Series:Prawo

Human, not too Human. An Essay on Legal Personhood and the Challenges of the 21. Century

Ludzkie, niezbyt ludzkie. Esej o podmiotowości prawnej i wyzwaniach XXI wieku

Author(s): Tomasz Pietrzykowski / Language(s): Polish

Keywords: the subject; personhood; the human; law; science; technology; philosophy; rights

The book explores the legal conception of personhood in the context of the contemporary challenges, such as the status of non-human animals, human-animal biological mixtures (chimeras and hybrids), cyborgisation of the human body or developing technologies of artificial autonomic agents. It reveals the humanistic assumptions underlying the legal approach to personhood and examines the extent to which they are undermined by the present and imminent scientific and technological progress. The book discusses also some potential ways in which the most compelling problems related to the shape of personhood in law could be addressed. In particular, it outlines the conception of non-personal subjecthood that could provide an adequate normative solutions for the problematic status of sentient animals and some other kinds of entities. Arguably, non-personal subjects of law ought to be regarded as holders of one and only right only — the right to be taken into account (to have one’s vital interests taken into account and balanced with all other competing considerations). The proposed idea of non-personal subjecthood is based on inclusive humanism as opposed to the current exclusive and exceptionalist version of the humanistic foundations of the law. Inclusive humanism as the basis of the legal approach to personhood does not repudiate fully the speciesm favouring human beings. The reasons to maintain minimalized speciesm in the way in which law regards human and non-human entities are demonstrated and defended.

Internal Law Regulations and Resolutions of Legal Authorities of Public Trust Professions Associations

Akty prawa wewnętrznie obowiązującego a uchwały organów prawniczych samorządów zawodów zaufania publicznego

Author(s): Agnieszka Wiktorzak / Language(s): Polish

The first chapter touches upon the issue of internal law regulations. The chapter discusses, among other things, the topic of the subjective scope of functioning of such normative regulations. Chapter two, in turn, presents two models of organizing the administration system: centralized and decentralized. Central state authorities functioning in the centralized model of administration can issue internal law regulations. In chapter three, the author elaborates on the concepts of “the act of implementation of the law” and “the legislative act.” Chapter four discusses the issue of the legal authorities of professional associations constituting public authorities, legally entitled to issuing acts of implementation of the law. The author presents the legal basis for the functioning of legal authorities of professional associations which represent people in public trust professions. Moreover, the chapter includes an overview of resolutions of the legal authorities of public trust profession associations in the context of the constitutional freedoms of the individual. In chapter five, in turn, the author introduces the topic of the constitutional rule of the freedom of business activity in the case of people in legal public trust professions. Moreover, the author touches upon the notion of the material and formal aspect of the limitation of business activity in the case of people in legal public trust professions.

Law and New Technologies

Prawo a nowe technologie

Author(s): / Language(s): Polish

Keywords: law; philosophy of law; informatics technology; artificial intelligence;new technologies;

Contemporary Issues in Agricultural and Food Law

Współczesne problemy prawa rolnego i żywnościowego

Author(s): / Language(s): Polish

Keywords: agricultural law; food law

The international system for the protection of human rights. Summary of decades

Powszechny system ochrony praw człowieka. Podsumowanie dekad

Author(s): / Language(s): Polish

Keywords: human rights; the United Nations; international covenants on human rights; control mechanisms

The presented work discusses both achievements and future challenges in front of the UN Human Rights System, especially including the role of the United Nations organization in shaping and developing the system for protecting the rights of the individual. The publication constitutes an attempt at reflecting upon the treaty protection, in particular upon the internationally protected substratum of individual laws influenced by changing reality, and upon the efficiency of corresponding control mechanisms, in addition to the presentation of the Human Rights Council’s role. The paramount aim of the authors is to probe into the current state of human rights protection in its common scope along with its efficiency in the context of contemporary challenges and threats. The publication is addressed to all readers interested in the problematic of human rights protection.

Tax cancellation: A comparative analysis

Tax cancellation: A comparative analysis

Author(s): Piotr Buława / Language(s): English

Keywords: tax cancellation; insolvency arrangement; debt relief; extra-statutory concessions; discretion

This book presents the institution of tax cancellation in the legal systems of Poland, Germany, the Czech Republic, and England in the broader context of tax and insolvency law. It focuses on three particular forms of tax cancellation: administrative tax cancellation, debt relief, and insolvency arrangement. The author uses comparative legal analysis, which allows him to go beyond the usual research paradigms and provides a new perspective for a better understanding of the institution of tax cancellation. Despite significant differences between the analysed legal systems, the issues discussed are universal.