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Sinus membrane elevation techniques in posterior maxillary area

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Sinus membrane elevation techniques in posterior maxillary area

TEHNICI DE ELEVARE A MEMBRANEI SINUSALE ÎN ZONA MAXILARĂ SUPERIOARĂ

Author(s): Vasile Nicolae / Language(s): Romanian / Issue: 1/2016

Keywords: Sinus membrane elevation; implants insert; posterior maxillary area;

Oral implantology has dramatically changed the approach of the patients with partial or total edentations. Bone loss following tooth extractions or periodontal disease can complicate implant placement duet o insufficient bone height or width remaining afterwards. This can be overcome by using augmentation procedures that can restore the lost bone volume. The posterior area of the maxillary may present an additional obstacle to placing implants by an increased size of the maxillary sinus.

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Aspects regarding the Institutional Framework for the Coordination and Management of European Structural and Investments Funds in Romania

Author(s): Mihaela-Adina Apostolache / Language(s): English / Issue: 4/2015

Keywords: European funds,; specific principles; institutional framework; programming; absorption capacity; imple mentation

The paper takes into account one of the problems faced at present in the EU States, namely improving ways of attracting and managing EU funds. There must be taken into account the changes in the current socio-economic context, the changes on the labour market in the states, as well as other changes in the system of implementation, which may have an impact on the implementation of the operational programmes. It was found that the elaboration, implementation, monitoring and evaluation of programming documents involve compliance with the European principle of partnership. A close cooperation aiming at an integrated and coherent approach to EU funds must exist between all national, regional and local levels of public administration. Regional and local authorities are seen as authorities located closest to the actual use of these funds, having a key role in the realization of economic, social and territorial cohesion. The degree of involvement of these authorities in attracting and managing EU funds is influenced by the specific institutional framework of each member state, but also by the legal and budgetary competences of the various territorial levels.

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Responses of the Criminal Justice System to Violence against Women: A Review

Author(s): Babatunde Akanji / Language(s): English / Issue: 4/2015

Keywords: violence against women; criminal justice system; abuse; female gender

Evidently, various types of sexual, psychological and physical violence inflicts excruciating pain on the female gender in epidemic proportions globally. Such abusive behaviours against women existing in any economic or social class is also a gross violation of the victim’s human rights. This is further made worse by the patchy responses and inadequate support services of the criminal justice system of different countries in tackling abuse onwomen and young girls within their respective societal context. This review focuses on the problems of violence against the female gender with particular reference to the United Kingdom and assesses the responses of the British criminal justice system in dealing with these violent crimes. This review ends by making recommendations on how the justice systems in the UK can promptly and sufficiently deal with this social menace that is a major concern to all and sundry

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Shaping the identity nemanjic states Interpretation of Byzantine ecclesiatical rights

Author(s): Zoran Jerotijević / Language(s): English / Issue: 4/2015

Keywords: state; church; Serbia; Byzantine; Studenica typicon

Understanding Church-state relations in Serbia as an idea carried over from the Byzantine understanding of the doctrine of the relationship between the secular and ecclesiastical authorities. While the ruler carrier secular power, spiritual patriarch, the nation's indivisible and belongs to the state and the church, so that the question of relations between church and state resolved uniquely. On that basis set and relationship harmony and mutuality of church and state, as in Byzantium, and later in Serbia. Archimandrite Sava using Studenica typicon -the first constitution of the Serbian Church -managed in the best way to highlight all that contain terms: church autonomy, self statehood, independence, identity

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Legal Protection of Woman's rights. The principle of Non discrimination, the Fundamental Principle of Rights

Author(s): Valentin-Stelian Bădescu / Language(s): English / Issue: 4/2015

Keywords: equality of chances between men and women; fundamental human rights; EU rights; Romanian constitution; morals; religion; culture and civilization

The need for legal protection and chance equality between men and women is an essential element of harmonious human development. In the legal protection of one's rights aspect, the human being exposes the deepest and most personal features, tendencies, one accomplishes one's deepest wishes, all of them enlightening one's true personality. Legal protection thus ensures a total of rights and obligations, expresses a number of features and qualities of human personality, has an influence on a person's health and sanity and therefore it is the reason for which the majority of states have included this value amongst the ones that must be taken into consideration even by instrumental implementation of criminal law

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Some considerations regarding the legal nature and the status of central autonomous public authorities

Author(s): BEZERIŢĂ (TOMESCU ) Luciana / Language(s): English / Issue: 4/2015

Keywords: central autonomous authorities; autonomous administrative authorities; constitutional status; legal status; legal nature

Based on art. 116 and art. 117 par. (3) of the Constitution of Romania, as republished, which enshrines the establishment and organization of central autonomous administrative authorities, taking into account art. 73 par. (3) of the Constitution which decrees the scope and authorities that are regulated by organic law and having regard to the considerations expressed by the Constitutional Court in the contents of its case law, especially in relation to art. 115 par. (6) of the constitutional text according to which the emergency ordinances do not affect the regime of state fundamental institutions, we aimed in this article at analysing some distinctions concerning the legal nature, executive / administrative or not, of the central autonomous authorities in relation to their constitutional or legal status

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–History of the Legal Profession in Romania – –moments, people and personalities –

Author(s): F R I E D M A N N – N I C O L E S C U Iosif / Language(s): English / Issue: 4/2015

Keywords: Lawyer; Palace of Justice; Tribunal

Short History of legal profession in Romania presents several personalities of national legal culture

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The European Union and Interational Treaties: is there a Step towards Better Compliance with International Law?

Author(s): GÂLEA Ion / Language(s): English / Issue: 4/2015

Keywords: European Union; treaties; competence; rule of law

As the European Union intends to become a global actor, its position towards treaties is increasingly important for the issue of achieving the highest degree of compliance with international law. On one hand, the European Union might have an increasing role in concluding itself international treaties: in this case, the questions that appear are to which extent the EU has competence in this sense and what is the legal value of international treaties in the domestic law o the European Union and its Member States. On the other hand, European Union law might affect treaties concluded by the Member States themselves: both in relation to third countries and in ”inter-se” relations. This study attempts to examine these questions from the perspective of the security of treaty relations in general. At the same time, the study departs from the assumption that one of the essential components of international rule of law is its domestic implementation. Therefore, the role of the EU is analysed also from this perspective

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Considerations Regarding Professional Training

Author(s): Eufemia Vieriu / Language(s): English / Issue: 4/2015

Keywords: professional training; professional education; initial training; continuous training

Professional training is a learning process that implies accumulating knowledge, refining competences, concepts, rules or changing attitudes and behaviors in order to improve people’s performances both at the work place and in their day to day lives. Gaining knowledge and competences through life is a fundamental condition for individual and professional development, for the growth of the adaptation and employment capacity. Within this material there will be approached aspects referring to the presentation of the present legal and institutional environment of professional training in Romania; also it will treat some aspects referring to the stimulation and protection of this activity

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The Civil Legal Liability –Social Implications

Author(s): Ciongaru Emilian / Language(s): English / Issue: 4/2015

Keywords: liability; order of law; the legal liability; legal norms; the public constraint

The common meaning of the notion of liability is that of an obligation to bear the consequences of not conforming toa specific rule of conduct by the party guilty to have committed an act contrary to the rule and who is always subject to social disapproval of such a conduct. Therefore, the legal liability is defined as a legal situation specific to the public constraint entailed by the breach or non-compliance of the legal norms in effect. Having regard to the need for the legal liability as a constraint legal relation that arises following the breach of a legal provision by a natural or a legal person, one may considerthe legal liability to be the complex of rights and related obligations which, according to the law, arise following the making of an illicit act, and constitute the framework for performing the public constraint by way of applying the legal sanctions forthe purposes of ensuring the stability of the social relations and guiding the members of the society towards complying with the order of law

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General Considerations Regarding the Classification, Record and Prevention of Occupational Diseases

Author(s): Dumitru Vieriu / Language(s): English / Issue: 4/2015

Keywords: occupational disease; the classification of professional diseases; attributions of the labor medicine services; protection through medical services

The occupational disease is an affection whose specific etiological agents (physical, chemical or biological adverse factors) exist at the work place and are associated with certain industrial operations or with exercising certain professions or crafts. The prevention of the occurrence of occupational diseases is made by applying some technical, organizational and sanitary methods that ensure the avoidance or diminution of the action of the risk factors on the human body.This material treats thenotion of occupational disease, its judicial framing, classification and record; also there will be approached aspects regarding the activity and methods of avoiding occupational diseases

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The cultural defense : possible correlations and applications within the framework of women’s rights

Author(s): BERNA Maria Beatrice / Language(s): English / Issue: 4/2015

Keywords: the cultural defense; women’s rights; community rights; universalism; relativism

In the present paper, we aim to reveal in a non-exhaustive manner the peculiarities of the cultural-juridical institution that is circumscribed to the American system of justice : the cultural defense. By applying the deductive method of reaserch, we will proceed to presenting the conceptualization patterns of the cultural defense so that finally, we will undertake the case-law analysis of the cultural defense and of the impact that it has upon women’s rights. The essential idea that we will upheld throughout our paper consists in the suis generis character of the cultural defense –a suis generis character that becomes notable even in the hypothesis of applying the cultural defense in the field of women’s rights. We deem that, the possible legal recognitionof the cultural defense represents a manifestation of legal pluralism and of substantial equality –the latter being based upon the right of the individual to being different. In the same token, we deem that, the formalization of the cultural defense as amitigating factor of the punishment constitues a legal instrument that will ensure the equilibrium between the right to identityof the cultural communities –as a collective right and the individual rights of women that are circumscribed within the more extensive sphere of human rights

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Aspects of comparative law regarding the causes which remove the criminal character of the deed, respectively the justifiable causes and the impunity causes

Author(s): Răducan MOREGA Diana Elena / Language(s): English / Issue: 4/2015

Keywords: criminal codes; legal systems; Western Europe; Asia; comparative research

This paper focuses on research into the causes that remove the criminalnature of the act and of the justifiable causes and impunity causes respectively, under various legal systems, both in Western Europe and Asia. This panoramic approach allows the observation of both similarities and differences regarding this institution under the studied criminal codes, regulatory arrangements being similar, but also different at the same time, compared to the Romanian legislation and that of the Republic of Moldavia.Differences refer not only to the name or location within the criminal law, but also to the very foundation and conditions these causes must meet.The comparative research of criminal law in various countries are of special theoretical and practical importance, being able to provide viable solutions to the problems and non-unified solutions within the national law. Moreover, comparative studies are commonly used in the preparatory processes of law drafting, the method of comparative law having a double role: it facilitates the creation of new law, and leads to a supranational unification of Rights

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The European Union political economy reflected through the associations and foundations activity

Author(s): Diana Anca Artene / Language(s): English / Issue: 4/2015

Keywords: nonprofit sector; associations; foundations; social economy; social enterprises

The concern for the control and management of money received by the Romanian state through the European programs aimed at developing the civil society was mostly noticedafter 1993. In 1994, the EU delegation head Karen Fog came up with the idea of establishing a foundation to manage money for NGOs. Under these circumstances, in 1994 was founded the Foundation for the Developing of the Civil Society (FDSC) which represented an important step in developing this area. The nonprofit sector development was possible due to the legal regulation that allows every employee to donate 2% of income tax to NGOs. In Romania, this was possible startingwith 2006, as part of the European Union`s influence with respect to the social economy concept. Once Romania joined the European Union its influence was felt through the Sectoral Operational Program "Human Resources Development” 2007-2013 which allocatedmoney for this sector. The developing of the social economy model in the E.U., but also in Romania has determined both at a European and local level to promote this type of social affairs, social entrepreneurial and the microfinance of this type of sector. The fulfilment of these objectives is pursued by the European Council and the European Parliament for the period 2014-2020. A legitimate question would be what Social Economy is in fact?

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State of Emergency Decrees and Laws Legislative Delegation in the Rule of Law

Author(s): Mircea Tutunaru / Language(s): English / Issue: 4/2015

Keywords: constitution; rule of law; legislative delegation; state of emergency, law decree

Like any state, and the rule of law can go through moments of crisis, triggered either by internal factors or external factors. Serious hazards may threaten the rule of law and the normal social life, economic and political. In such situations it is needed sometimes prompt and vigorous measures limiting citizens certain rights and a transfer of certain powers of Parliament over the Executive. Taking these steps should be within the limits set by the Constitution, taking into account that today constitutions are based generally on the idea of rule of law

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HEALTH AND WORLD-COMPREHENSION. HANS GEORG GADAMER‘S PHILOSOPHICAL APPROACH TO MODERN MEDICINE

GESUNDHEIT UND WELTVERSTÄNDNIS. HANS GEORG GADAMERS PHILOSOPHISCHE AUSEINANDERSETZUNG MIT DER MEDIZIN

Author(s): Alina Noveanu / Language(s): German / Issue: 2/2016

Keywords: body; health; disease; death; medicine; phenomenology; hermeneutics.

Health and World-Comprehension. Hans Georg Gadamer‘s Philosophical Approach to Modern Medicine. The text focuses primarily on Gadamer’s essays surrounding the phenomenology of health. As a starting point, health has to be defined as a philosophical problem – this is what the text does by presenting different interpretations on the concept (Friedrich Nietzsche, Aaron Antonovsky or World Health Organization). Every single attempt to define health presents either the difficulty of not being entirely free of negative determination (such as the absence of disease) or it looses it’s complete reliability by including the subjective view of the individual. What exactly causes the loss of the feeling of well-being, when the physical symptom remains absent? Gadamer’s rather complex view on the entire phenomenon “health” includes the discussion with the Greek Antiquity. The other line of tradition included in the discussion is the phenomenology of Husserl and Heidegger. Gadamer shows, leaning on Heidegger, that one very important aspect within the understanding of health is the integration of negativity: pain, anxiety or disease, the death of the other are not to be seen as strange or absurd phenomena, but as belonging to life itself. One’s “health” depends on how the individual understands this kind of negativity and integrates it into his whole view on the surrounding “world”. This, following Gadamer (and Viktor von Weizsäcker) can happen only by going through the negative experience by acknowledging it as a part of personal history and not by choosing to ignore it or simply “cure it away”: pain or disease are hermeneutical “problems” as much as medical issues and they have to be understood on both sides, as well on the side of the physician as on the patient’s side in order to be treated in a complete manner. In other words, against a technical view on the human body, Gadamer argues that it is nature itself that has to be helped and allowed to restore the fine balance between the individual and his world which, ultimately, seems to be one of the keys to the “enigma of health”.

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THE THREE SHADOWS FROM THE PICTURE OF DORIAN GRAY

Author(s): Ştefan Bolea / Language(s): English / Issue: 2/2016

Keywords: The Fall; Jungian shadow; decreation; awakening; individualism; aestheticism; ethics; symbolism; new Hedonism; nihilism; transfer of personality; psychology of influence; demonism; theosis; existentia

Oscar Wilde’s novel The Picture of Dorian Gray (1891) becomes especially interesting when one analyzes it through the hermeneutical lenses of The Garden of Eden complex. The comparison between Dorian’s decreation and the Fall of Adam and Eve was not yet researched taking into consideration the Hegelian-Kierkegaardian insights about “lost innocence” and “revolutionary freedom”. I have also investigated the ideal of “total existence” proposed by Lord Henry Wotton and his Symbolist eulogy of Beauty. Moreover, the Jungian concept of the shadow was used to explain the dynamics between the two main characters of the novel. The destruction of ethics, which reminds us of Nietzsche and Rimbaud and the final Kierkegaardian collapse of aestheticism transforms Oscar Wilde into a complex author who deserves a thorough philosophical analysis.

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THE INCONSCIENT NEED OF EXCEPTION IN ALL THE COUNTRIES WHERE STANDARDS ARE GOUVERNING

LE BESOIN D’EXCEPTIONS NÉGATIVES DANS LES PAYS GOUVERNÉS PAR LA NORME

Author(s): Jean-Jacques Sarfati / Language(s): French / Issue: 2/2016

Keywords: exception; law; justice; standards.

The Inconscient Need of Exception in All the Countries where Standards are Gouverning. How can we explain the current legal situation in France in this moment? This country opted for the state of emergency which question several part of its legal human rights.Of course, the tragic situation which knows this country -and with him all western Europe- is at the origin of this cruel situation. However, here, the Author proposes another explanation which naturally not exclude the others.France and with her all the occidental world - opted for legal normativisme. This normativisme highlight the idea of laws, principles and norms and ignores the notion of exception. This term was effectively studied by C. Schmitt but this author proposed a too reduced and dogmatic approach.This approach as influenced Europe but it’s not what we need for law. The Author proposes here a more open signification of the term and a positive sens for him (for example: moments of big national and international enjoyment). In other words for him, if you give to people more joy and exceptional happiness, it will not the "inconscientious" desire of tragic exception. When one excludes exception of law, it comes back, but not in her "good" and pleasant sense.

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WHEN CHILDREN BECOME PARENTS. PSYCHOSOCIAL ASPECTS, MEDICAL AND ETHICAL ISSUES RELATED TO MOTHERHOOD AMONG TUNISIAN TEENAGERS

QUAND LES ENFANTS DEVIENNENT PARENTS. ASPECTS PSYCHO-SOCIAUX, MÉDICAUX ET ETHIQUES LIES À LA MATERNITÉ PARMI LES ADOLESCENTES TUNISIENNES

Author(s): Skander Ben Khessib,Magdalena Iorga,Demetra-Gabriela Socolov / Language(s): French / Issue: 2/2016

Keywords: adolescence; pregnancy; ethics; Tunisia.

When Children Become Parents. Psychosocial Aspects, Medical and Ethical Issues Related to Motherhood among Tunisian Teenagers. Teenage pregnancy is a wide spread phenomenon in the World. Pregnant during adolescence has a lot of consequences related to psychological, medical, social, legal and ethical aspects. Comparing to other countries, Tunisia has lower rates in teenage pregnancy. Demographical policies doubled by contraception programs and the legacy of termination of pregnancies lead to a decreasing number of children and also a higher number of pregnancies among teenagers. The paper is presenting psychological, social, legal and ethical problems related to teenage pregnancy in Tunisia.

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COMMUNICATIVE EFFICIENCY AND/OR COMPREHENSIVE COMMUNICATION: THESES FOR THE TURN

Author(s): Károly Veress / Language(s): English / Issue: 2/2016

Keywords: paradigm; model; axiom; interaction; semiotics; turn; communicative efficiency; comprehensive communication.

My study contains theses related to the three fundamental models of the communication process: the mathematical, the interactional, and the semiotic model, in order to outline the main directions designated by the restructuring of these models under the influence of the turn signalled by the axiom “one cannot not communicate”. The main objective is to present the conditions of possibility and the opportunities of the hermeneutics of communication resulting from the turn.

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