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Blockchain for Business: An Overview and Benchmarking Analysis of Key Technologies

Author(s): Muhamet Zeneli,Ezmolda BAROLLI / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The adoption of blockchain technology in business applications has seen rapid growth in recent years. As enterprises explore the potential benefits of blockchain, it becomes imperative to evaluate various blockchain technologies to make informed decisions about their implementation. This paper presents an overview of blockchain technologies tailored for business use cases and analyzes prominent platforms such as Hyperledger Fabric, Hyperledger Sawtooth, Corda, and Consensys Quorum. This study provides valuable insights for enterprises seeking to deploy blockchain solutions by evaluating key metrics such as performance, scalability, security, and consensus and conducting a cross-industry benchmarking analysis. The evaluation process will be based on a comparative and in-depth analysis of the current state of research. The findings shed light on the potential benefits of each blockchain technology, facilitating informed decision-making and promoting the responsible adoption of blockchain in the business environment.

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Conceptual Model of a Software Accessibility Evaluation System

Author(s): Radka Valerieva Nacheva / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The percentage of people with disabilities has increased, with 1.3 billion people worldwide having some form of disability. Advancements in technology have made it easier for people with disabilities to access resources. However, many computer systems and software lack built-in accessibility features, making accessibility assessment software tools crucial for creating an accessible digital environment. They serve to automate the collection of interface usage data, its analysis, or the solution of potential problems in providing digital accessibility. These tools record user interactions, analyze accessibility issues, and make recommendations for improvement. In this regard, this paper aims to propose a high-level conceptual model of a software accessibility evaluation system’s prototype. The main objective is to study attributes of software quality and existing systems for evaluating accessibility.

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Impact of Electronic Data Interchange on Business Communication and Communication Strategy Evolution in the Digital Age

Author(s): Mirjana Tankosić,Ivana Ercegovac / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The research focuses on strategic approaches employed by businesses to enhance communication efficiency amidst the pervasive digital metamorphosis, with a primary emphasis on the role of EDI. The study unfolds in two dimensions: first, the optimization of communication channels through EDI, emphasizing accelerated information flow, reduced errors, and strengthened relationships. Second, it delves into personalized communication in the digital transformation era, revealing how companies leverage EDI for tailored messages, heightening customer engagement and conversion rates. The study explores the evolving role of communication professionals, emphasizing the acquisition of data analysis skills in a data-driven business environment. The paper introduces a specialized algorithm to illuminate the intricacies of the EDI process, providing a systematic approach to grasp the electronic organization, translation, and transmission of data. It underscores the importance of cybersecurity, especially in handling sensitive data in increased digital interactions. The study offers guidance on enhancing communication strategies amid ongoing digitization.

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Impact of Digitalization on the Performance of Human Resources in Listed Companies in Morocco

Author(s): Yassine Elhenchaoui,El Bourki Mohamed / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The digital age has brought about significant upheavals in the functioning and structure of organizations worldwide. This article investigates the impact of digitalization on the performance of Human Resources (HR) within companies listed on the Casablanca Stock Exchange in Morocco. The adopted methodology is based on structural equation modeling. In this regard, a survey was conducted among the HR departments of 70 companies listed in Casablanca. The results show significant correlations between the implementation of digital technologies in HR processes and an improvement in the performance of these departments. This article highlights the importance of digitalization as a strategic lever to enhance the efficiency of HR functions while underscoring the unique challenges faced in the Moroccan context. These findings provide valuable insights for practitioners and decision-makers looking to optimize their HR strategies in the digital age.

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Digital Transformation and Its Influence on Governance: Insights from Moroccan Service Sector SMEs

Author(s): Hama Ahmed,Karim Khaddouj / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The current digital era presents both challenges and opportunities for businesses worldwide. This research delves into the relationship between digital transformation and the governance of Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (SMEs) in the Moroccan service sector. Utilizing responses from a survey of leaders from 200 SMEs throughout Morocco, the study employs Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) to elucidate the intricate relationships. The results indicate a notable link between the adoption of digital strategies and improved governance. Yet, hurdles such as integrating technology and enhancing employee skills remain. This paper provides a deeper understanding of the nexus between digital transformation and governance, spotlighting the distinct context of Moroccan SMEs.

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A New Approach to the Logistics 4.0 Measuring Model in SMEs

Author(s): Hanifi Murat Mutlu,Burhan Cevik / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

An important source of competitive advantage for logistic functions is to include the processes brought using the Industry 4.0 approach in their business models. The main problem is how to measure the logistics 4.0 levels of enterprises. Therefore, this study aims to develop a model for measuring the degree of logistics 4.0 (DoL_4.0) in SMEs. This measurement model is based on the usage scores of logistics 4.0 technologies used in businesses, usage scores in logistic activities, and the number of technologies used. Second, the relationship between DoL_4.0 and firm performance was examined. Our data were collected using the convenience sampling method in Gaziantep, Turkey. Because this research was an exploratory study, data were collected from 57 companies. In order to test the study topics, correlation analyses were conducted. The findings revealed robust correlations among the variables under investigation. The paper concludes with a discussion of the management and theoretical implications of the study’s findings.

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Comparative Analysis of Artificial Intelligence Adoption in Small and Large Companies in Slovenia

Author(s): Maja Rožman,Polona Tominc,Katja Crnogaj / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The paper presents a comparative analysis of adopting artificial intelligence (AI) in small and large companies in Slovenia. The study examines the current landscape of AI usage, including its application in various operational areas such as AI-supported acquiring and retaining talented employees, AI-supported appropriate training and development of employees, and implementation of AI technology in a work environment. A survey was conducted among a sample of small and large companies across different industries in Slovenia. The results provide valuable insights for policymakers, managers, and researchers interested in understanding the dynamics of AI adoption in the Slovenian business context. Ultimately, this research contributes to the growing body of literature on AI adoption by shedding light on the unique challenges and opportunities faced by small and large companies in Slovenia, facilitating informed decision-making and strategic planning for future AI implementation initiatives.

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Application of Large Language Models for Text Mining: The Study of ChatGPT

Author(s): Miloš Živadinović / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The appearance of Large Language Models (LLMs) has brought advancements in natural language processing (NLP), making it more available to everyone. This paper examines the application of LLMs in text mining, with a focus on ChatGPT by OpenAI. The author provides a brief overview of LLMs, highlighting their structure and training techniques, as well as parameter tuning. Utilizing ChatGPT as an example of an LLM, this paper identifies the model’s capabilities and constraints in extracting insights from textual data. Based on the author’s findings, they suggest several applications of LLMs for text mining that provide better text comprehension and set the tone for further research.

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How Can AI-Powered Solutions Improve Communication in Healthcare?

Author(s): Gordana Jelić,Danica Mamula Tartalja / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

AI, as an integral part of various applications and devices in mHealth, can help establish reliable communication in healthcare. AI Chatbots can understand and respond to patients’ language, providing instant answers to common questions. They can conduct initial assessments of patients’ physical or mental conditions, assist patients through diverse healthcare processes, and offer support to individuals experiencing adverse health conditions. Additionally, wearables and smartphones can collect vast amounts of information that can be further analyzed using AI and machine learning technologies and used to identify risk factors and potential health patterns that may not be immediately apparent, thus enabling personalized healthcare interventions. This paper aims to point out that Chatbots, being user-friendly and highly accessible, are facilitating online healthcare services and helping patients to self-manage their conditions. Therefore, AI-powered solutions can be an efficient tool for improving communication with patients and easing the pressures faced by healthcare professionals.

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Digital Trends in the Accounting Profession

Author(s): Suzana Keglević Kozjak / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The rapid technological changes have profoundly affected the accounting profession. This study aims to systematically explore how digital technology is influencing accounting, examining the forces driving this change. It also investigates crucial educational adaptations needed for future accountants to navigate the evolving technological landscape. The research examines various aspects, including the complex relationship between the accounting profession and global technological changes, the evolving role of technology in accounting, and the necessary adjustments required in accounting education. Through a literature review methodology, the findings highlight a compelling need for a fundamental shift in accounting practices. This transformative process is gradually related within the profession, emphasizing the certain impact of continuous evolution in the accounting field on accounting education. In summary, while technological advances reshape specific aspects of accounting, the discipline’s foundational principles persist.

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Cryptocurrencies as a Risk Management Tool – Legal and Economic Perspectives

Author(s): Yordanka Noneva-Zlatkova,Mariya Paskaleva / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The development of law is faced with many challenges, including the creation and testing of new information and communication technologies. At the same time, the law must quickly react with a set of legitimate means of regulation to guarantee legal certainty in relations. Cryptocurrencies are a manifestation product of rapidly developing technology entering civil turnover at an increasingly rapid pace. The paper aims to examine the various legal aspects of cryptocurrencies in the EU and to reveal the relationship between the stock market, investors’ decisions, and cryptocurrency. It clarifies the concept of cryptocurrency, comparing it to the millennia-old fiat money. In addition, the research traces the cryptocurrencies and their status as essential legal assets in the EU market. To test the relationship between the capital market, the investors ‘behavior, and cryptocurrency, we apply the regression model, correlation analysis, and Granger Causality Test. The explored variables include the Crypto Index (CRIX), the Sentix sentiment index, and the capital market index. We prove that the cryptocurrency market influences the stock market, which may be explained by the fact that the investors in the crypto markets are better informed than those in the traditional financial markets.

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The Relationship between the Number of Cryptocurrency Acceptance Sites and the Intensity of Tourism in Terms of Legal Regulation

Author(s): Marcell Kupi,Viktoria Kundi,Tamás Szabó / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The research delves into the nexus between cryptocurrencies and tourist activity, with a special focus on the facet of legal regulations. The study’s objective is to fathom how cryptocurrencies influence the tourism sector, and how legal standards bear on transactions involving cryptocurrencies within the tourism industry. The principal aim is to unravel the interconnection between the employment of cryptocurrencies in tourist services and its concurrent legal governance in four handpicked countries: Spain, France, Croatia, and the Netherlands. Clustering was achieved through SOM and PCA methodologies, which, in unison, proffer profound insights into the data’s architecture and interconnectedness. The data was collected through scraping with an API key. The research underscores that blockchain technologies, including but not limited to Ethereum’s advancements that extend beyond just Bitcoin, are steadily gaining a more influential role in tourism. Moreover, legal guidelines, especially within the EU, wield significant influence over transactions and operations associated with these digital assets.

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Wine Tourism: A New Emerging Segment in Albania

Author(s): Rozana Haxhialushi / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

In the last four decades, tourism has received greater attention from researchers in several sciences. Wine regions can attract tourists who, in their turn, will be a source of revenue for the wine producers in that region. Though considered to be a niche segment, the interest in wine tourism research has grown because the wine sector is not just about producing a beverage; it’s a multifaceted industry with significant economic, cultural, and social importance both in wine-producing regions and on a global scale. It contributes to job creation, international trade, tourism, and the preservation of cultural heritage, making it a vital sector for many countries around the world. Overall, wine tourism has the potential to be a catalyst for regional development by attracting visitors, creating jobs, spurring investments, and supporting local businesses. As a result, many regions around the world actively promote and invest in wine tourism as a means of enhancing their economic and cultural vitality. Albania is new to the wine sector, so this paper aims to provide some useful insights related to the possibilities that wine tasting, wine tours, or wine-related events present to local businesses and for the creation of destination image.

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The COVID-19 Pandemic and Its Effects on the United States Housing Market

Author(s): Glen Liperi,Egla Mansi,Nerajda Feruni / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

This research examines the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the housing market in the United States, with a specific focus on housing prices and their relationship with COVID-19 infection rates. The study utilizes a panel-data regression model, using monthly county-level data spanning from January 2020 to December 2022. Two separate models were employed, one for urban counties and another for rural counties, determined by population data. These models employ a fixed effects regression approach with robust standard errors and incorporate various independent variables to explore the association between county-level economic activity, unemployment rates, long-term interest rates, COVID-19 infection cases, and national housing market prices. The findings of this investigation reveal that the prices of homes in the United States were influenced by both the number of COVID-19 infection cases and the economic factors under consideration. Interestingly, urban counties experienced more pronounced fluctuations in housing prices compared to their rural counterparts. Moreover, there was a noticeable shift in housing demand, with a preference for less densely populated areas over densely populated ones. The outcomes of this study offer insights into spatial disparities and their implications for the real estate market.

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Exploring the Influence of Corporate Governance on the Financial Performance. Case Study of the Energy Sector

Author(s): Leredana-Georgia Nitu (Ivan) / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Given the region’s commitment to sustainable and renewable energy sources as well as its reliance on conventional fossil fuels, the energy industry in Europe shines in the light of contemporary economies. The European energy industry is at a turning point and is prepared to change in response to new environmental concerns and shifting market dynamics. This paper aims to investigate whether the corporate governance score (GOV) of companies operating in the energy sector is associated with their corporate financial performance (CFP). The research covered data from 103 companies in the energy sector collected from Thomson Reuters Eikon for the period 2017-2021. The research used the regression and correlation analysis between GOV performance and its components and an accounting-based measure of profitability: total revenue. The data used in this study were analyzed using SPSS Software. The results show a partial but positive correlation between the management mechanisms on financial performance and a full positive influence of CSR strategy on financial performance; the shareholder score shows no impact. The energy sector is an environmentally sensitive yet understudied industry, and the present research helps to determine what has to be improved from a sustainability point of view.

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Connecting the Dots: Crises’ Influence on Persistence and Financial Integration in Southeast Asian Capital Markets

Author(s): Mariana Chambino,Rui Dias,Paulo Alexandre / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

This study aimed to assess risk diversification in the capital markets of nine Asian countries, including Hong Kong, Indonesia, Malaysia, South Korea, Japan, the Philippines, Thailand, China, and Taiwan. The research posed two main questions: (i) Did events in 2020 and 2022 create inefficiencies in these markets? (ii) If so, did autocorrelation of returns lead to increased linkages among these markets? The findings revealed the presence of autocorrelation, conditional heteroscedasticity, and nonlinear elements in the sample, suggesting persistence in returns during both tranquil and stressful periods. Consequently, the first research question was refuted, indicating that market (in)efficiencies were not significantly influenced by these events. Additionally, the analysis using the rhoDCCA method did not suggest integration between the markets, leading to the rejection of the second research question. These results have implications for investors, regulators, and supervisors in these markets, suggesting a need to consider measures that align with the random walk and martingale hypotheses in stock price creation.

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Efficiency in the Market Structure of the Banking Sector in Croatia

Author(s): Dina Korent,Anamarija Ratković,Marijana Bubanić / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The purpose of this paper was to determine the market structure of the banking sector in Croatia and the characteristics of its technical efficiency for the period from 2009 to 2022 by applying descriptive statistics and data envelopment analysis (DEA). It was determined that the banking sector in Croatia is characterized by a relatively high and persistent technical efficiency of an oligopolistic market structure with a trend of growing consolidation. On average, managers use resources efficiently and are successful in exploiting economies of scale, with scale efficiency surpassing pure technical efficiency. The aforementioned efficiencies generally grow and are achieved more frequently with the increase in the size of banks, i.e., credit institutions The results imply that small banks could increase efficiency by more rational use of inputs, and, assuming growing returns to scale, by exploiting economies of scale through internal growth or further sector consolidation.

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Analysis of the Content Marketing to Build a Relationship and Loyalty with Consumers

Author(s): Fani Kerum,Dijana Vuković,Ivanka Ipša / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Social networks as new mass communication media enable the consumer to actively use, socialize, follow, interpret, and share media content and forms for the purposes of information, shopping, entertainment, and education, so companies that do not brand themselves and do not communicate with their users via social networks in the right way or at all inevitably lose the battle with their competition. Under the pressure of drastic market changes, numerous companies are entering this market, and social networks are flooded with branded content of all kinds of goods and services. It is therefore more important than ever to create a personalized offer and the closest possible relationship with the customer and thus gain a competitive advantage. However, in order to do this, it is extremely important to know the customer well; it is important to understand his problems, desires, passions, doubts, interests, habits, strengths, and weaknesses. Digital platforms offer extremely functional sales tools with which brands can effectively reach their target audience on social networks, but sales that rely exclusively on dry ad formats are not enough today by themselves for the reasons mentioned. It is necessary to offer the audience relevant content with values that they can identify with; it is necessary to offer content that solves some of their potential problems. This paper aims to point out the basic characteristics of the marketing content concept in the phase of building relationships and in the phase of maintaining consumer loyalty. In addition, the article aims to respond to the current limitations associated with the measurement and use of marketing content as a concept, as well as the importance of professional and academic research on this form of marketing communication.

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Whistleblowers in Serbia

Author(s): Vuk Z. Cvijić / Language(s): English

The path of whistleblowers in Serbia is difficult as, instead of receiving the support of state institutions, they are often exposed to the persecution of those who are formally charged with their protection. Examples of completed court proceedings that were initiated based on whistleblowers’ reports are very rare. In the few such cases, the reported officials did not suffer any serious consequences, and no one has ever been convicted in cases where whistleblowers’ disclosures involved higher-ranking government officials. There are also no examples of absence of resistance to whistleblowers, regardless of whether they provided information on corruption of local inspectors related to parking fines, or that of ministers in relation to arms trafficking. They suffered mobbing, professional degradation, and were in most cases finally dismissed.

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Protection of whistleblowers in the security sector

Author(s): Sofija Mandić / Language(s): Serbian

Serbia provided legal protection for whistleblowers for the first time when it adopted the Law on the Protection of Whistleblowers in 2014. This protection is exercised in special court proceedings. The Law was adopted on 25 November 2014 and its implementation began on 5 June 2015. The explanation that accompanied the Draft Law made it clear that it was adopted to fulfil the international recommendations and meet the obligations of the Republic of Serbia, primarily those prescribed by the acts of the United Nations and the Council of Europe. The Law regulates whistleblowing, the whistleblowing procedure, the rights of whistleblowers, the obligations of state and other authorities and organisations, legal entities and natural persons related to whistleblowing, as well as other issues of importance for whistleblowing and the protection of whistleblowers.

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