further cutting Russian and American nuclear arsenals. The USA may be interested in reducing the tensions with Russia over the missile defense with a view to break the deadlock on a wide complex of hard security and proliferation issues, including the hot problems of nonstrategic nuclear weapons in Europe and Iran and the North Korean nuclear programs, and also to ensure Russia’s support in managing regional crises – these days, especially that in Syria. Moscow probably agrees that it should negotiate a legally binding agreement on transparency and confidence building measures with the USA. At the same time Russia continues in asking for legally binding guarantees that the US BMD is not aimed against its strategic forces as the sine qua none of any other talks and agreements on nuclear weapons with the US. The Kremlin also may propose some trilateral consultations between the USA, Russia, and Europe on BMD with a view to involve some European circles that are skeptical about the missile defense in the debate. In a wider geopolitical context, Russia’s policy towards the BMD issue results from Moscow’s perception of the US quest for a compromise on strategic problems as a weakness. The US quest for a compromise may and most probably is used by Moscow to question the reliability of the American alliance obligations. It cannot be ruled out that there are plans for a certain “big deal” between the two countries, at the possibility of which Moscow hints. In the context of this deal, Russia would consent to new negotiations on further reductions of strategic nuclear weapons in exchange for the USA consenting to limit its non-nuclear strategic systems, take into account the conventional arms in Europe, limit the US naval activity in the seas around Europe and accept future Russian proposals on European security aimed at enfeebling NATO.
More...Keywords: Age diversity; age discrimination; Czech Republic; demography; employed population; pensioners; employment rate; 45-65 years old population; population older than 65; ageism;
In the Czech Republic, 45 - 65 years old people comprise over a quarter of the entire population and their employment plays a key role in the country’s economy. The data presented here is based on the official national statistics, which are typically classified by age. Unfortunately, the age categories are not consistent across all types of data. In comparison to the EU, the employment intensity in the Czech Republic is slightly higher than average. The employment rate of the working age cohort 15 - 64 years was 65.2 % (as of 2009). The employment rate of 20-64 years old was 70.7% (while the average rate in the EU was 68.8 %). [...]
More...Keywords: Požarevac penitentiary; reformatory for women; quality and conditions of life; security; legality of the prison regime; re-socialization; contact with the outside world; institutional personnel; special prison hospital; county prison in Novi Sad;
The team of the Helsinki Committee for Human Rights in Serbia (HCHRS) has always paid particular attention to the Penitentiary-Reformatory for Women in Požarevac given that it is the only institution in Serbia for women under sentence, with numerous specificities this entails. Having in mind the reports on previous visits, it can be concluded that the prison conditions are still far from adequate, although steps have been taken regarding the maintenance and renovation of this institution. Certain parts of the prison are decently adapted and furnished given that these activities are funded by modest working capital, however the majority of accommodation facilities remain in need of urgent transformation. This refers to an entire wing of the prison ward in particular, as well as to the numerous premises used both by the prisoners and the staff. It should be noted that some of the buildings of the Penitentiary-Reformatory for Women in Požarevac are among the oldest in the system of the execution of criminal sanctions of the Republic of Serbia. The main building was built 136 years ago, and has since been considerably reconstructed twice (in 1911 and 1971).
More...Keywords: Bosnia and Herzegovina; political system; electoral systems; European Court for Human Rights; case “Sejdić-Finci”; discrimination; constitution;
Donoseći odluku u decembru 2009. godine u slučaju Sejdić i Finci protiv BiH, Evropski sud za ljudska prava u Strazburu postavio je jasan zadatak pred bh. institucije i političke elite: politički sistem BiH se mora na taj način preustrojiti, tako da se svakom/oj građaninu/ki omogući da se može kandidovati i može biti izabran u Predsjedništvo BiH i Domu naroda Parlamentarne skupštine BiH, neovisno od njihovog etničkog porijekla. Političke posljedice presude idu još dalje i impliciraju ukidanje ustavne diskriminacije u svim institucijama, na svim nivoima unutar bh. državne strukture. Od 2010. godine do danas vođeni su različiti razgovori oko provedbe presude. Političke elite nisu bile u stanju da pronađu zadovoljavajuće rješenje za sve građane/ke. Pregovori su vođeni u zatvorenim krugovima, izvan predviđenih parlamentarnih struktura. Od strane organizacija civilnog društva do sada su predstavljeni različiti modeli provedbe. Predstavljanjem ovog modela želimo dati još jedan doprinos diskusiji „ustavnih reformi”.
More...Keywords: Democratic institutions; Transnistria conflict; capacity of administration; juridical system; economic reforms; foreign trade; social development; human traffic; migration; border control;
The reports in the "Euromonitor" series aim at independent and objective monitoring of the implementation process of the Republic of Moldova - European Union Action Plan. The actions adopted and implemented by both signatories of the Plan will be monitored quarterly. The action plan is a complex document, structured in 7 chapters, which provides for the implementation of about 300 actions, some defined more or less precisely, others very ambiguous. Unable to monitor such a complex document, the authors of "Euromonitor" focused on priority actions, identified in the Action Plan itself.
More...Keywords: Democratic institutions; Transnistria conflict; capacity of administration; juridical system; economic reforms; foreign trade; social development; human traffic; migration; border control;
The reports in the "Euromonitor" series aim at independent and objective monitoring of the implementation process of the Republic of Moldova - European Union Action Plan. The actions adopted and implemented by both signatories of the Plan will be monitored quarterly. The action plan is a complex document, structured in 7 chapters, which provides for the implementation of about 300 actions, some defined more or less precisely, others very ambiguous. Unable to monitor such a complex document, the authors of "Euromonitor" focused on priority actions, identified in the Action Plan itself.
More...Keywords: Democratic institutions; Transnistria conflict; capacity of administration; juridical system; economic reforms; foreign trade; social development; migration; border control;
The document summarizes and analyzes the most important actions undertaken by the authorities in each of the areas monitored under the European Union - Moldova Action Plan, during 2014. The main developments and problems registered in the monitored chapters are further analyzed in a structured way.
More...Keywords: students;graduates;Professors;university environment;labor market;
The study includes the results of the survey conducted on 241 students of the Polytechnic University of Timisoara in December 2019, which measured the self-assessment of their professional skills and abilities, perception of the faculty, practice activities, hopes after graduation.
More...Keywords: managerial education;rural entrepreneurship;management consulting;
The research is part of the strategic project “Rural Entrepreneur”, POSDRU / 83 / 5.2 / S / 59596 and was conducted based on a survey to which 1,527 entrepreneurs and potential entrepreneurs from rural areas responded. In addition, 5 focus groups, 5 brainstorming's and 50 in-depth interviews were conducted with 154 entrepreneurs and 115 civil servants. She analyzed how people started their first business, the factors that determined the success of their first business, the transition to a sustainable business, the obstacles encountered in starting an entrepreneur, the fears that appear when starting a business, the changes after starting a business, the perception of competition, self-evaluation. managerial education, the need for consultancy, external support in business development, the future of one's own business, the dynamics of the entrepreneurial approach in rural areas during 2008-2010.
More...Keywords: Transnistria-conflict;
This study aims to evaluate the discussions on the settlement of the Transnistrian conflict in 2016. The analysis addresses, in particular, the events related to the meeting of 2-3 June 2016 in Berlin in the format "5 + 2" and the reaction of the participants and Moldovan civil society compared to the results obtained. The issue of the Transnistrian conflict is an important topic on which the modernization process of the state of the Republic of Moldova depends very much. However, despite some measures to relaunch the negotiations in the "5 + 2" format, we find an attitude of distrust on the part of some representatives of the state but also of the civil society towards the negotiation process. Considering the mentioned problems, we notice a concern of the Moldovan society towards the evolution of the negotiations and the results that could be obtained. This state of affairs highlights the risks of resolving the Transnistrian conflict for the modernization and democratization of the state of the Republic of Moldova. The principle of "red lines" launched by civil society conveys the idea of pressure on the Moldovan authorities in the "5 + 2" format to make them make unilateral concessions and incompatible with the rules and principles of international law could seriously harm the future status of the region Transnistrian within the Republic of Moldova.
More...Keywords: public finances in Moldova;
In the last period, society has noticed an increase in interest towards the activity of the authorities, in particular, towards the way in which they allocate and spend public money. In order to ensure budget transparency, it is crucial to have a regulatory framework that covers all stages of the budget cycle, as well as all the institutions involved. In the Republic of Moldova, there is a rather dense framework regarding transparency and access to information, which in the meantime has undergone multiple changes. The purpose of this study is to analyze the existing regulatory framework to identify the main gaps in ensuring budget transparency. // To accomplish this task, the description of the concept of budget transparency and its relation to other concepts and notions, as well as good practices on this subject, will be presented. Afterwards, the structure of the National Public Budget and the stages of the budget process will be briefly presented. The description of the regulatory framework for ensuring budget transparency will follow, in which the laws, government decisions and, as appropriate, other regulatory acts will be presented. The description of the meaning of budget transparency will be carried out in accordance with the current best practices promoted by the International Budget Partnership and other international organizations. Thus, as a result of the disclosure of the meaning of the concept of budget transparency, the transparency criteria will be identified, which will be used later in the evaluation of the regulatory framework in order to identify the gaps in the budget transparency regulation. // The study primarily analyzes the transparency of the budget process of the BS. At the same time, taking into account the importance and relations of this document with all the components of the budget system of the Republic of Moldova, the BPN will also be discussed, and, as the case may be, other components of the budget system.
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