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The paper takes up the issue of ontology of the Doppelgänger and the ways it appears in human reality. For the sake of analysis, the author differentiates between three worldview formations: The Age of Ideas, The Age of Reason, and The Age of the Body, and discusses the ways in which the double is constructed in each of those formations, especially with reference to the mind and the body as two main identity carriers. Finally, the problem of Doppelgänger is discussed within the context of two oppositions: life – death and sacrum – profanum.
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The article points to contemporary revaluations and reinterpretations taking place in the sphere of signification and construction of the cultural text whose vital feature becomes the emergence of semiotic, stylistic and media-related hybrids (advertising, the Internet). Hybrid identities inspire new forms of textuality characterised by the semiotic (semantic and syntactic) co-dependence of sign systems co-generating the message. Hybridization leads to vital changes in the functioning of the sign and of the text while a textual agreement becomes the main rule governing the new forms of textuality. The hybrid nature of commercial advertising is underlined by the latter’s ontic character: it is simultaneously a singular text, a genre, a form of discourse, an element of social interexchange and a component of the marketing process. Its multi-media, transsemiotic and intertextual nature combines textual forms until now considered stylistically incompatible or even self-excluding.
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The paper focuses on the relation between Polish and Anglophone gender studies and the ways in which the former – while in many ways indebted to the latter – try to negotiate their own specific identity within their particular socio-cultural context. Gender studies are construed here as academic debates concerned with cultural and social construction of biological and socio-cultural sex and sexuality as well as the ensuing political actions directed against all forms of discrimination linked with those categories. While demonstrating a variety of meanings attributed in the Polish context to the categories connected with sex and sexuality (including concepts developed by queer studies), the paper aims at delineating the universalising “identity” model of gender studies – now dominant in Poland – and exposing its strong and weak aspects as well as critical voices directed against that model.
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Taking as a departure point the case of illegal mass-reproduction of an image painted by an Australian Aboriginal artist, Joel Jensen explores the relationship between culture, art and identity. He points to the threat referred to as "cultural greyout," i.e. the inability to reproduce the identities of the past due to the contemporary mass-production of artefacts in which those identities are reflected. Jensen follows Arthur Danto's view that mass reproduction changes the conveyed meaning of an artwork and, by being distributed as a commodity within the dominating society, poses a threat to the identity of the community in which the artefact was created since the history of an artwork, i.e. the circumstances that determine the artwork's creation and distribution, contribute to its aesthetic characteristics. These, in turn, remain formative for the construction of the community's identity.
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Inspired by two images of Bronisław Malinowski made by Witkacy and the idea of repetition which they inevitably evoke, the author points to the essential duality characterising Malinowski's "Diary". The duality in question is the one between the sublime metaphysics of the mind/spirit and the dogging corporeality of the body. This particular opposition is also reflected in Malinowski's language which remains unintentionally transgressive, always on the verge of succumbing to its internal centrifugal force questioning its internal metaphysical element in favour of the discourse of emptiness and melancholy. Thus, following Joseph Conrad, Malinowski's "Diary" inscribes itself into the context of 19th "crisis of metaphysics" which eventually opens up a path to ontological identity located between repetition and mask and susceptible to the dynamics of ontological mobility.
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The essay explores the problem of the relationship between mind and body in the two-fold context of Hegel's philosophy of the Spirit and the post-metaphysical notion of the body determined by a media-related biotechnosystem. Postulating the liberation of the Spirit from the constrains of the body and its affiliation with virtuality the Spirit becomes inevitably engaged with the dynamics of commodity relations. As a result it becomes a part of the "play of affects" which has replaced the notions of good and evil. Though released from restrictions imposed by nature the Spirit nevertheless remains imprisoned in virtuality which gradually constitutes its new reality. The Spirit, set free from the constrains of the biological, becomes a perfect interactive consumer, a peculiar "slave to fun" responding to unlimited identity proposals and life-forms offered by the mercantile techno-system represented by invasive media.
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The article presents the works of an Italian writer, Alberto Savinio as an original model of literature “beyond clear-cut distinctions”. Drawing from the theories of Roland Barthes and Jacques Derrida, it demonstrates to what extent this particular model, based on a conscious deconstruction of both formal and conceptual structure of discourse, leads to the overthrow of a cultural stereotype due to a new reading of the opposition me/other, open/ closed, familiar/strange, known/unknown etc. To achieve that goal Savinio uses the titular “hybrid identities” and the strategy of hybridization of the depicted reality. Savinio, for a long time excluded from mainstream criticism, appears to be a very contemporary writer and his reinterpretation of conceptual basis of the Western culture turn him into a postmodernist author avant la lettre.
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spis treści; informacja o autorach; tytuły artykułów i rozprawy; sprawozdania; polemiki; uwagi
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In literature, there can be found many methods and descriptions regarding the ways of a useful usability analysis. In my article, I would like to summarize the most recent methods and tools of the analysis of web-based user interface usability, and show a case study, where our students involved in heuristic evaluation of 130 Hungarian webshops.
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It is more and more frequently believed that senility is time of great possibilities, reflection over completeness of life, as well as it is a chance for further development, learning and experiencing the world. During this time people can supplement their education and gain new skills. The attempts to include elderly people into the educational system started the idea of creating the Universities of the Third Age. These are the most popular forms of educating elderly people in recent years. Students of the UTA are people who would like to be independent, self-reliant and active as long as possible. The aim of this study is to present the results of the conducted diagnosis describing ways of active spending free time by elderly people during the classes at the University of the Third Age.
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The article presents the advantages of the correlation of education curricula in the field of natural and technical sciences, and the consequences of lack of such a program coherence. Based on a detailed analysis of the latest core curricula regarding the fourth stage of education (secondary school), the areas of an evident disharmony are shown in teaching mathematics and physics as the most representative natural science subjects.
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The article proposes a research tool in the form of predictive testing allows on the road of quantitative research to determine the resource, understanding and ability to use technical terminology by respondents.
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