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Respect for the human rights of the users of the public institution "Komanski Most" institute - Report of the monitoring team of non-governmental organizations

Poštovanje ljudskih prava korisnika javne ustanove zavod „Komanski most“ - izvještaj monitoring tima nevladinih organizacija

Author(s): Maja Raičević,Jovana Hajduković / Language(s): Montenegrine

Keywords: human rights; NGO; public institution; Komanski most; monitoring team;

Projekat „Monitoring poštovanja ljudskih prava u ustanovama zatvorenog tipa u Crnoj Gori“, čiji je cilj unapređenje ljudskih prava osoba smještenih u ove ustanove, izvele su nevladine organizacije iz Crne Gore „Akcija za ljudska prava“ (HRA), kao nosilac projekta, Centar za antidiskriminaciju „EKVISTA“, Centar za građansko obrazovanje (CGO) i Sigurna ženska kuća (SŽK), uz pomoć Beogradskog centra za ljudska prava i Letonskog centra za ljudska prava, a finansirale Evropska unija posredstvom Delegacije Evropske unije u Crnoj Gori i Ambasada Savezne Republike Njemačke. Projekat je izveden u periodu od 1. marta 2010. do 31. marta 2013. U okviru projekta, 17. juna 2011. zaključen je Sporazum o saradnji između nosioca projekta NVO „Akcija za ljudska prava“, Ministarstva rada i socijalnog staranja i Javne ustanove (JU) Zavod „Komanski most“ za smještaj osoba s intelektualnim invaliditetom, koji je obuhvatio: nenajavljene posjete monitora nevladinih organizacija ovoj ustanovi; predstavljanje izvještaja o posjetama i razgovor o izvještajima na okruglom stolu; izradu brošure o pravima korisnika ustanove i saradnju na javnoj kampanji, čiji je cilj približavanje potreba i prava korisnika široj javnosti. Izvještaj u nastavku sadrži ukupnu ocjenu monitoring tima pomenutih nevladinih organizacija iz Crne Gore o stepenu primjene preporuka za unapređenje poštovanja prava korisnika Zavoda „Komanski most“ (u daljem tekstu „Zavod“) koje su dali Evropski komitet za sprječavanje mučenja i nečovječnog ili ponižavajućeg postupanja ili kažnjavanja (CPT) i Zaštitnik ljudskih prava i sloboda, kao i dodatnih preporuka nevladinih organizacija koje su učestvovale u ovom projektu. Izvještaj je izrađen na način koji omogućava praćenje napretka koji je postignut od početka monitoringa u julu 2011. do objavljivanja prvog izvještaja u novembru 2011., odnosno završnog izvještaja koji je objavljen u februaru 2013. Na kraju svakog poglavlja dodali smo upućivanja na tabelu, koja pokazuje šta je unaprijeđeno u određenoj oblasti. Na kraju izvještaja, u vidu dodatka, objavljujemo tabelarni prikaz primjene preporuka prilikom objavljivanja završnog izvještaja u februaru 2013. godine, odnosno do kraja marta 2013.

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Prosecution of torture and ill-treatment in Montenegro - Report of the monitoring team of non-governmental organizations

Procesuiranje mučenja i zlostavljanja u Crnoj Gori - izvještaj monitoring tima nevladinih organizacija

Author(s): Luka Stijepović,Mirjana Radović,Tea Gorjanc-Prelević,Daliborka Knežević / Language(s): Montenegrine

Keywords: Montenegro; human rights; torture; ill-treatment; NGO; monitoring team report;

Izvještaj je nastao u okviru projekta „Monitoring poštovanja ljudskih prava u institucijama zatvorenog tipa u Crnoj Gori“, koji su Akcija za ljudska prava, nosilac projekta, i partnerske organizacije: Centar za građansko obrazovanje, Centar za antidiskriminaciju „EKVISTA“, Sigurna ženska kuća, Beogradski centar za ljudska prava i Letonski centar za ljudska prava, sprovodile od 1. marta 2011. do kraja marta 2013. godine. Osnovni cilj projekta bio je da unaprijedi zaštitu od mučenja, nečovječnog i ponižavajućeg postupanja ili kažnjavanja u Crnoj Gori i pomogne efikasno sprovođenje preporuka međunarodnih stručnih tijela, Komiteta protiv mučenja - CAT i Evropskog komiteta za sprječavanje mučenja – CPT za Crnu Goru. Cilj projekta je i podrška kontrolnoj funkciji Zaštitnika ljudskih prava i sloboda (nacionalni mehanizam za spriječavanje mučenja) i Skupštine Crne Gore u opštoj zaštiti od mučenja i drugog zlostavljanja, i posebno, poštovanju prava rezidenata ustanova zatvorenog tipa. U okviru projekta obezbijeđene su i dvije publikacije za sve državne tužioce i nadležne sudije, odnosno državna tužilaštva i nadležne sudove u Crnoj Gori: „Sprečavanje i kažnjavanje mučenja i drugih oblika zlostavljanja – priručnik za sudije i tužioce“, Radmila Dragičević-Dičić, dr Ivan Janković, Beogradski centar za ljudska prava, Beograd, 2011. i „Zabrana mučenja, nečovječnog ili ponižavajućeg postupanja ili kažnjavanja - zbirka presuda Evropskog suda za ljudska prava“, ur. Žarko Marković, Akcija za ljudska prava, Podgorica, 2013. Izvještaj je napisao advokat Luka Stijepović, u saradnji sa Teom Gorjanc-Prelević i Mirjanom Radović iz Akcije za ljudska prava. Advokatica Daliborka Knežević, ispred Centra za antidiskriminaciju „EKVISTA“, priredila je analize slučajeva Nenada Ivezića, Miljana Despotovića i JU Zavoda „Komanski most“. Urednica izvještaja je Tea Gorjanc-Prelević, izvršna direktorka Akcije za ljudska prava. Posebno se zahvaljujemo na saradnji predsjednicima svih osnovnih sudova u Crnoj Gori, Slavici Stijović, sekretarki Osnovnog suda u Podgorici, Zorici Dabanović, upraviteljki sudske pisarnice Osnovnog suda u Baru, Zdravku Rajeviću, savjetniku u Osnovnom sudu u Beranama, advokatima: Daliboru Kavariću, Azri Jasavić, Borislavu Vlaoviću i Vladimiru Vulekoviću, kao i Siniši Dabanoviću, Aleksadru Saši Zekoviću i Rašku Dendiću.

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Respect for the human rights of patients housed in psychiatric institutions(at the special hospital for psychiatry in Kotor,at the psychiatry department of the General Hospital in Nikšić and the Psychiatry Clinic of the Clinical Center of Montenegro)

Poštovanje ljudskih prava pacijenata smještenih u psihijatrijskim ustanovama (u specijalnoj bolnici za psihijatriju u Kotoru, na odjeljenju za psihijatriju Opšte bolnice u Nikšiću i Klinici za psihijatriju kliničkog centra Crne Gore)

Author(s): Mirjana Radović,Olivera Vulić,Danilo Ajković / Language(s): Montenegrine

Keywords: Montenegro; human rights; health institutions; psychiatric clinics; Nikšić; Kotor;

Projekat „Monitoring poštovanja ljudskih prava u ustanovama zatvorenog tipa u Crnoj Gori“, čiji je cilj unapređenje ljudskih prava osoba smještenih u ovim ustanovama, sprovele su nevladine organizacije „Akcija za ljudska prava“ (HRA), kao nosilac projekta, Centar za antidiskriminaciju „EKVISTA“, Centar za građansko obrazovanje (CGO) i Sigurna ženska kuća (SŽK), uz pomoć Beogradskog centra za ljudska prava i Letonskog centra za ljudska prava, a finansirale Evropska unija, posredstvom Delegacije Evropske unije u Crnoj Gori, i Ambasada Savezne Republike Njemačke. Projekat je trajao od 1. marta 2010. do 31. marta 2013. godine. U okviru projekta, 19. maja 2011. godine, zaključen je sporazum o saradnji između nosioca projekta NVO „Akcija za ljudska prava“ i Ministarstva zdravlja, koji je omogućio nenajavljene posjete monitora nevladinih organizacija Specijalnoj Bolnici za psihijatriju u Dobroti, Kotor (u nastavku „Bolnici“), Psihijatrijskoj klinici Kliničkog Centra Crne Gore i Odjeljenju za psihijatriju u okviru JZU Opšte Bolnice u Nikšiću, izradu izvještaja o posjetama i razgovor o izvještaju na okruglom stolu, kao i izradu brošure o pravima pacijenata zadržanih u ovim ustanovama. Izvještaj u nastavku sadrži ukupnu ocjenu NVO monitoring tima o usvajanju preporuka za unapređenje poštovanja ljudskih prava pacijenata Bolnice u Dobroti, Kotor, koje su dali Evropski komitet za sprječavanje mučenja i nečovječnog ili ponižavajućeg postupanja ili kažnjavanja (CPT) i Zaštitnik ljudskih prava i sloboda Crne Gore, i sadrži posebne preporuke monitoring tima, koje pored Bolnice obuhvataju i Psihijatrijsku kliniku u Podgorici i Psihijatrijsko odjeljenje Opšte Bolnice u Nikšiću. Prvi izvještaj je objavljen u novembru 2012. godine, i nastao je pretežno na osnovu informacija prikupljenih prilikom posjeta Bolnici u Kotoru, Klinici u Podgorici i Odjeljenju Opšte bolnice u Nikšiću u periodu od 17. septembra do 4. novembra 2011. godine. Završne ocjene o ispunjenosti preporuka iz prvog izvještaja objavljene su u februaru 2013. U ovom izdanju je predstavljen napredak koji je postignut u periodu od objavljivanja prvog izvještaja do završnog izvještaja. Na kraju svakog poglavlja dodato je upućivanje na dodatak - tabelu u kojoj je sažeto prikazano šta je unaprijeđeno u konkretnoj oblasti. Na kraju izvještaja, u Dodatku, objavljen je tabelarni prikaz svih preporuka koji pokazuje i stepen njihove primjenjenosti prilikom objavljivanja završnog izvještaja u februaru 2013. godine.

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Respect for the human rights of detained persons and persons serving a prison sentence in an institution for the execution of criminal sanctions - Report of the monitoring team of non-governmental organizations

Poštovanje ljudskih prava pritvorenih lica i lica na izdržavanju kazne zatvora u zavodu za izvršenje krivičnih sankcija - izvještaj monitoring tima nevladinih organizacija

Author(s): Danilo Ajković,Velibor Bošković,Nataša Gardašević,Jovana Hajduković,Daliborka Knežević,Luka Stijepović,Maja Raičević,Olivera Vulić,Milan Šaranović,Nikoleta Strugar / Language(s): Montenegrine

Keywords: Montenegro; penal policy; detention; human rights; monitoring; NGO;

Projekat „Monitoring poštovanja ljudskih prava u ustanovama zatvorenog tipa u Crnoj Gori“, u cilju unaprijeđenja poštovanja ljudskih prava osoba smještenih u ove ustanove, izvele su od marta 2011. do kraja marta 2013. nevladine organizacije „Akcija za ljudska prava“ (HRA), kao nosilac projekta, Centar za antidiskriminaciju „EKVISTA“, Centar za građansko obrazovanje (CGO) i Sigurna ženska kuća (SŽK), u saradnji sa Beogradskim centrom za ljudska prava i Letonskim centrom za ljudska prava. Projekat su finansirale Evropska unija posredstvom Delegacije Evropske unije u Crnoj Gori i Ambasada Savezne Republike Njemačke u Podgorici. U okviru projekta, 25. oktobra 2011., zaključen je Sporazum o saradnji između nosioca projekta NVO „Akcija za ljudska prava“, Ministarstva pravde i Zavoda za izvršenje krivičnih sankcija (ZIKS), koji je omogućio posjete tima monitora navedenih nevladinih organizacija objektima ZIKS-a (zatvorima) u Podgorici i Bijelom Polju, uz prethodnu najavu od 24 časa, pristup medicinskoj i dokumentaciji vezanoj za disciplinske postupke pritvorenih i osuđenih lica, predstavljanje izvještaja o posjetama i razgovor o izvještaju na okruglom stolu, izradu priručnika o pravima pritvorenih i osuđenih lica i saradnju na javnoj kampanji čiji je cilj približavanje prava pritvorenih i osuđenih lica široj javnosti. Neposredni cilj monitoringa je bio izrada izvještaja o usvajanju preporuka iz Izvještaja Vladi Crne Gore o posjeti Crnoj Gori Evropskog komiteta za sprječavanje mučenja i nečovječnog ili ponižavajućeg postupanja ili kažnjavanja (CPT) od 15. do 22. septembra 2008. godine (u nastavku: „CPT, Izvještaj o posjeti 2008“) i preporuka Zaštitnika ljudskih prava i sloboda Crne Gore (Ombudsmana). Izvještaj je objavljen na okruglom stolu 21. juna 2012. godine u prisustvu predstavnika uprave ZIKS-a, ministra pravde i predstavnika Delegacije EU. Pored ocjene primjene preporuka CPT-a i Ombudsmana, NVO monitoring tim je dao ukupno 164 preporuke za unaprijeđenje poštovanja ljudskih prava u zatvorima u skladu s međunarodnim standardima i preporukama. Neke od preporuka bile su i ponovljene preporuke CPT-a i Ombudsmana. Na kraju projekta, 27. marta 2013. godine, predstavljene su završne ocjene NVO monitoring tima o primjeni preporuka, uz učešće predstavnika uprave zatvora, pomoćnice ministra pravde na čelu Direktorata za izvršenje krivičnih sankcija Ministarstva pravde i šefa Delegacije EU u Crnoj Gori. U ovoj publikaciji objavljujemo izvještaj iz juna 2012. godine („Izvještaj o poštovanju prava pritvorenih i osuđenih lica u Zavodu za izvršenje krivičnih sankcija“) sa tabelom koja sadrži 164 preporuke i ocjenu njihove primjene do kraja projekta u martu 2013. godine. Sastavni dio izvještaja su i rezultati istraživanja među osuđenicima „Poštovanje ljudskih prava u Zavodu za izvršenje krivičnih sankcija – stavovi osuđenika“ iz marta i aprila 2012. godine. U okviru projekta je izrađena i brošura o osnovnim pravima za zatvorenike i zatvorenice na crnogorskom, engleskom i albanskom jeziku, kao i kratki dokumentarni film. Upravi zatvora su dostavljene i knjige „Sprječavanje zlostavljanja i mučenja – priručnik za policiju i zatvorsko osoblje“, dr Ivana Jankovića i Radmile Dragičević-Dičić, koji je izdao Beogradski centar za ljudska prava 2011. godine, kao i publikacija „Zabrana mučenja i drugog zlostavljanja – zbirka izabranih presuda Evropskog suda za ljudska prava“, urednika Žarka Markovića, izdanje Akcije za ljudska prava, 2013. godine. Saradnja sa Ministarstvom pravde i upravom ZIKS-a na ovom projektu je bila izuzetna i predstavlja primjer konstruktivne saradnje državnih organa sa nevladinim organizacijama. Rezultati ovog projekta su zajednički. Na strpljenju i vremenu koje su posvetili projektu posebno zahvaljujemo Dušku Markoviću, ministru pravde i ljudskih prava i potpredsjedniku Vlade Crne Gore, Slavici Rabrenović, pomoćnici ministra pravde na čelu Direktorata za izvršenje krivičnih sankcija Ministarstva pravde, Miljanu Peroviću, direktoru ZIKS-a, Milanu Tomiću, pomoćniku direktora ZIKS-a, Urošu Bogavcu, načelniku KPD-a u prvoj fazi projekta, Milanu Radoviću, načelniku KPD-a u drugoj fazi projekta, Katarini Mitrović, načelnici zatvora za kratke kazne, Branislavu Petroviću, načelniku zdravstvene službe, Radoslavu Sekuloviću i Željku Redžiću, rukovodiocima službe obezbjeđenja, Žani Asanović, sekretarici direktora ZIKS, Anki Cerović, iz pravne službe ZIKS-a i Mušiki Dujoviću, predsjedniku Višeg suda u Podgorici. Hvala na povjerenju svim službenicima ZIKS-a koji su razgovarali sa nama i posebno svima koji su učestvovali u našoj anketi o stavovima osuđenika. Na podršci zahvaljujemo i Delegaciji Evropske komisije u Crnoj Gori, posebno Mitji Drobniču, šefu Delegacije, Albertu Kamarati, šefu sektora za politiku, evropske integracije i privredu i Jadranki Milić, zaduženoj za nadzor nad ovim projektom, kao i Ambasadi Savezne Republike Njemačke, posebno Veri Bordfeld, zamjenici ambasadora i Smilji Goli.

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Montenegro – persons missing within armed conflict during the 1990s - A review of the situation and recommendations for improving the results of the search for the missing and the position of their families

Author(s): Tamara Milaš,Miloš Vukanović,Vasilije Radulović,Petar Đukanović / Language(s): English

Keywords: Montenegro; Yugoslavia; 90s; war; missing persons; search results; improvement;

The wars of the 1990s in the former Yugoslavia have had severe and longterm consequences, which Montenegro too still faces today and only to a limited degree. Also, almost all states of the former Yugoslavia face the challenge of addressing systemic violations of human rights, which is reflected in the process of building functional democratic institutions that should establish a responsible attitude towards the recent violent past. Such a relationship is inconceivable without establishing the truth about the fate of persons who are still listed as missing due to the armed conflicts of the 1990s. The states of the region continue to owe the families of 9,969 missing persons a full and impartial investigation into the circumstances under which their loved ones were killed or went missing, and they fail to carry out responsible sentences in accordance with the gravity of the crime committed. In Montenegro, the legislative framework does not recognize the families of persons considered missing as civilian victims of war, whereas the system of reparations is flawed and discriminatory. Given the recorded activities of Montenegro in the armed conflicts during the 1990s, as well as the court-established facts indicating the role of Montenegrin citizens in these events, a proactive approach by Montenegrin institutions is crucial in determining the fate of missing persons. Victims’ communities have high expectations from these institutions, which is proportional to the participation of the armed forces under the direct or indirect control of the state of Montenegro in the waged wars. Unfortunately, the disproportionate commitment of Montenegrin decision-makers and institutions to this issue remains. The process of searching for the missing is difficult and conditioned by the political situation in the countries of the region. Although the need to find out the truth about the fate of persons who disappeared during the armed conflicts is expressed, above all, among their family members, and sporadically appears on the agenda of meetings of statesmen in the region, in practice, there are obstacles to the search for missing persons. These obstacles range from the inadequate capacities of state bodies involved in the search for missing persons, through insufficient financial resources, to a lack of political will to substantially improve regional cooperation, which also includes the determination to make the search for missing persons more efficient. In general, there is not enough information on this issue in Montenegro, and it is also marginalized in public discourse. Therefore, this publication, as an alternative report, offers an overview of international standards and national legislation, reviewing the results and challenges of the search for missing persons during the armed conflicts in the former Yugoslavia in the 1990s, but also proposes recommendations for improving efficiency in this area.

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Transitional justice through the eyes of citizens of Montenegro

Author(s): Miloš Vukanović / Language(s): English

Keywords: Montenegro; politics; government system; transition; justice;

A public opinion poll on the knowledge and attitudes of Montenegrin citizens about war crimes and transitional justice was conducted in order to obtain annual cross-sectional data. The data were compared, in the part of the same questions, with last year’s similar survey conducted by the Centre for Civic Education (CCE). Additionally, for the first time, questions were introduced that shed light on the perceptions of citizens about the attitude of the judiciary and certain state institutions towards war crimes. Such regular monitoring of the public’s knowledge and attitudes also provides useful insight into the effects of the work of various social actors in the process of dealing with the past. Also, in this manner, an empirical base is obtained concerning key issues that marked the political and social life in the past year, concerning this process, and the impact it had on society. For example, the issue of attitudes towards the genocide in Srebrenica marked the second quarter of the political life in Montenegro in 2021 and led to the first dismissal of a minister in the new Montenegrin Government, which was formed in December 2020. However, it is only this research that indicated that the dominant majority of Montenegrin citizens state that they know what happened in Srebrenica in 1995 (86%), than that twothirds of them define it as genocide, while the rest believe that it is a great war crime, but not genocide, or that there was a war in which people were killed on all sides. It is also interesting that with the controversial position of the former Minister of Justice, Human and Minority Rights, Vladimir Leposavić, that he is “ready to admit that the crime of genocide was committed in Srebrenica once it is unequivocally established “, more than half of the citizens did not agree, which could have been instructive for political decision-makers as well. However, on the other hand, the research indicated the overall complexity of Montenegrin society. Hence, the opposition parties, which initiated the impeachment of this minister due to his position on Srebrenica, are not significantly recognized by the citizens as political entities that advocate transitional justice. That points that their inadequate relation towards the issues of facing with past from the period when they had power has not been forgotten. The research is part of the “Dealing with the Past for the Future” project, which the Centre for Civic Education (CCE) is implementing with financial support from the U.S. Government, through the State Department’s Bureau of International Narcotics and Law Enforcement Affairs (INL).

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"Ubrzaj'18" - human rights film festival

Ubrzaj’18 - festival filma o ljudskim pravima

Author(s): Not Specified Author / Language(s): Montenegrine

Keywords: Montenegro; film festival; human rights; 2018;

The talk of human rights, whether in politics, science, or arts, sometimes comes across as a moving tale that the humankind tells while tucking itself to sleep, murmuring it almost by hearth, terrifying and inspiring itself in turns by the wickedness of monsters and the revolts of the brave. Lulling itself, every time, by the certainty of the happy end and the inevitability of progress. And yet if we had learned anything on our laborious trudge towards full awareness of the inalienability of human dignity, it is that there is nothing certain or inevitable about this path, and that falling behind is much easier than forging ahead. Have we watched carefully enough, do we remember enough of those times when we traded the humanity of others for own comfort, when we surrendered the victims instead of sheltering them, when we choose not to see the camps and not to remember places of suffering? How did we understand humanity then? Who counted as human and who did not? And what were we playing at, refusing responsibility? We would like to have left far behind and long ago the obstinate ghosts of fascism, slavery, poverty, exploitation, disease, and war. Maybe would could have done so, but we did not. They are our present too, and our reality. This is what the films of the ninth selection of the FAST FORWARD 2018 Human Rights Film Festival are telling us, each in its own way. These films are not afraid: with courage and imagination they cut to the quick of social injustices, mock the powerful and dream aloud. Films that fight and in which people fight. Is it enough to just watch and remember? Of course not, but this minimal entreaty already lifts the thin alibi of ignorance and represents, perhaps, the first step towards accountability.

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Education against discrimination - Guidebook for work on prevention and overcoming of discrimination for professionals working in the area of education and upbringing

Author(s): Petar Đukanović,Tamara Milaš / Language(s): English

Keywords: education; discrimination; human rights; prevention; overcoming; guidebook for professional;

Guidebook for work on prevention and overcoming of discrimination for professionals working in the area of education and upbringing was created within the project 360° Full Circle for Human Rights!, which with the support of the European Union is implemented by the Centre for Civic Education (CCE) in partnership with NGO Alternative Theatre Company (ATAK) from Podgorica, Human Rights House from Zagreb and International Documentary Film Festival (BELDOCS) from Belgrade, in cooperation with Ministry of Education and Institution of Protector of Human Rights and Freedoms from Montenegro. One of the specific objectives of the project is promotion of concept of education without discrimination in formal educational-upbringing system and development of anti-discrimination and the culture of human rights amongst the youth. Thus, this guidebook is intended for professionals working with youth in education (teachers, professional services, heads of schools, councils of parents, expert bodies and actives) with an aim to aid them in recognizing, prevention and processing of discrimination cases, other violations of human rights and violence within schooling institutions and before institutions outside of educational system. The guidebook contains terms of discrimination and its various manifestations clarified in detail, the role and responsibility of participants of upbringing-educational process, and the overview of legislative and institutional framework is also given which protects citizens from discrimination and violation of human rights, with the procedure of processing the cases, as well as the overview of the most important international documents and standards in this area. The ultimate goal of the guidebook is to, as an auxiliary mean in the work with youth, even in teaching, contribute to development, encourage and nurture antidiscrimination culture via education.

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Antifascism in Montenegro - between political trend and educational policy

Author(s): Miloš Vukanović,Igor Radulović,Tamara Milaš / Language(s): English

Keywords: fascism; antifascism; education; schools; 20th century; history;

Fascism is an evil with many faces. Its manifestation forms can be recognized even in societies of developed democracy, and in societies that have emerged or are emerging from the authoritarian and totalitarian forms of the rule, Fascism still has many manifestations. The actuality of the fight against Fascism coincides with the effects of the global economic crisis, which is just one of the favourable ambient for Fascism ‘to get a chance’. Digestible and shallow in its expression, Fascism relatively easily mobilizes social dissatisfaction by offering simple, malefic solutions. Fascism must be studied in a continuity, because from its appearance until today, Fascism survives by adapting its evil to the base passions of society. Therefore, it must be taught in schools, with an approach that will contribute to understanding the depth of this pestilence. Fascism is not only a great evil past, Fascism is a smouldering and constant danger. Also, attention should be paid to those who make a fetish from the anti-fascist struggle. Instead of affirmation of the civic concept of society and anti-fascist values, political demagogy is thus being introduced. And demagogy is also the fuel of Fascism. This warns how much this leviathan is a tough opponent, this rider of evil precisely through the demographic matrix presents itself as a knight of salvation. Fascism has countless roles that it can play in a society of non-resistance to economic crises, national-chauvinist tendencies, and bad public policies. In order to strengthen the society and make it more resistant to the evil of Fascism, it is necessary to work on building the capacities of a civil and democratic society through the affirmation of the principles of coexistence, tolerance, social responsibility and solidarity. The best and most noble method of strengthening society on a sound basis is the clear concept of antifascist education and the creation of opportunities for the citizen to become stronger and more resilient to fascist tendencies and demagogic campaigns. Education through learning the facts, tolerance and critical thinking with the encouragement of dialogue – is the concept that must find a place in our schools.

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Montenegrin textbooks: what do they conceal and reveal about the contemporary history of Montenegro?

Author(s): Isidora Radonjić,Tamara Milaš,Miloš Vukanović / Language(s): English

Keywords: Montenegro; education; textbooks; contemporary history; analysis;

Centre for Civic Education (CCE), within its sub-programme Transitional justice, aims to contribute to the effective process of facing with the past through series of different, yet interconnected, activities. In this respect, the CCE team, within its study “Montenegrin textbooks: what do they conceal and reveal about the contemporary history of Montenegro?”, analysed the content of material which is nowadays available in formal education system, including primary, secondary and higher education level, whereby higher education was analysed through the sample of three faculty units of the University of Montenegro. Furthermore, a research was conducted with the objective to assess the impact of some of the effects of such education approach on the (lack of) knowledge of students. Finally, an assessment of the existing model of history teaching, with accompanying recommendations to modernise and harmonise it with the needs of a society, which tends to develop into a democratic, is also provided. Focus of this study, among other issues, was on the manner in which the causes, course and outcome of war events which marked the history of region, thereby of Montenegro as well, are presented in the Montenegrin education system. Unfortunately, Montenegrin textbooks are practically “cleansed” of all potentially “dangerous” content, which restricts the potential of society to comprehend and evaluate that period based on facts, which further encumbers the already arduous process of facing the past. History teaching should develop critical thought and spirit of tolerance, prevent or challenge the existing prejudice and promote openness towards diversity. However, judging by what Montenegrin students can learn through the formal education system, we are far from that. Namely, Montenegrin students cannot learn in schools either on the extent or the manner in which Montenegro participated in war events, nor which war crimes were perpetrated during the nineties in region and in Montenegro, nor how many victims were on the behalf of Montenegro, from Montenegro and in Montenegro. Montenegrin educational institutions still demonstrate insufficient will that is necessary to resist the politicisation of textbooks, either in what they conceal or reveal, which questions the educational role of history as a subject, at least when it comes to contemporary history of Montenegro. Moreover, it is concerning that this approach is present on every level of education – from primary to higher, which already yields the teaching staff which does not have this part of history in his/her memory, nor has had the chance to learn about it adequately, but already enters classroom to teach it. “Remembrance” occurs under the influence of many factors, out of which one of the most influential is the history teaching in schools, and especially history textbooks. They promote a certain value system, legitimise and determine political and social order. Therefore, it could be said that education obtained in schools is the result of complex relations of power and fight of groups determined by class, gender and religious belief. Precisely because of that, textbooks play a paramount role and serve as important levers of power in every part of the world.1 Hence, it is necessary to change the existing textbooks and update them, while persons in charge of this task should have the integrity to refuse making compromises with authorities on the manner in which Montenegrin contemporary history should be presented, history already marked by those who are still high on the political ladder of Montenegro.

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Fast forward human rights! - A brief overview of supported projects

Author(s): / Language(s): English

Keywords: Montenegro; human rights; supported projects;

Cases of discrimination, intolerance and violations of the rights of citizens are not rare in Montenegro, but are rarely adequately prosecuted, despite the existence of numerous institutions dealing with development of policies and legal framework for protection of human rights. Human rights are one of the programme pillars of the Centre for Civic Education (CCE) and the Civic Initiatives (CI) from Belgrade, who have so far conducted numerous successful projects in the area of education for human rights, campaigns for raising public awareness, initiatives for amendment of legislation, etc. This was a basis of a joint project Fast Forward Human Rights! Through this project CCE and CI have continued qualitatively developing the existing programmes, with the financial support of the European Union and within the framework of the European Instrument for Democracy and Human Rights 2013 (EIDHR), from November 2013 to January 2015, but have also introduced some new answers to the need of providing a more effective contribution to the development of the culture of human rights in Montenegro. The objective of the project was strengthening of the role of civil society in promoting human rights and democratic reforms in Montenegro, and providing support to peaceful conciliation of group interests as well as consolidating political participation and representation of citizens. The specific objective of the project was improving monitoring and protection of human rights in Montenegro through increased and active participation of civil society organizations. Action formatted in such a way falls within the framework of Guidelines for EU support to civil society in enlargement countries 2014-2020 of the Directorate General for Enlargement of the European Commission, which underlines that civil society organizations must strengthen “their effectiveness by increasing their capacity for analysis, monitoring and advocacy, as well as networking, partnership, coalition building, and active participation in politics and processes of adoption of the law”. And in order to tackle the changes, developed organizational capacities are necessary, as well as a clear strategic direction, and certainly, stable sources of funding. Therefore, these changes represent the greatest challenge for civil society organizations that have failed to reach the required level of building/strengthening of their capacities, creating/defining the strategic direction and ensuring financial stability of their programmes. Activities of relevant civil society organizations in the area of human rights are important, since reforms in democratization of Montenegro cannot and should not be conducted only by institutions, but require involvement of all social sectors. Hence, the project Fast Forward Human Rights! also aimed at providing direct support to civil society organizations of different development levels, by allocation of financial resources for implementation of projects in local communities, by strengthening their capacities for the purpose of successful implementation of projects in accordance with the European rules, and by providing continuous consultations during the project duration. In this manner, organizations which are not direct beneficiaries of EIDHR in Montenegro have acquired knowledge and skills about human rights and advocating for human rights, as well as about management of projects from EU funds, which represent the real sources of financing in the future and a possibility for ensuring financial sustainability of their programmes.

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Series:CGO - Ljuska prava

Poštovanje ljudskih prava korisnika javne ustanove zavod „Komanski most“ - izvještaj monitoring tima nevladinih organizacija

Procesuiranje mučenja i zlostavljanja u Crnoj Gori - izvještaj monitoring tima nevladinih organizacija

Poštovanje ljudskih prava pacijenata smještenih u psihijatrijskim ustanovama (u specijalnoj bolnici za psihijatriju u Kotoru, na odjeljenju za psihijatriju Opšte bolnice u Nikšiću i Klinici za psihijatriju kliničkog centra Crne Gore)

Poštovanje ljudskih prava pritvorenih lica i lica na izdržavanju kazne zatvora u zavodu za izvršenje krivičnih sankcija - izvještaj monitoring tima nevladinih organizacija

Montenegro – persons missing within armed conflict during the 1990s - A review of the situation and recommendations for improving the results of the search for the missing and the position of their families

Transitional justice through the eyes of citizens of Montenegro

Ubrzaj’18 - festival filma o ljudskim pravima

Education against discrimination - Guidebook for work on prevention and overcoming of discrimination for professionals working in the area of education and upbringing

Antifascism in Montenegro - between political trend and educational policy

Montenegrin textbooks: what do they conceal and reveal about the contemporary history of Montenegro?

Fast forward human rights! - A brief overview of supported projects