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A Bulgarian Document in Arkhangelsk’s Archive

Български документ в архива на Архангелск

Author(s): Evgeniy Koltovoy / Language(s): Bulgarian / Issue: 1-2/2014

Keywords: Arkhangelsk; Arkhangelsk’s regional archive; First Balkan War; Bulgarian Red Cross; charity initiative; donations

Based on a newly found document in Arkhangelsk’s regional archive (Russia) the current short message brings the attention on one unknown until now charity initiative – the collection of donations in Arkhangelsk during the First Balkan War and sending them to Bulgaria with the cooperation of the Bulgarian Red Cross.

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Letters for India

Писма за Индия

Author(s): Violina Atanasova / Language(s): Bulgarian / Issue: 1-2/2014

Keywords: India; Indira Gandhi; Jawaharlal Nehru; letters; Bulgarian citizents

India is one of the countries which is popular among the biggest circles in the Bulgarian community. Based on letters written by the Bulgarian citizens during the 1950s until 1980s to official institutions like the Bulgarian Embassy in Delhi, The Ministry of Foreign Affairs etc., this article looks at the Bulgarian response to the information spread about this country and the perception of its culture and society.

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Simić, B. In the Spirit of National Ideology

Simić, B. In the Spirit of National Ideology

Author(s): Nikolay Poppetrov / Language(s): Bulgarian / Issue: 1-2/2014

Keywords: national ideology; state propaganda; Eastern Europe; Southeastern Europe; Poland; Yugoslavia; Bulgaria

A presentation of “In the Spirit of National Ideology: organization of State Propaganda in Eastern and Southeastern Europe in the 1930s, comparative perspectives on Poland, Yugoslavia and Bulgaria” by Bojan Simić.

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Educational and Publishing Activity of Resurrectionist of the Uniate Church in Edirne (f. Adrianople), 1863–1914

Информационно-издателската дейност на възкресенския униатски център в Одрин, 1863–1914

Author(s): Wojciech Józwiak / Language(s): Bulgarian / Issue: 1-2/2014

Keywords: Uniate Orthodox Church; religious literature; Bulgaria; Congregation of the Resurrection of Our Lord Jesus Christ; Tomasz Brzeski; Hieronim Kajsiewicz; Josaphat Kuntsevych; Paweł Smolikowski; Edirne

Members of the Congregation of the Resurrection of Our Lord Jesus Christ have been active in Edirne/Odrin (f. Adrianople) for more than a half of a century, during which period they have used a variety of tactics to increase the number of Bulgarians recognizing religious sovereignty of Rome. Depending of the means chosen by the missionaries there were three main approaches leading towards that goal: religious propaganda, educational and informative way. Manuscripts and publications played essential part of pro-uniate activity in all the three tactics. The authors, translators and often publishers of those documents were members of the mission (the printing house was established at the end of 1870s as a result of the efforts of the superior Tomasz Brzeski)

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On the Education and Lecturer’s Career of the Shipbuilding Engineer Jordan Prashtinkov

За обучението и преподавателската кариера на инженер-корабостроителя Йордан Пращинков

Author(s): Asen Kozhuharov / Language(s): Bulgarian / Issue: 1-2/2014

Keywords: shipbuilding lecturer; Technische Hohschule; Berlin; World War II / Second World War; Bulgarian technical education

The article considers the career of the shipbuilding lecturer Jordan Prashtinkov who graduated from Technische Hohschule, Berlin, in 1943. The author outlines Prashtinkov’s contribution to the Bulgarian technical education including the importance of his publications.

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Baleva, M. Bulgarien im Bild

Baleva, M. Bulgarien im Bild

Author(s): Nikolay Poppetrov / Language(s): Bulgarian / Issue: 1-2/2014

Keywords: Balkan nations; 19th century art; Bulgarian history

A presentation of “Bulgarien im Bild. Die Erfindung von Nationen auf dem Balkan in der Kunst des 19. Jahrhundrts” („Bulgaria in pictures. The founding of the Balkan nations in the art of the 19th century “) by Martina Baleva.

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Atanasova, V. The Bulgarian Mirror

Атанасова, В. Българското огледало

Author(s): Kalina Peeva / Language(s): Bulgarian / Issue: 1-2/2014

Keywords: India; Bulgaria-India relations; imagology; cultural perception

A presentation of “The Bulgarian Mirror. The Image of India in Bulgaria: End of 19th – End of 20th Century” by Violina Atanasova

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A Practice from the Past – Lesson to the Future (About the Bulgarian Experience in Protecting People from the Minorities)

Практика от миналото – урок за бъдещето (За българския опит в покровителството на лицата с националномалцинствен произход)

Author(s): Ognyana Hrisimova / Language(s): Bulgarian / Issue: 1-2/2014

Keywords: national minority; minority language; freedom of religion; geopolicy; national policy

The study analyzes Bulgarian state‘s policy towards the population with an origin amongst the minorities in the period after 1944 till the mid 1980s. It conciders the international legal commitments of the country in this matter as well as the peculiarities of the geopolitical environment in which the processes happen. The autor‘s attention focuces on the government measures in the fields of education and culture; on preserving the minority language; on involving the minorities pepresentatives in the party, administrative and economic life of the country; on the rights of this population to have media and minority language, as well as on the activities in the field of the religion freedom. An impression predominates that there was a consecution of positive activities in the first decades after the year 1944, providing the right to use their own mother tongue, to have an equal participation in the public and the social life, as well as an impression that there was a subsicuent process of a gradual restriction and deprivation from these rights, which reached it‘s peak in the mid 1980s.

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The Dissidents and the Authorities in Imperial Russia in 19th C

Инакомислещите и властта в имперска Русия от XIX век

Author(s): Tina Georgieva / Language(s): Bulgarian / Issue: 1-2/2014

Keywords: dissent; Russian autocracy; censorship; ideology; Slavophiles

The article analyses different ways the Russian autocratic power uses to suppress the free ideas circulation in Russia. Throughout the first half of 19th century and even later the Russian Government shows great intolerance to any opinion that differs from the national ideological doctrine developed under the reign of Emperor Nicholas I. Official authorities believe that criticism undermines the Emperor’s power and thus threatens the stability of the state. That was the reason why Russian Autocracy does not allow even a hint of different point of view to be expressed without royal permission. The Government presents variety of measures to control public opinion – from censorship to arrests and exiles in distant parts of Russian empire.

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An Actual Political Analysis of the Elections on 5.10.2014 (or why is it being kept hidden that the authority problem in Bulgaria is not solved...

Действителен политологически анализ на изборите от 5 октомври 2014 (или защо се прикрива, че въпросът за властта в България не е решен и това е опасно

Author(s): Vladimir Brezoev / Language(s): Bulgarian / Issue: 1-2/2014

Keywords: state; politics; representative democracy; legitimacy; elections; governing; individual rights

This article has the goal to provoke the scientific rethinking of the prominent role that the representative democracy and most of all the parliamentary republic plays in the modern world. The text presents the argument that the vote of the sovereign is being replaced, which results in the uncultured, unprofessional and corrupted way of functioning of the whole country. The text also contains empirical statistics information and makes conclusions about the degrading of the democratic country. The article emphasizes the wrong election laws, as well as the policy of inequality of the election participants, and suggests the need for an immediate change in the Election Code. The text also makes the connection between the governing and the rights and concludes that the good governing is the ‘right’ of the individual.

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To Piece together the Puzzle: the Normalized Prices in Vidin, Russe and Sofia from the Middle of the 17th till the Beginning of the 19th C

Към подреждането на пъзела: нормираните цени във Видин, Русе и София от средата на XVII до началото на XIX век

Author(s): Hristiyan Atanasov / Language(s): Bulgarian / Issue: 1-2/2014

Keywords: Ottoman history; monetary history; price indexes; state-controlled prices

The paper aims to present price indexes that are valid for at least part of the Bulgarian lands during a relatively long period – from the 1650s to 1820s. The data, used for these indexes, are collected from the officially established price ceilings (narh) prepared by the Ottoman provincial authorities in order to secure the regulation of prices of essential goods. The statistical information, related to four cities (Ruse, Vidin, Sofia and Dobrich), is highly representative. It is analyzed within the context of the wars between the Ottomans and other countries at that time and in the light of the debasement of Ottoman coins implemented by the government in Istanbul during the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries.

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The Thessaloniki–Bitola Line – a Part of the Railway Conflict on the Balkans at the Beginning of the 20th C

Линията Солун–Битоля – част от железопътното съперничество на Балканите в началото на XX век

Author(s): Bojidar Kehaiov / Language(s): Bulgarian / Issue: 1-2/2014

Keywords: railway transport; the Balkans; the Thessaloniki-Bitola line; Balkan wars; Great Powers; Macedonia; First World War

The article analyzes the complex relationships concerning the railway transport in West Thrace and Macedonia after the Balkan wars between the Balkan countries, the Great Powers and the private companies – concessionaries of the lines, while concentrating on the conflict of different interests on the Thessaloniki-Bitola intercept. This subject has not been analyzed until now, neither in the Bulgarian history, nor in the other Balkan countries. The importance of this subject is determined by the influence of the railway transport and its condition on the economic development of the region at the beginning of the 20th century. In regard to the changes of the railway transport development in West Thrace and Macedonia after the beginning of the Balkan wars, as well as after the beginning of the First World War, the author follows the destiny of the Thessaloniki-Bitola intercept and its division between Serbia and Greece. He also describes how the two countries try to incorporate this line into their own railways system by building connecting lines. The movements of the Central powers and the Triple Entente concerning the building of a system of narrow-gauge lines for war transport around the lines in Macedonia is also shown, which contributes for a more integrated railway system in the region. The problems concerning the return of the Thessaloniki-Bitola intercept to the Balkan countries after the war are analyzed and also the building of new railway lines is described, which makes possible the connecting of the different lines into one common railway system.

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One Less Known Ethnic Cleansing on the Balkans during the World War II

Едно малко известно етническо прочистване на Балканите през Втората световна война

Author(s): Bisser Petrov / Language(s): Bulgarian / Issue: 1-2/2014

Keywords: Chams / Cham Albanians, World War II / Second World War, Collaborationism; National Republican Greek League (EDES), ethnic cleansing; Zervas; Greek People’s Liberation Army (ELAS)

This article aims to make available to a wider audience some less known, tragic events, happened on the Balkans during the World War II. These events remain as a back ground and as if they fade on the general dramatic background of the occupied by The Axis powers Balkans. They are known to a little number of specialists, mostly from the two concerned sides, Greece and Albania, who in the most of the cases adopt prejudiced national / nationalistic attitudes. The article searches an answer to the question: Why in the turbulent war years the Albanian population in Epirus cooperates with the occupiors and what they win and lose out of this collaborationism. Eventually the adopted conduct turns to be crucial for the destiny of this ethnic and religious minority in Greece.

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The treatments of the functions of prepositional phrases in some grammars of the German language

Die Behandlungen der Funktionen von Präpositionalphrasen in einigen Grammatiken des Deutschen

Author(s): Ana-Maria Cristea / Language(s): German / Issue: 06/2007

Keywords: Grammatiken des Deutschen; syntaktischen Funktionen;

Die vorliegende Arbeit versucht darzustellen, welche syntaktischen Funktionen PrPen (Prapositionalphrasen) austlben konnen. Mein Vorgehen besteht im Wesentlichen darin, die verschiedenartigen Gesichtspunkte, von denen aus man das PrO (Pr~positionalobjekt) und Adverbiale betrachten kann, und die dazu geMrigen Meinungen zusammenfassend zu pmsentieren. Es werden die Funktionen von PrPen gezeigt, so wie sie in verschiedenen Grammatiken des Deutschen dargestellt werden, und zwar in der Duden Grammatik, in der Grammatik von Eisenberg und von Eroms. Dabei werden auf Ahnlichkeiten und Unterschiede in der Behandlungsweise hingewiesen. Die Arbeit soIl Studierenden, die dieses Thema vertiefen wollen, behilflich sein, und zwar als Ausgangspunkt fUr weitere Forschungen in diesem Bereich. In den konsultierten Grammatiken wird das Problem der Unterscheidung zwischen PrPen in adverbialer Funktion und als Objekt behandelt und Kriterien zur Abgrenzung vorgestellt, bzw. auch diskutiert.

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For a better acquisition of the competence of specialized communication in a foreign language

Pour une meilleure acquisition de la competence de communication specialisee en langue etrangere

Author(s): Constantin Păun / Language(s): French / Issue: 06/2007

Keywords: acquisition; competence de communication; elements linguistiques; langue etrangere; milieux professionnels;

Dans eet article, on procede a une analyse des principaux elements linguistiques et socioeulturels qui constituent la trame de la fonnation et du developpement de la competence de communication specialisee en langue etrangere. En outre, on y met en lumiere l'importance des activites langagieres (personnelles et collectives) derouIees en cours de langue et qui sont basees sur Ie principe du "action learning", c'est-a-dire l'accomplissement des taches eommunicatives dirigees ou libres, susceptibles d'ameliorer la competence de communication sp6cialisee indispensable aux echarges d'informations individuels ou sociaux dans les milieux professionnels.

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Frame Establishment and Analysis in Translation

Frame Establishment and Analysis in Translation

Author(s): Daniel Dejica / Language(s): English / Issue: 06/2007

Keywords: frame establishment and analysis; pragmatic texts; IATRIA model; frame constituents;

This paper presents our approach to frame establishment and analysis in pragmatic texts. We use the IATRIA model to (1) establish frames, (2) identifY frame constituents and (3) create cognitive structural relations so as to facilitate source text understanding in the reception phase of the translation process. The paper is to be seen within the framework of translation for which the IATRIA model has been developed.

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The function of the text in GFL teaching

Die Funktion des Textes im DaF-Unterricht

Author(s): Anca Mihaela Carţiş / Language(s): German / Issue: 06/2007

Keywords: Fremdsprache; Rolle des Textes; Funktion der Exemplifizierung; DaF Unterricht

Ausgehend von der Tatsache, dass eine Fremdsprache am besten fiber den Text gelehrt und gelemt wird, analysieren wir in der vorliegende Arbeit den Text aus multidimensionalen Perspektiven. Von der multidimensional en Perspektive her unterscheidet man lexikalische, grammatikslische und pragmatische Merkmale die beim Spracherwerb hilfreich sind. Zwischen den Funktionen der Sprache unterscheidet Jakobsen (1960) eine appellative, eine referentielle und eine expresive Funktion. 1m Zusammenhang mit dem Spracherwerb und der Rolle des Textes legte Wachtel (1986) fiinf Prinzipien der Auswahl von Texten fest: nach Deskription, Narration, Exposition, Argumentation und Instruktion. Sp!1ter kamen BOmer und Vogel (1997) zu der Schlussfolgerung, dass der Text die Funktion der Exemplifizierung von sprachlichen Strukturen in Grammatik und Wortschatz tr!1gt. Heute betrachtet man den Text als eine Folge von Entwicklungsschritten im Verbund mit der Pragmatik. Der Wechsel von der Textualit!1t zur Rezeptionsiisthetik ruhrte zur Notwendigkeit die handlungsorientierten Fertigkeiten im Unterricht auszuuben und es wird gezeigt, dass der Text nicht isoliert behandelt wird, sondem eine integrative Rolle im Fremdsprachenunterricht gewinnt.

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Difficulties concerning the translation between French and Romanian in the field of hippology

Difficultes concernant les traductions entre le français et le roumain dans le domaine de l´hippologieDifficultes concernant les traductions entre le

Author(s): Corina Georgeta Abraham-Barna / Language(s): French / Issue: 06/2007

Keywords: hippologie; lexiques specifiques; difficultes des traductions;

Dans Ie langage scientifique fran9ais du domaine veterinaire, les lexiques specifiques achaque espece du monde animal ont des differences, concernant les parties du corp~, les petits, les maladies specifiques et d'autres aspects, au cadre de la meme langue et, en contraste, entre Ie roumain et Ie fran9ais. Le but de cet ouvrage est de reveler quelques aspects concernant des difficultes des traductions entre Ie fran9ais et Ie roumain dans Ie domaine de l'hippologie. Le cheval represente un des sujets favoris des textes scientifiques du domaine veterinaire, ainsi que son champ semantique est fort developpe.

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Questioning Patterns in the Romanian Courtroom

Questioning Patterns in the Romanian Courtroom

Author(s): Marcela Fărcaşiu / Language(s): English / Issue: 06/2007

Keywords: questioning patterns; Romanian courtroom;

The paper presents the questioning patterns in the Romanian courtroom which greatly differ from the ones in the American courtroom due to the structural differences between the adversarial system oflaw (American) and the inquisitorial one (Romanian).

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The operation of deictic pronominals in French advertising discourse

Le fonctionnement des deictiques pronominaux dans Ie discours publicitaire francais

Author(s): Monica Frunză / Language(s): French / Issue: 06/2007

Keywords: deictiques pronominaux; discours publicitaire; fonctionnement;

L'emploi des deictiques pronominaux dans Ie discours pUblicitaire trahit !,intention des annonceurs d'imprimer une orientation persuasive ace type de discours. Aussi une annonce publicitaire personnalise va-t-eUe susciter beaucoup plus d'interet qu'une annonce generalisee. Les deictiques pronominaux, par leur neutralite semantique, peuvent representer differentes hypostases des partenaires impliques dans l'enonce publicitaire. Par l'emploi des deictiques pronominaux dans Ie discours publicitaire on realise la designation explicite du destinataire : Ie public, Ie potentiel consommateur. Les pronoms employes en publicite montrent la maniere dont Ie contact emetteur/n5cepteur est realise, marquant les relations sociales et la mentalite d'une epoque historique.

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