HISTORICAL REVIEW OF CORONARY SURGERY USING ARTERIAL GRAFTS

ДЯСНА АРТЕРИЯ ГАСТРОЕПИПЛОИКА - ИСТОРИЯ НА НЕЙНОТО ИЗПОЛЗВАНЕ В КОРОНАРНАТА ХИРУРГИЯ

Author(s): Svetoslav Darbokliev,Gencho Nachev,Bojan Abrashev,Zaprin Vajev,Hristo Rahman,Krasimir Kostadinov,Tsariko Galabov,Kamen Stanev / Language(s): Bulgarian / Issue: 01/2011

Coronary artery surgery marks its beginning with the implantation of the internal thoracic arteries in the myocardium performed by Arthur Vineberg. This procedure itself marks the beginning of the era of arterial revascularization of the heart. The development of open heart surgery and the use of arterial grafts in historical aspect is somewhat retarded; sometimes marked by frustrations and imagination of dreamers and innovators with brilliant insights which themselves being turned in to reality, led to the rapid development of the modern cardiac surgery. Those innovators and dreamers, these pioneers, are Carrel and Gibbon whose endless enthusiasm for surgical perfection contributed to the development of coronary surgery techniques including slowing or stopping the heart.

PROFESSOR STOYCHO RADANOV AS EDUCATOR, RESEARCHER AND EXPERT

ПРОФЕСОР СТОЙЧО РАДАНОВ КАТО ПРЕПОДАВАТЕЛ, ИЗСЛЕДОВАТЕЛ И ЕКСПЕРТ

Author(s): Drozdstoj Stoyanov,Alexander Apostolov / Language(s): Bulgarian / Issue: 01/2011

АNNIVERSARIES

SOCIAL-PSYCHOLOGICAL PROFILE OF THE PERPETRATORS OF SEVERE CRIMES AGAINST THE PERSON

СОЦИАЛНО-ПСИХОЛОГИЧЕСКИ ПРОФИЛ НА ИЗВЪРШИТЕЛИТЕ НА ТЕЖКИ ПРЕСТЪПЛЕНИЯ ПРОТИВ ЛИЧНОСТТА

Author(s): Alexander Apostolov / Language(s): Bulgarian / Issue: 01/2011

SOCIAL MEDICINE

PHYSIOTHERAPY EDUCATION IN BULGARIA: HISTORY AND STATE OF THE ART

PHYSIOTHERAPY EDUCATION IN BULGARIA: HISTORY AND STATE OF THE ART

Author(s): Liliya Todorova,Lyudmila Venova / Language(s): English / Issue: 01/2011

Changes in Bulgaria during the last two decades concern all aspects of the social life. Reforms in the educational and health care systems create many new problems for the Physiotherapy profession but reveal new opportunities as well. The continuing development of university programmes in Physiotherapy is a key instrument to meet the higher EU criteria for professional recognition and autonomy.

IN GUESTS TO FERNANDO NAMORA

НА ГОСТИ У ФЕРНАНДУ НАМОРА

Author(s): Miladin Apostolov / Language(s): Bulgarian / Issue: 01/2011

MEDICAL DOCTORS – WRITERS

Approaches to the implementation of sustainable agriculture at the local level: case of Kyiv region, Ukraine

Approaches to the implementation of sustainable agriculture at the local level: case of Kyiv region, Ukraine

Author(s): Lesia Sokol,Valentina Pidlisnyuk / Language(s): English / Issue: 296/2013

Keywords: sustainable agriculture; organic farming; socio-economic development; indicators of sustainability; Kyiv region; Ukraine

State of agriculture for Kyiv region, Ukraine, was overviewed in the article. The analysis of current regional agricultural practice was done in terms of correspondence to the approaches to sustainability. General indicators of regional sustainable development were presented and analyzed.

The idea of partner cities. The example of Łódź

Idea miast partnerskich. Przykład Łodzi

Author(s): Magdalena Kalisiak-Mędelska / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 296/2013

Keywords: local government; co-operation; partner cities

The article raises issues related to one of the symptoms of the international cooperation of local government units which are cities. Its main purpose is to highlight the true extent of this cooperation and its principles and ideas. In addition to the theoretical content, it also focuses on the results of surveys which try to evaluate cooperation, its course, forms and planes in Łódź and its partner cities.

Innovation strategy, policy and system in the region – theoretical approach

Strategia, polityka i system innowacji w regionie – ujęcie teoretyczne

Author(s): Dariusz Głuszczuk / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 296/2013

Keywords: regional innovation strategy; regional innovation policy; regional innovation system

Innovation strategy, policy and system in the region constitute a triad of terms bound in a logical sequence. Its meaning is explained by the concept of regional innovation strategy (RIS), regional innovation policy (RIP) and regional innovation system (RIS). Within this sequence the article focuses on: –– identification of the basic components of RIS and determination of the essence of activities within the project and its function; –– the forms of conducting RIP, especially in the conditions of political empowerment of regional authorities and the need for inter- and intraregional innovation policy; –– description of the idea of RIS and the determination of its basic properties. The analysis ends with the proposed definitions for RIS, RIP and RIS.

Access to public services in rural areas in Opole Voivodeship

Dostęp do usług publicznych na obszarach wiejskich województwa opolskiego

Author(s): Brygida Klemens / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 296/2013

Keywords: public services; rural areas; Opole Voivodeship; availability

The main aim of the article is to present rural areas of Opole Voivodeship in which the access to public services is on a low level. Rural areas are traditional understood as poor and worse developed than cities. Better quality of public services and better quality of technical infrastructure are very important to increase standard of living of rural areas.

Local government vs. alternative financing methods

Samorząd terytorialny kontra alternatywne metody finansowania

Author(s): Kinga Wasilewska / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 296/2013

Keywords: decentralization of finance; budget and no budget form of financing; local government

Local government authorities have to seek new management concepts. The challenge for the government is the increased emphasis on the economic aspects of public funds spending, the need to improve the quality of public services and provide greater efficiency. Today, we see that the role of government is changing. The past socio-economic and political practice has been mainly based on the paternalistic relationship of local government with the central government where the state provides a number of subsidies and guarantees, thus leading to strong dependence of their structures. However, these relations, as well as the attitude of authorities will have to be modified in the direction of greater self-reliance. It seems it is not just a condition for full decentralization of local governments, but rather the only way to achieve their competitiveness. Meanwhile, the problem is the incomplete decentralization and the resistance of local government to use more advanced financial instruments in terms of independence, as it imposes more responsibility on them.

Revitalization as an instrument of regional development policy in the local dimension

Rewitalizacja jako instrument polityki rozwoju regionalnego w wymiarze lokalnym

Author(s): Adam Dąbrowski / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 296/2013

Keywords: revitalization; revitalization barriers; local development policies

The article is an attempt to systematize the knowledge of the use of revitalization as a specific instrument to support local development. The starting point in the development has become a reflection of the author about the nature and origin of renewal as an instrument of local development policy. Particular attention was paid to barriers of revitalization, which can significantly reduce the effectiveness of the instrument in supporting the development at the local level. The article ends with conclusions.

Local authorities vs. local development programming

Władze samorządowe a programowanie rozwoju lokalnego

Author(s): Anna Mempel-Śnieżyk / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 296/2013

Keywords: local authority; entities of local development; development strategy; development tools

Local authorities play an important role in local development programming. In order to realize tasks and serve local entities, institutional solutions still need to be sought. It can help effectively use opportunities and capabilities of development. Local authorities are significant due to their indirect contact with local entities. This allows them to notice and identify arising problems. They can use development tools and appoint direction of development and find solutions. The main aim of the paper is to show the importance of local authorities in local development programming. This article also presents development tools and entities influencing local development programming.

Are Polish special economic zones growth poles at the time of austerity?

Specjalne strefy ekonomiczne motorem wzrostu w czasach kryzysu?

Author(s): Jarosław Michał Nazarczuk / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 296/2013

Keywords: Special Economic Zones; austerity; growth poles

Global financial crisis has affected the ability to generate economic growth and development on different stages of aggregation. Its main effect has led to the worsening of socio-economic situation. The areas with Special Economic Zones (SEZ) located in their administrative borders have some kind of competitive advantage, resulting from the lower cost of operating economic entities based in SEZ (tax exemptions). The aim of the article is to identify whether the areas with SEZ were growth poles at the time of austerity, in comparison to regions having similar structural characteristics without SEZ. The conducted research (based on propensity score matching) has led to the conclusion that regions with SEZ were more susceptible to negative impact of the global financial crisis in 2009, but during the period 2009-2011 their growth rate was higher.

Affluence vs. the cost of local government authority in Polish major cities

Zamożność a koszt władzy samorządowej w dużych miastach polskich

Author(s): Marek Wojciechowski / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 296/2013

Keywords: communal authority; cost of authority; administration; affluence

The article discusses the cost of public authority on the example of the local self-government in Poland. It is a serious problem since supporting municipal authorities is financed by residents (taxpayers) from public money. For this reason the cost aspect of the official authority is becoming an object of social interest. Examining costs of public authority in Polish conditions is taken relatively rarely . The author tries to answer a question whether economic factors decide on the amount of this cost or the factors which are in the political sphere?

Budget deficit in local government units on the example of Łódź Voivodeship

Deficyt budżetowy w jednostkach samorządu terytorialnego na przykładzie województwa łódzkiego

Author(s): Agata Bury / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 296/2013

Keywords: local government unit; budget; deficit; surplus

The paper presents results of research on budget deficit in local government units. There were analyzed 2385 balances of 199 units. Deficit is not permanently connected with local government units’ budgets. 40% of analyzed budgets’ results were positive. However, it is impossible to make a difference between “deficit” units and “surplus” units.

Regional aspects of the management of higher economic education in Ukraine

Regional aspects of the management of higher economic education in Ukraine

Author(s): Katerina A. Pryakhina,Andrey B. Pochtovyuk / Language(s): English / Issue: 296/2013

Keywords: higher economic education; system of higher education; higher education institution (HEI); paradigm of management of higher education in the region

At the end of the XXth century most European countries reformed the state administration by higher education, taking into account the tendency of globalization, internationalization, democratization of administration, decentralization, expansion of universities’ autonomy and strengthening their accountability to the public etc. Strategic directions of education modernization in Ukraine are defined by objective tendencies of general development and are closely connected with internal processes. Taking into account widespread trend of globalization, which in particular means increasing competition between countries participating in it economically and in other areas, it becomes evident that only the country that will provide the development of education and science in a due course can hope for a decent place in the world.

Situation of regional development in the Czech Republic after 2000

Sytuacja Republiki Czeskiej w kontekście rozwoju regionalnego po roku 2000

Author(s): Karolina Rosomacha / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 296/2013

Keywords: regional development; strategy of regional development; factors of regional development; economic indicators

The Czech Republic is under the influence of global trends associated with the escalation of regional disparities. This situation occurs as a result of economic and social development of regions and increasing importance of regional centers. The global economic crisis has contributed to the deepening of the differences between the most and least developed regions. The article presents economic indicators to analyze disparities between regions in the Czech Republic.

Social and economic situation of Polish Voivodeships in the present financial crisis

Sytuacja społeczno-gospodarcza polskich województw w dobie obecnego kryzysu finansowego

Author(s): Katarzyna Miszczak / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 296/2013

Keywords: economy of Polish voivodeship; financial crisis; investment attractiveness

The article briefly presents the specificity of social and economic situation of Polish voivodeships in the years 2007-2011. The author pays special attention to structural transformations in employment, determining changes in economic potential of territorial units. The article describes the role of innovative activities in regional development and the ranking of investment attractiveness of voivodeships. In the face of challenges relating to the world financial crisis the author suggests possible directions of operations in the management of territorial space.

Globalization and knowledge based on economy vs. new economic space

Globalizacja i gospodarka oparta na wiedzy a nowa przestrzeń gospodarcza

Author(s): Stanisław Korenik / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 296/2013

Keywords: globalization; knowledge based economy; space economy

Contemporary reality is shaped by a lot of phenomena and processes which depend on each other and at the same time impact each other (remaining in the specific interactions). They consist of globalization as well as the development of a knowledge-based economy. When they are more dynamic these processes cause significant changes in today’s economic realities. They also influence economic space. This space starts to differ from the classical Cartesian understanding and begins to be described by new parameters (dimensions), at the same time becoming an important factor in today’s economic and social changes.

Financial tools of stimulation of social and economic development of a region

Financial tools of stimulation of social and economic development of a region

Author(s): Iryna Kaminska / Language(s): English / Issue: 296/2013

Keywords: region; financial tools; stimulation of the region; social and economic development of the region

The shortcomings of stimulation of social and economic development of the regions of Ukraine are presented in the article. The conceptual financial instruments and the principles of their application to stimulate social and economic development of Ukraine are shown. The instruments are supposed to contribute to extend the opportunities of regional development financing and to the efficient usage of financial means.