Štrukturálne väzby v slovenskej ekonomike v roku 2010: identifikácia kľúčových odvetví

Author(s): Jozef Kubala,Martin Lábaj,Peter Silanič / Language(s): Slovak Issue: 08/2015

In this article we deal with the structural interdependencies in the Slovak economy in 2010. By the means of Leontief model we identify the importance of household final consumption, government expenditures, investments and export for production, value added and employment. We compare the results from different methods applied for the identification of key industries in the Slovak economy after the crisis. The analysis is based on Chenery-Watanabe coefficients and Rasmussen multipliers in weighted and normalized form as well as on Hypothetical extraction method and Power of Pull method. Many industries that are important for the Slovak economy in terms of the effects on production generate much lower effects in terms of value added or employment. These linkages are important for the formulation of industrial policy in Slovakia.

The Law of One Price and the Czech Cereal Market Integration into the EU Common Agricultural Market

Author(s): J. Stephen Clark,Luboš Smutka,Lukáš Čechura,Petr Procházka,Mansoor Maitah / Language(s): English Issue: 08/2015

The Czech cereal market integration into the common agricultural market (EU) between 1993 – 2010 is studied using monthly price data for wheat and barley in Belgium, Germany, Austria and the Czech Republic. Stability in the law of one price (LOP) equation is studied through multiple structural breaks within the equation. Results indicate that the integration of the Czech Republic into EU cereal markets is more unstable than that of Austria (a fourth enlargement country), although there is empirical support for the LOP when structural breaks are taken into account. Structural change also occurred in the old EU LOP equation between Belgium and Germany.

ТЕНДЕНЦИИ РАЗВИТИЯ СОЦИАЛЬНОГО ВОСПИТАНИЯ ДЕТЕЙ В ПОСТИНДУ-СТРИАЛЬНОМ ОБЩЕСТВЕ

Author(s): Z. I. Lavrent'eva,Julia Koinova-Zöllner,T. A. Romm / Language(s): Russian Issue: 6/2015

The issues of human social potential development play a vital role in a post-industrial world. As a consequence, there have been considerable changes influencing patterns and content of social education. They lead to intensifying the dialectical nature of personal development, social norms, ideals, national and cultural values of society. Social education is becoming more learner-centered. The influence of this trend on parenting and family child-rearing is the most obvious. On the one hand, today the interactions between families and other social institu-tions are characterised by gradual removing the functions of social education from families; on the other hand, the functions of child-rearing (parenting) and social education closely overlap in adoptive families. Adoptive families through their family traditions teach their children social values and prepare them for independent life in society. Adoptive families help children to build trust in the world by restoring their self-confidence and self-esteem. The mission of education is to create favorable conditions for overcoming contradictions between increasing social influences on people and the development of individuals and families.

ФОРМИРОВАНИЕ ОСНОВ ПСИХОЛОГИЧЕСКОЙ КУЛЬТУРЫ СУПРУГОВ В ПРОЦЕССЕ ПОДГОТОВКИ К ЗАМЕЩАЮЩЕМУ РОДИТЕЛЬСТВУ

Author(s): Lyudmila Stepanovna Kolmogorova / Language(s): Russian Issue: 6/2015

The article represents the authors’ approach to the definition of the concept “psychological culture of foster (adoptive) parents” and identifies its criteria. The author analyzes the theo-ry and practice in the field of psychological research, which allows to conclude that much uncertainty still exists about the components and characteristics of psychological culture of adoptive parents. Moreover, the psychological mechanisms and ways of its development have not been identified. The article deals with components of psychological culture of foster (adoptive) parents, such as psychological literacy, psychological competence, axiological components and reflexive and estimated components. The article represents results of developing separate components of psychological culture of foster (adoptive) parents within the psychological, medical and social support center.

Hijerarhija i borbe u mreži književnih kritika: operacionalizacija Bourdieuove teorije književnog polja i simboličkih borbi eksponencijalnim modelima slučajnih grafova

Author(s): Marko Lucić / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 2/2015

Bourdieu’s theory of literary field – an important part of his theoretical and empirical treatment of fields – was founded on the concept of two »spaces«:the space of positions in the distributions of capital (inherited and acquired economic and cultural capital, and social capital) and the space of position-takings,or expressions of actors in a field. By the means of those expressions, actors attempt to influence evaluation of their and others’ positions and products. Hence,Bourdieu referred to these attempts as »symbolic struggles« in the literary field.The thesis central to Bourdieu’s theory is that relations of power in a field, i.e.relations of inequality in possession of different quantities and compositions of capital, determine position-taking of actors in the field. Within the literary field, selection of the objects and content of literary critique should therefore correspond to similarities and differences in the actors’ endowment with capital.Verification of that thesis required conceptualisation and operationalization of the actors’ interactions in literary critiques. Drawing on earlier work in reconstruction of Bourdieu’s theoretical and empirical approach in the framework of social network analysis (SNA), the author aimed to show that exponential random graph models (ERGM) are appropriate for modelling hierarchy and struggles in the literary field. For that purpose, the author conducted secondary analysis of a binary network consisting of inter-individual mentions of 35 Dutch literary authors in literary essays and interviews from 1976 – the only publicly available data set of the sort. ERGM stand out among other inferential SNA techniques by their ability to test simultaneously multiple hypotheses about 1) endogenous regularities in a network of interactions – where local and global hierarchy and struggles are formulated within theories of social networks, but are also relevant for insight into the field – and 2) exogenous covariates of interactions, i.e. similarities and differences between actors according to their attributes. In conclusion, multivariate and longitudinal application of ERGM was indicated to be appropriate fora consistent operationalization of symbolic struggles in the field. Multiple successively measured networks that are diverse in content enable the inclusion of social capital and sub-domains of interactions’ meanings into the analysis, and thus the examination of the mechanisms of reproduction and transformation of the literary as well as other fields.

Milivoj Mirza Abdurahman Malić: Dvije tihe obljetnice

Author(s): Zorica Manojlović / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 68-69/2015

The paper is based on research of archival, bibliographical and oral sources on a Croatian Orientalist Milivoj Mirza A. Malić (1897-1935), conducted during 2013 and 2014. His life and professional choice took him far away from Sušak, the town of his early youth, to which he returned after being absent for a long time and passed away after long illness, still quite young. He was born in Imotski; spent his youth days in Sušak; lived and worked in Zagreb, Spain and France. Since oriental philosophy was not much developed in Croatia at the time, his work and scientific interest was valorized elsewhere, primarily in Bosnia and Herzegovina, more than in Croatia, and such was the memory of his persona. Although, at the moment of his death, in 1935, many newspapers wrote of him as an expert Orientalist and doctoral dissertation Bulbulistan du Shaikh Fewzi de Mostar, poete herzégovinien de langue persane (Librairie L. Rodstein, Paris, 1935), which heralded an important scientific potential, it is sad that, outside his family, the Malićs of Rijeka, he was almost unknown in Croatia. Apart from his intimate circle, he is remembered as an prominent member by the Islamic religious community, which he joined as Mirza Abdurahman. The article provides information on Malić, available in various archives in Croatia and Bosnia and Herzegovina, libraries of Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina and Serbia as well as in private family archive of the Malić- Rossi family. Family members and friends provide particularly valuable oral testemonies. Malić’s personal fund in Gazi Husrev-bey’s library of Sarajevo was temporarily unavailable due to technical reasons, so information personal details in this text are based only on biographical sources. By this moment, the author has not researched him personaly.

SMES GROWTH AND HUMAN CAPITAL INVESTMENTS (THE CASE OF POLAND)

Author(s): Urban Pauli / Language(s): English Issue: 4/2015

Small and medium enterprises (SMEs) face more threats and challenges than their larger counterparts. [It] This situation is caused mostly by the limited access to resources or their unavailability. That is why SMEs have to manage carefully their resources, plan growth and calculate investments in order to achieve the highest possible return. Many authors claim that one of the most valuable resource for any firm is the human capital (HC); it may be the source of competitive advantage. This article touches upon the relationship between SMEs growth and human capital investments. The main question is whether there is any relationship between the stage of SMEs growth and investments in HC. Do investments in HC support SMEs performance on every stage of their growth? The results of the research conducted on 219 Polish SMEs. On the basis of conducted analysis it can be stated that the share of investments in HC vary in subsequent stages. Moreover HC seems to impose SMEs’ performance only in the mature stages, when organisations are well developed and have achieved an appropriate market position.

ON UNIVERSITY EDUCATION

Author(s): Josef Šmajs,Božena Buchtová / Language(s): English,Russian Issue: 6/2015

University education does not correspond to the need to apply biofile transformation of the current anti-natural Culture as soon as possible. Students have inadequate idea about the Earth as the Culture's wider host system, about life as a planetary phenomenon and about the function, integrity and value of the Earth. Secondary schools have failed to inform them suffi-ciently that the Earth is a creative system which had preceded the Culture and which has spontaneously reproduced not only humans but also all other natural prerequisites of the human Culture. The Earth has not been introduced to the students as an older, wider and more power-ful system than the artificial and temporarily existing Culture. Secondary school leavers do not understand the evolutionary value of the Earth, its basic right to exist and develop independently. Vague definitions of Culture is another reason for the deepening of the current environ-mental crisis. Contemporary university students are not taught about the Culture as a human-created system with its own internal information. They do not know that if we want to change a system with internal information, we must change information within it. In case of Culture this means a modification of Spiritual Culture. It happens because two aggressive characteristics of human activity assert themselves in the contemporary predatory form of Culture. The first is the biological characteristic, which is, together with humility, the foundation of the human nature and therefore we cannot change it. The second is the sociocultural characteristic, which we call the predatory spiritual paradigm. The outline of this paradigm was shaped by means of theoretical abstraction in the Ancient Greece and it has been further strengthened by the conceptual ideals of the New-Age classic science. Abandonment of the predatory spiritual paradigm and its replacement with a biofile paradigm are great intellectual tasks faced by philosophy, social sciences and also university education. Therefore we draw attention to the significance of the philosophical concept of the Constitution of the Earth, which was published in five languages, including Russian, in the Czech Republic in 2015.

НОВАЯ ДИНАМИКА ВЫСШЕГО ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ В КИТАЕ

Author(s): Li Yanhui / Language(s): Russian Issue: 6/2015

In order to construct a strong higher education system, China is transforming the ways of developing and enhancing higher education. A shift is made from extended development, which means the scale expansion, to the internal development that is on the core of quality improvement. In order to enhance the competitiveness in the international education service market, the main tasks for the future development of higher education in China are as follows: to improve the quality of higher education comprehensively; to accelerate the pace of creating world-class universities; to modernize the higher education governance; to improve the construction of modern university system; to encourage unique ways in development of higher education institutions; to promote the internationalization of higher education.

Facebook prijatelji kao pokazatelj strukturnih dimenzija društvenog kapitala mladih u Hrvatskoj

Author(s): Krešimir Krolo / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 2/2015

The topic of this article is the analysis of the role of the Facebook online social network as a predictor of the social capital structural dimensions of youth in Croatia. The theoretical part of the paper has connected specific dimensions of social capital that stem from the work of Robert D. Putnam with the insights from the research of the new media use among youth. Based on that overview,a methodological framework was constructed containing measures of structural dimensions of offline and online social capital (bonding social capital, bridging social capital, and participation in civic activities), as well as modes and intensity of online social networks use. Data was collected by an online survey in 2012on a convenience sample (N=577) using the snowball method. Data analyses included bivariate and multivariate procedures that were employed to explore the relevance of Facebook friends – together with other characteristics of online social networks use – in accounting for structural dimensions of the social capital of youth in Croatia. Results showed that the number of friends on Facebook is positively associated with online participatory practices of youth as well as with online bridging social capital. That points to two attributes of Facebook friends as an indicator of the social capital of Croatian youth. The first highlights the relationship of civic activism and Facebook as a more flexible form of social engagement compared to classical forms of institutional and organizational engagement(membership in non-governmental organizations). The other emphasizes the role of Facebook as a medium that connects individuals outside their local contextual limitations. Both of those attributes are indicative not only of how communication is being carried out in cyberspace, but also how different forms of social capital are being accumulated in the »digital« society.

BUCHAREST STOCK EXCHANGE DEVELOPMENT BETWEEN 1995 AND 2015

Author(s): Cornelia Pop / Language(s): English Issue: 4/2015

At the end of November 2015, Bucharest Stock Exchange reached the 20th anniversary since re-opening. The present paper is a survey of Bucharest Stock Exchange evolution along the past two decades. It highlights the main milestones that marked the evolution of the main Romanian capital market. The paper also offers a detailed presentation of the main market and of the alternative trading system evolution within Bucharest Stock Exchange. It briefly discusses BVB’s strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats and concludes that through its capacity and willingness to change, adapt, and face new challenges, one can look with confidence at the Bucharest Stock Exchange’s future development.

CORPORATE GOVERNANCE CHOICE REGARDING SMEs FINANCING STRATEGIES IN ROMANIA

Author(s): Sorin Romulus Berinde,Partenie Dumbrava / Language(s): English Issue: 4/2015

The impact of financing strategies upon the financial information (released to users through financial statements) is different in the case of the financial position in comparison with the financial performance. The present study aims to establish, for the Romanian SMEs, which is the main choice of corporate governance as financing strategy. Further, the influence of a series of factors upon the financing strategy is investigated using a multilinear regression model. The study is based on a sample of 1,455 Romanian SMEs for the period 2005-2014. The main finding of the present study indicates that the main choice of corporate governance as financing strategy is the self-financing for 76.50% of the Romanian SMEs. The present study reveals that the variables influencing the corporate governance decisions are: the (business) expertise, the business size, the financial performance according to financial statement, and the main business area of activity. It seems that the legal structure has no influence on the financing decisions. The results of the present paper confirm and extend the findings of other studies in this area with data concerning SMEs in an European developing country.

Što nakon (društvene) tranzicije? Kritičke crtice uz upotrebu tranzicijskoga pristupa u sociološkim razmatranjima hrvatskoga društva

Author(s): Krešimir Žažar / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 2/2015

This article provides basic outlines of a prospective, more comprehensive, critical evaluation of the use of the concept of transition in sociological discourse in post-socialist Croatia. Certain terminological confusions were briefly considered,relations among disciplines that address transition were clarified, and historical roots of the transition model – as well as its fundamental determinants and crucial propositions – were indicated. Particular attention was paid to the examination of drawbacks and different critical objections directed at the transition approach. These objections include: a) mechanistic determinism and neo-evolutionism; b) implicit teleological presumptions; c) political reductionism of sorts;d) hypotheses about the sequential character of transition; e) ideological assumptions.Certain revisions aiming to overcome the objections to the transition approach were presented. Those revisions indicated departure from particular rigid assumptions enshrined in the classic transition model and enabled proliferation of different theoretical approaches that allowed the possibility of diverse outcomes of transition processes. Additionally, the status of Croatian society regarding the dynamics of ongoing transformation processes was discussed, and the heuristic potential and epistemological validity of application of the transition approach was examined. Owing to the drawbacks denoted in the article, the transition approach was deemed inappropriate for the analysis of the social dynamics of Croatian society. The urgency for development of authentic conceptual-analytical tools suited for the inquiry of social processes and for macroscopic dissection of the contemporary social environment was emphasized. The construction of such theoretical instruments must be sensitive to specific attributes of a particular society. Furthermore, such instruments should holistically encompass the totality of social universe and, correspondingly, avoid reductionism that may stem from analytical primacy being given to any singular social domain. It was concluded that the development of authentic theoretical tools is considerably more pertinent than the »import« and uncritical application of theoretical models generated in other social environments.

ЭЛЕКТРОННОЕ ИЗДАНИЕ: ПРОБЛЕМА ОПРЕДЕЛЕНИЯ

Author(s): M. Je. Zhebit,E. P. Shemetova / Language(s): Russian Issue: 6/2015

The article presents an analysis of current national standards in the field of publishing, including electronic publications. Much uncertainty exists about the definition of the term ‘electronic publications’. The authors state that there is no general agreement about the terms and definitions in the field of electronic publishing. The purpose of the article is to characterize the main problems concerning the definition of electronic publications. Nowadays editing electronic publications is one of the key aspects of further development of publishing industry as a science. However, the notion of ‘electronic edition’ is artificially limited by the current system of national standards. This term does not fully reflect the whole range of existing publications. The article provides an analysis of scientific studies which make an attempt to give the current definition of ‘electronic publications’ and set the main criteria for selecting such publications. It is stressed that the refusal to recognize websites as electronic publications in the national standard impedes the development of the typological model and the basic principles of editing such publications and deteriorates the quality of their editing and prepublishing preparation. In conclusion, an attempt is made to provide a common definition which would cover the entire array of existing electronic editions. It would contribute to creating up-to-date classification of electronic publications.

Prikaz

Author(s): Nikola Petrović / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 2/2015

Siniša Malešević. Nation-States and Nationalisms: Organization, Ideology and Solidarity, Cambridge: Polity, 2013, 224 str.

Biruința gîndului

Author(s): Ion Dur / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 1-2/2015

РАСПРЕДЕЛЕНИЕ БИОЭЛЕМЕНТОВ В НЕКОТОРЫХ ОРГАНАХ И ТКАНЯХ КРЫС ЛИНИИ WISTAR В НОРМЕ И ПРИ САХАРНОМ ДИАБЕТЕ

Author(s): Anna Pavlovna Gajdarova,G. A. Koroshhenko,A. V. Anoshin,R. I. Ajzman / Language(s): Russian Issue: 6/2015

A study of wide spectrum of micro- and macroelements in certain organs and tissues of normal and alloxan-induced diabetic (DM) rats has been performed. It is shown that regardless of the type of tissue, ion content was distributed as follows in descending order: K > Na > Mg > Ca > Fe > Zn > Cu > Mn > Mb ≥ Cr. However, for each element some differences in its distri-bution among organs were observed. In DM rats significant increase of ion concentration has been found: Cu, Fe and Zn – in the kidney; Fe – in the liver; Ca, K, Mg, and Fe – in the pan-creas; Fe – in liver and muscle tissue. Intake of a Curcuma rhizome powder by healthy rats practically did not lead to change of the maintenance of elements in tissues, but in DM rats it caused significant increase of Mg and Zn content only in a kidney. Thus, Curcuma longa practically does not render influence on distribution of bioelements in organs and tissues of rats both in norm, and at DM. Possibly, the bioelements which are included in a plant, do not play an essential role in hypoglycemic effect of a phytopreparation described by us earlier.

Prikaz

Author(s): Kruno Martinac / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 2/2015

Biserka Cvjetičanin, Kultura u doba mreža, Zagreb: Hrvatska sveučilišna naklada, 2014, 576 str.

IT SECTOR DEVELOPMENT IN CLUJ-NAPOCA. THE CASE OF SMEs

Author(s): Cristian Chifu,Waseem Eid,Ioan Alin Nistor / Language(s): English Issue: 4/2015

The purpose of this paper is to to explore the evolution of SMEs from Cluj-Napoca in the IT sector by looking into the following problems: the relationship between number of employees, type of ownership and type of activity, as well as relationship between profit, liabilities, turnover, type of ownership and type of activity. The results indicate that the sector is attractive for the investors no matter what type of activity they want to develop (production or outsourcing). The main reason that makes them invest is the well prepared and relatively low cost workforce. Moreover, under favorable conditions (increase in turnover, decrease in liabilities or liabilities/capital ratio), the trend of the profit is ascending, making from this sector an interesting one for the investors (Romanian or international). Thus, our models show that this possible increase of the profit is a moderate one. Further investigations show that the development of the sector is rather a moderate one not a “booming” one. The results are normal if we take into consideration the fact that the process of developing Cluj-Napoca as an IT pole is at the beginning.

ГЕОЭКОЛОГИЧЕСКАЯ ДИФФЕРЕНЦИАЦИЯ И ДИНАМИКА ОРГАНИЧЕСКОГО ВЕЩЕ-СТВА ОЗЁРНЫХ ВОД ЗАПАДНОЙ СИБИРИ

Author(s): Vladimir Alexandrovich Bakaev,N. V. Savchenko / Language(s): Russian Issue: 6/2015

On the basis of summarizing long-term studies are considered factor-spatial features of the content of organic matter in different types of small lakes the entire spectrum of natural are-as in Western Siberia. To characterize the organic matter used indicators of water oxidation - permanganate (oxidation KMnO4) and dichromate (oxidation K2Cr2O7), as well as a set of conversion factors, which allows fully characterize the nature of the agents. For each landscape zone and the features of territorial differentiation, seasonal dynamics of organic matter. Geographical distribution of organic matter is characterized by increasing its content in the direc-tion of freshwater lakes of the tundra ponds to the forest steppe zone, the highest possible con-centration characteristic of hyperhaline steppe lakes. Territorial and seasonal dynamics deter-mined by the ratio of allochthonous and autochthonous organic matter. In freshwater lakes ten-dency to increase the content can be traced to the beginning of the hydrological summer land-scape in each region (dominated allochthonous organic matter supplied from the watershed), the maximum values observed in summer and autumn (increase of production of autochthonous organic matter), minimum – in winter. For seasonal dynamics characteristic organic matter salt lakes the largest concentrations in the winter-spring and autumn-winter period, and the lowest – in the summer. Specificity of the horizontal and vertical distribution of organic matter in all types of lakes closely connected with the peculiarities of overgrowing of lakes and hydrography. In conclusion, highlighted the value of background ratio of allochthonous and autochthonous organic matter in the zonal section and highlighted the role of anthropogenic factor.