Who was protopolit Zoilus from Cherson?

Кем был протополит Зоил Херсонский?

Author(s): Stefan Albrecht / Language(s): Russian / Issue: 7/2015

Keywords: Byzantine; history; protopolit; Cherson; organisation of urban self-administration

Despite centuries of research, the history of Byzantine Taurica still has not been studied fully. So, there is still debate about the meaning of terms denoting positions. For example, until now it believed that protopolit Zoilus from Сherson was a high-ranking member of the city government. But we do not think so. We conducted a study to prove that this term is used almost exclusively in the eastern Mediterranean, where, in fact, it happens. Based on this, we conclude that Zoilus was not a senior member of the municipal government. Most likely, he was the leader of the local Jewish community or Syrian. We are carrying out our findings to the scientific discussion.

Annalistic article of 1044 year and the miracle of resurrection through baptism in the “Lives of Holy bishops of Сherson”

Летописная статья 1044 г. и чудо воскрешения через крещение в «Житиях херсонских святых епископов»

Author(s): Natalja Pohilko / Language(s): Russian / Issue: 7/2015

Keywords: Ancient Russia; Cherson; bogomilism; baptism of the dead; Lives of Holy Bishops of Cherson; Speech of the Philosopher; chronicle

In the article an episode of the Lives of Holy Bishops of Cherson describing a miracle of resurrection through the baptism of the dead boy is defined as an editorial insertion. The author believes that the emphasis on the libation with holy water, the omission of some important parts of the rite of catechesis and baptism, general catechetical orientation of the Lives have the same origins as the special actualization of the theme of baptism with "water" in the Speech of the philosopher of the chronicle — text of catechetical content with some allusions to Bogomilism. The baptism of the bones of Oleg and Yaropolk and other themes and motifs, common to the Lives and chronicle, are hypothetically associated with the church-religious controversy with the Bogomilismic heresy, actual in Russia in X—XII centuries.

The Last Feast of Prince Rostislav: the Political Context of the Relations of Rus’ and Byzantium in Taman and Taurica in the 60s—70s of XI century

Последний пир князя Ростислава: политический контекст отношений Руси и Византии на Тамани и в Таврике в 60-е — 70-е гг. XI в.

Author(s): Alexandr A. Romensky / Language(s): Russian / Issue: 7/2015

Keywords: Byzantium; Rus’ Tmutorokan’; Cherson; prince Rostislav Vladimirovich; catepanate; feast

The article is devoted to the peculiarities of Rus’— Byzantine relations in Taman, and specific role of Tmutorokan’ as condominate possession of Byzantium and Rus’. The discussed details of the biography of Prince Rostislav Vladimirovich are revealed, as well as the question of the reasons for his poisoning by the katepano of Cherson and perception of this murder. The evidence about the hypothetical uprising of the Cherson residents in the 60s — 70s of XI c. and the campaign against Cherson of Princes Vladimir Monomakh and Gleb Svyatoslavich is analyzed. The data on the campaign against Korsun’ in 1077 seems unlikely.

The so-called Moscovite Chronicle of the second quarter of the 17th century on the varieties of the Russian-Crimean military confrontation and diplomatic contacts in the 1570-90s

Отражение перипетий военного противостояния и дипломатических контактов России и Крыма (1570-х – 1590-х гг.) в так называемом Московском летописце второй четверти XVII в.

Author(s): Yakov Grigorievich Solodkin / Language(s): Russian / Issue: 7/2015

Keywords: The so-called Moscovite Chronicle and its sources; Russia; the Crimean Khanate; the Molodinskaya battle; Gazi Giray II assault of Moscow; the 1598 Russian-Crimean talks in Serpukhov

A compilation, presumably created in Mikhail Fyodorovich’s late reign and mistaken by its publishers for the Moscovite Chronicle, reflects a number of key developments in the Russian-Crimean relations in the final quarter of the 16th century, such as the Molodinskaya battle, pictured in a lengthy witness-based tale, khan Gazi Giray II assault of Moscow in 1591, and the conclusion of a bilateral agreement in the very early days of Boris Fyodorovich’s reign. The objective of this paper is to establish the sources and the reliability of the evidence in the work under consideration, which is achieved by means of comparing the so-called Moscovite Chronicle to other narrative works, alongside other official records pertaining to 1572 and 1591 skirmishes near Moscow as well as the 1598 Russian-Crimean talks in Serpukhov. One of suchlike sources, contributing to tracing the details of the Molodinskaya battle, is most likely to have originated in the Department of Appointments and Ranks (Russian Razryadnyi Prikaz). The tale of Russian troops defeating Gazi Giray II detachments near Moscow appears to have originated from a book of appointments and ranks, annotated by the Yanovs noblemen. The author of the compilation in question owes the evidence on the 1598 Russian-Crimean peace treaty to a tale specifying the circumstances of Boris Godunov’s enthronement.

Historical and architectural objects and features of urban development in the Crimean peninsula in the context of Karaites history

Историко-архитектурные объекты и особенности застройки городов Крымского полуострова в контексте истории караимов

Author(s): Dmitry Prokhorov / Language(s): Russian / Issue: 7/2015

Keywords: Crimea; Karaites; historical and architectural heritage; urban development

This publication analyses a problem of localization of what’s been called «Karaite’s neighborhoods» in urban infrastructure of cities of the Crimean peninsula, and also a number of objects that are of great historical and architectural significance. The article is grounded on the works and publications of both pre-revolutionary and modern historians and specialists, as well as documentation of institutions engaged in the protection of monuments of national importance on the territory of the Crimean peninsula, and the materials stored in the State Archive of the Republic of Crimea.

Countermarks on copper coins of the Bosporus archon Asander

Надчеканки на медных монетах боспорского архонта Асандра

Author(s): Mikhail M. Choref / Language(s): Russian / Issue: 7/2015

Keywords: Bosporus; history; numismatics; Asander; Dynamis; Polemon I; differents; monogram; countermark

The paper presents a study of countermarks on coins of Asander, a Bosporus archon. We believe that the countermarks when stamped at the time of Polemon I. We have discovered that the countermark with a mace, or a fighting stick different was stamped at the Dioscurias strategy mint. We date the countermark back to 14 BC, which was the time when the Bosporians confronted Polemon I for the first time. A star-like countermark was used at the mint of Aspurgians and appeared as a result of the uprising against Polemon I in the Asian side of Bosporus as a reaction to Polemon I’s marriage to Pifodorida. This countermark had been stamped starting from 12 BC and used until the death of the Roman appointee. We have analyzed the monogram containing the symbols of “A”, “E” and “T”, on the newly identified countermark and we also date it back to 12 BC. We believe that these symbols stand for the first letters of the name and indicate the position of the nobleman who was the rebel leader and had ruled Tanais and the neighbouring towns before the Roman appointee.We believe that at the time of Polemon I there were regional power centers emerging in the eastern part of the Bosporan Kingdom beyond the control of the official Panticapaeum, and such centers could authorize countermarking. Judging by the countermarks, most of them lasted for a relatively short time. For example, coins with a mace countermark were extremely rare, as were bronze coins with a monogram. At the same time, there was a star-like countermark on the set of obols circulating in the time of Asander. In our opinion, this fact testifies to the duration of the emission center and the power body authorizing the countermarks on coins.We believe that the countermarks on coins indicate how severe the crisis in the Bosporan Kingdom was in terms of the state’s reaction towards the Roman interference in kingdom’s internal affairs at the turn of the new age.

Coin as a Means of Propaganda (According to Georgian Numismatics)

Coin as a Means of Propaganda (According to Georgian Numismatics)

Author(s): Tedo Dundua,Emil Avdaliani / Language(s): English / Issue: 7/2015

Keywords: Georgia; Numismatics; Mithras; Iran; Byzantium; Tbilisi; Propaganda

Everywhere coin facilitated exchange of goods. It was employed also for different propaganda. Georgians did the same as seen in the monetary groups and types as follows: municipal copper coins of Trapezus with the effigy of Mithras, Georgian-Sassanian drachms, Georgian-Byzantine coins, coins of Giorgi III — king with falcon on hand. So, at least some of monetary types issued in Georgia served for propaganda.

To a question of time of the termination of issue of the Cherson-Byzantine coins with monograms of “Basil” name and “despot” title in Cherson

К вопросу о времени прекращения эмиссии херсоно-византийских монет с монограммами имени «Василий» и титула «деспот»

Author(s): V.V. Khapaev / Language(s): Russian / Issue: 7/2015

Keywords: Byzantine Cherson; numismatics; monetary emission; indoor coin complex

The article deals with the question of the duration of emission in Cherson bronze Byzantine coins with monograms words “Basil” and “despot” traditionally attributed to the initial period of the reign of Emperor Basil II. Based on the statistical analysis of closed coin complexes abroad X—XI centuries of excavation of Cherson, in which the above-mentioned coin-type account for 25% of the number of members, it was concluded that the coin type issued until the first decade of the XI c., but not before 988 or 989 year, as previously thought.

Ceramic complex of Chersonese Taurian (on the materials BSP – the Black Sea project at the "Basilica of 1935")

Керамический комплекс Херсонеса Таврического (по материалам BSP – Причерноморского проекта у «Базилики 1935 г.»)

Author(s): Sergey V. Ushakov / Language(s): Russian / Issue: 2/2010

Keywords: Archaeology; Ancient Chersonesus; History; ceramics

The aim of the research was to study the ancient pottery found during excavations of the territory of the "Basilica in 1935". I believe that this material can be used to create a chronological scale ceramics from Chersonesos and its modern archeological periodization and the reconstruction of economic and trade relations of ancient Chersonese Taurian in the Black and Mediterranean seas.

Graffiti on amphoras of the VIII-XI centuries of the Southeast Crimea. Accumulation of source study base

Граффити на амфорах Юго-Восточного Крыма VIII–XI вв. Накопление источниковедческой базы

Author(s): V.V. Mayko / Language(s): Russian / Issue: 2/2010

Keywords: Archaeology; early medieval Taurica; History; ceramics, graffiti

In this work graffiti on amphoras of the southeast Crimea by VIII – the beginnings of the XI centuries are considered. The basis of the publication is made by the copies received at medieval Sugdei's excavation, a monument on a plateau of Tepsen and the settlement of Tau-Kipchak. For analogies materials of excavation of Bosporus, rural settlements of the Kerch Peninsula and materials of excavation of potter's workshops in the Kanak beam and near page are used. Sea (natural boundary Choban-Coolah).

To a problem of colonization of the European Bosporus

К проблеме колонизации европейского Боспора

Author(s): A.O. Oleshkevich / Language(s): Russian / Issue: 2/2010

Keywords: Archaeology; History; Northern Black Sea Coast; Bosporus; Greek colonization

The colonization of the coast of the Cimmerian Bosporus is acutely controversial domestic issue in antiquity. This is due primarily to the extremely weak reflection in the sources of the history of the Bosporus region VI. BC. e. This work is dedicated to a specific aspect of the problem - the concept of so-called internal colonization of the Bosporus.

Images emperors Julio-Claudian dynasty for gold, silver and copper coinage of Chersonesus

Изображения императоров династии Юлиев–Клавдиев на золоте, серебре и меди херсонесского чекана

Author(s): Mikhail M. Choref / Language(s): Russian / Issue: 2/2010

Keywords: Archaeology; History; Taurica; Chersonesus; Roman Empire; Julio-Claudian dynasty; numismatics

One of the most interesting problems of antique numismatics is the provincial attribution images on coins of the Roman domination. These are the busts of the rulers of the empire, the governors, as well as figures of deities and their attributes. In this vein it is considered a fairly controversial issue of the attribution of the images on the coins of Chersonesus coinage. As suggested, they then placed the image of the Roman emperors and their families. The thesis is illustrated by coins Julio-Claudian dynasty.

The earliest evidence of emergence ῾Ροῦς on the Byzantine historical scene

Древнейшие свидетельства появления ῾Ροῦς на византийской исторической сцене

Author(s): K.K. Akentev / Language(s): Russian / Issue: 2/2010

Keywords: Byzantium; Slavs; migrations; written sources

One of the key issues of the modern Slavic Studies is to establish the time of occurrence of ethnonyms. Yes, they are recorded in written sources. However, their interpretation is not unambiguous. The study was conducted in order to establish the origin of the term Ροῦς.

Three types of λωρικια of Constantine Porphyrogenitus and armor holy warriors on steatite icons from the excavations of the medieval Chersonesos (to statement of a question)

Три вида λωρικια Константина Багрянородного и доспехи святых воинов на стеатитовых иконах из раскопок средневекового Херсонеса (к постановке вопроса)

Author(s): Gennady Baranov / Language(s): Russian / Issue: 2/2010

Keywords: Archeology; History; Byzantium; weapons; art

One of the most intriguing moments in the history of the use of protective arms in the Byzantine army is the message of the Emperor Constantine Porphyrogenitus in his treatise "On the ceremonies of the Byzantine court". The study was conducted with the purpose of attribution of protective arms λωρικια and determine its species.

"Natural German native Prussian, <...> who gave a lifetime of Russia"

«Природный немец, родом пруссак, <…> отдавший всю жизнь России»

Author(s): Mikhail M. Choref / Language(s): Russian / Issue: 3/2011

Ukrainian-Alan parallels in the funeral rites

Украино-ананские параллели в погребальной обрядности

Author(s): K.Ju Rahno / Language(s): Russian / Issue: 3/2011

Keywords: Archaeology; history; cultural studies; funeral rites

The article is dedicated to the analogous rites in the funeral ceremonials of the medieval Alans, described by Giosafat Barbaro, and the Ukrainians, described by Jean Benoît Scherer. These rites can be regarded as one of the results of the cultural interaction between the Iranophone population of the Eastern European steppes and the Slavs.

On the question of the original liturgical planning cave churches with three Conch of Eski-Kermen

К вопросу о первоначальной литургической планировке триконхиальных пещерных церквей Эски-Кермена

Author(s): N.V. Dneprovskiy,V.A. Shkurdoda / Language(s): Russian / Issue: 3/2011

Keywords: Archaeology; history; Christian archaeology; Taurica

Not the first generation of scientists engaged in archaeological study of Eski-Kermen. However, not all its secrets yet managed to solve. Particularly difficult to trace the history of cave churches. Obviously, it's time to attract a special kind of experts – priests. However, examples of such cooperation is not enough. The authors of this paper attempted to demonstrate the scientific community, as can be fruitful, such contacts. The present article is devoted to clarify the causes and circumstances of the emergence trikonhialnyh cave temples in the Crimea.

Cave construction of east cliff of settlement Kiz-Kerman

Пещерные сооружения восточного обрыва городища Кыз-Кермен

Author(s): N.V. Dneprovskiy / Language(s): Russian / Issue: 3/2011

Keywords: Archaeology; history; Christian archaeology; Taurica

One of the biggest challenges now facing the church in archeology, is to develop a method of dating Taurida cave cult complexes. In order to bring it closer to resolution, the author enters into scientific results of his study of caves in eastern cliff fort Kiz-Kermen. One of them (room number 2) could be a cave church.

Shards of Gotha archdiocese: the final of Christian cave complexes in the Don region

Осколки Готской митрополии: финал христианских пещерных комплексов в Подонье

Author(s): Yuri Yu. Shevchenko / Language(s): Russian / Issue: 3/2011

Keywords: Archaeology; history; Christian archaeology; Don region

Gothic metropolis existed at the time of the First Ecumenical Council of the Church at Nicea 325 AD, when the Theophilus of Bosporus, Exarch of Gothia is mentioned together with the Cadmus the bishop of the Bosporus. This division of the Church for some time has lost the status of archdiocese, as receiver of Theophilus – Ulfilas only the office of a bishop of Gotha. However, Metropolis is preserved for 787–791 years. As seen on notitsii of the seven dioceses of its composition at this time. Conservation of this large church education could not contribute to an active Christian preaching in the northern Black Sea coast among Savirien and their allies Antes (Kardosta and Makarios) in postgunnskoe time, as well as the adoption of Christianity Bulgarian (Savirs) Prince Alp-Ilitver in 682 was one of the dioceses of the Gotha Metropolis – Onogurs geographically consistent with the Great Bulgaria, stretching from the Don to the Dnepr (judging by the findings in the Dnieper left bank of the Great Khan's funeral Bulgaria Kubrat). Among the cave-Christian churches Don region has thrones that are adjacent to the apse, not intended for service around the throne after the order of the Liturgy of St. Basil bet before making Trullan Cathedral Church (692). Planimetry cave temples of the region (Cholki) and archaeological materials (Divnogorie have Mayatsky settlement) indicates the continuation of their practice of prayer during the reign of the Khazar khanate (VIII–X centuries). And later - at the time of the Old Russian state. Version of "desolation" of land south-east Russia in the XIV–XV centuries. (A.A. Shakhmatov) contrary to the operation at this time of cave complexes Divnogorie (V.V. Stepkin) and Svjatogorsk cave monastery that arose at this time. It was found slate inset Panagia depicting St. Nicholas of Myra, surrounded by seven young men, sleeping in a cave at Ephesus. It dates from no earlier than XII and XIV centuries in later. Strap on the front side of a silver folding of Panagia Svya-togorye with the face of Christ, Bishop and titla Hebrew belongs to a series of early bivalve panagias XIV–XV centuries. Along with the glass vessels of Cvyatogorye and glazed pots, paten, having numerous Crimean analogy, these findings indicate that the basis and operation of cave monastrery in the era of the Mongol-Tatar yoke.

Hypothesis of A.A. Nikonov of the devastating earthquake in 1041 in the Crimea: the question of the reliability of the source base

Гипотеза А.А. Никонова о разрушительном землетрясении 1041 г. в Крыму: к вопросу о достоверности источниковой базы

Author(s): V.V. Khapaev / Language(s): Russian / Issue: 3/2011

Keywords: Archaeology; Medieval Crimea; History; Geography

The article deals the analysis of arguments, adduced by seismologist Andrei Nikonov for benefit of hypothesis of destructive earthquake in Crimea in 11th century. Arguments were put forward in a joint article with Inna Antonova «Vestiges of destructive earthquakes in Chersonesos and its outskirts in the Roman time and Early Medieval period». The author arrives at a conclusion that A. Nikonov arguments are based on fallacious using of archeological data and relocation of artifacts dated to different times (from 5th till 19th centuries) to the 11th century to prove the hypothesis of earthquake. The A. Nikonov dating of this earthquake by 1041 as it was supposedly mentioned by John Skilitsa in the story of Peter Delean revolt is also criticized.