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Осврти и прикази
Митра Рељић, Српска гробља на Косову и Метохији: уништена споменичка и језичка баштина, Матица српска 2020, 343 стране
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Митра Рељић, Српска гробља на Косову и Метохији: уништена споменичка и језичка баштина, Матица српска 2020, 343 стране
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Figurative expressions, such as idioms, are used orally and in writing in everyday language. An idiom is an expression used by itself or as a part of a sentence, and its meaning cannot be derived from the literal meaning of its constituents. Idioms can add an extra level of difficulty to the language learning process (either L1 or L2) because after understanding the literal meaning of each word, the learner has to make sense of the figurative meaning and how to use it correctly. From a pedagogical point of view, social media platforms appear to be influential with regard to learning literal and figurative meaning because they provide a context where this new language item is being used. This research investigates the role of social media platforms in figurative language learning. Different idioms are retrieved from social media platforms to show the effect of intercultural inclusion between speakers of different languages (English and Arabic). It is expected that watching a video containing figurative expressions or reading the comment section where an idiom is used can help the learners infer the meaning and know precisely how to use it and in what context. Moreover, new idioms are starting to be translated and borrowed to different languages due to L2 learners' exposure to this idiom in different contexts, which gives them an accurate depiction of it. The light is shed on the role of bilinguals and L2 learners who can work as an intercultural link between speakers of Arabic and English.
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The article presents several parallels between the s-selection and argument selection of, on the one hand, speech predicates and speech-perception predicates, and, on the other hand, dative predicates and their converse antonyms. The focus lies on the differences and similarities between Bulgarian, Swedish and Danish as regards the deriving prototypical basic sentences containing such predicates, and analogies are made with predicate pairs such as give ~ receive. The main theoretical framework is a minimalist version of X-bar theory.
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The medicinal plant industry, and the people of Appalachia, have relied on the rich natural resources of the Appalachian Mountains for centuries, collecting plants for food, medicine, and livelihood. By the 1700s, Appalachia had become a major supplier of medicinal plants and was recognized internationally as a source of American ginseng. Today, the value of these products is substantial, with more than $11 billion in 2020 U.S. sales. There is a growing concern, however, that many medicinal herbs are disappearing. We review current research on wild harvesting, forest cultivation, and efforts to create markets for sustainably sourced Appalachian medicinal herbs. There is a critical need for ecologically sound management and sustainable economies in Appalachia, to support our natural resources and communities.
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The history of the Jiu Valley has gone through multiple stages that have polished the identity of the communities. The development of mine exploitation has attracted immigrants from all over the country and from abroad. This has led to the emergence of two types of local identity communities: the natives and the newcomers. The relations between them have influenced the strategies used in building their constitution of identity. This paper focuses on the idea that these two types of identity are directly responsible for the degree of community homogeneity. In this respect, the natives belonged to a homogeneous community, with one dominant source of collective identity, while the arrival of the newcomers transformed the community into a heterogeneous one, with pluralistic sources of identity. These aspects reflect in the identity narratives which can be found in Jiu Valley nowadays. The analysis of these narratives shows a common history, filled with tension, negation, disappointment, and acceptance.
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This article seeks to deepen our understanding of the cognitive processes in death euphemisms in Nzema, a Kwa language of Ghana. The article highlights the metaphorical “mappings” across conceptual domains, where the concept of death (target domain) is well understood in terms of more physical events such as journey, departure, return, invitation, continuous sleep, lose a fight, etc. (source domain). It is demonstrated that the Nzema conceptualise death also as retirement, subtraction, bereavement as living in darkness, being missing at the crossroads, burial as hiding/preserving, burying as sowing a seed, coffin as house for an individual, cemetery/grave as better place, place of rest, and corpse as a thing among others.
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Stefan Strelcyn – a Polish scholar whose achievements were acknowledged by the Emperor Haile Selassie I in 1967 with a Haile Selassie Award for Ethiopian Studies – initiated African studies at the University of Warsaw. His main field of scholarly activity covered cataloguing manuscripts in various European library collections as well as studying traditional Ethiopian medicine and medicinal plants. However, during his field trip to Ethiopia in 1957/58 he recorded 26 tapes of various examples of Ethiopian orature in Ethiopic classical Ge’ez language and five other languages of Ethiopia: Amharic, Oromo, Tigrinya, Gurage, and Harari. These recordings have been recently digitized. The first attempt to present their content, as well as a sample translation and literary analysis of four Amharic love poems recorded by Stefan Strelcyn, is undertaken in this article.
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Medieval Kyivan Rus and Metropolitans of Kiev Cyprian and Gregory Tsamblak – data on members of the Bulgarian noble family Tsamblak in Western Europe after the fall of Constantinople.
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For professionals inside HE, university activity implies three major requirements: lecturing, conference participation and article publication. The question is to what extent these forums cover the whole range of academic communication, and what would happen if other debate outlets were recognised as equally valid? Letters to the editor may be one pertinent category. Although present in few scientific journals, usually as part of Comments, Letters or Opinion sections, letters play the same role in these publications as discussions usually do at the end of a lecture. Moreover, some publications validate them as scientific research in their own right. What this article aims to disclose are some of the topics of concern expressed by academics from different parts of the world in their letters about university life during the recent pandemic. Not surprisingly perhaps, their main concern seems to be the same: the transformations in education and publication imposed or accelerated by the pandemic, and the response of HE institutions to this massive and unexpected challenge.
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In addition to speaking, listening, and reading, writing represents a very important skill that needs to be given special attention. The paper will focus on some theoretical aspects that have to be taken into consideration when teaching writing; the second part of the paper will refer to the principles of effective writing in the academic environment and last, but not least, the focus will be on the main challenges associated with teaching writing-based classes.
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The female figures bearing the name Alecsandri are almost unknown to the wide public and, to a less extent, to some specialists. In the second part of this paper, the author brings to the public attention the figures of Vasile Alecsandriʼs wife Paulina (born Lucașevici), that of his daughter Maria (married with the representatives of two important boyar families: Catargiu and Bogdan) and nieces (Margareta and Elena). In addition, the article includes information on the writerʼs sister-in-law Noémie (born Guillard) and the nieces he had from his brother (Hélène Anne, Alice Catherine and Marie) pointing out the genealogical connections with various French ennobled families as: de Lesseps, Darricarrère, Guillard, de Malherbe, del Valle, Bal and others.
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The article discusses a set of means by which the concepts of soul/spirit are verbalized in languages of different systems – Russian and Georgian. The article analyzes the relationship between the semantic content of these words and the scope of their use; in particular, differences in their meaning and use in religious and scientific discourses. From a comparative point of view, the paper analyzes semantic structure and scope of meanings of the Russian words душа / дух (soul/spirit) and the Georgian lexical units სული [suli] / სამშვინველი [samshvinveli] / გონი [goni]. The studied units in these languages are polysemantic words, however, the semantic content of their lexico-semantic variants is not identical. The Russian word дух corresponds to the Georgian words სული [suli] and გონი [goni]; and the word душа corresponds to Georgian – სული [suli] and სამშვინველი [samshvinveli] depending on the sphere of their use. The results of the comparative study are presented in the article based on the analysis of lexicographic data of explanatory, bilingual and encyclopedic dictionaries, as well as parallel contexts from religious and scientific (philosophical) literature.
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Book Review: Ю. Стоянова. Проблеми на психолингвистиката. София: УИ „Св. Климент Охридски“, 2022. 575 с.
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Richard McGuire’s Here, an “artist book disguised as a graphic novel”, follows a single viewpoint over a multimillennial timespan. Pursuing potential storylines on several apparently incompatible levels (gestural, historical, evolutionary, cosmic), this ostensibly simple concept provides a broad template for exploring non-linear narrative capacities of printed media: it could be examined as a non-anthropocentric visualization of a chronotope (Bakhtin), an SF staging of espacement (Derrida), an exemplary ergodic text (Aarseth), an exercise in tactile multimodality or collage fiction (Gibbons). The common ground of these perspectives is the material framework of a codex: the corner of a room depicted in the majority of Here’s pages structurally limits the potentially endless diversity of content, while also metonymically playing upon its own isomorphic relation to the book as a three-dimensional object. This disrupts the temporality of reading and storytelling in a variety of ways, and the article focuses on Here’s ambivalent position regarding the factors of sequence and simultaneity, narrative and spatiality.
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Throughout the history of literature, and German literature in particular, there are repeatedly accounts of “life cycles” or “life histories” of things: efforts to narrate the trajectories of artefacts in socioeconomic cycles, which in toto elude observation and remain imperceptible. In some cases accounts are written in first person singular simulating an autobiographical perspective of things. The article proposes to call this formation autocyclography of things. Historically, the literary tradition of this autocyclography of things reaches back at least as far as the Antiquity. The paper outlines the theoretical framework and contextualises examples from German literature in a broader framework of wold literature (British it-narratives and Soviet literatura fakta). In the focus of analytic interest stands Hans Jakob Christoffel von Grimmelshausens autocyclography of a toilet paper. Furthermore, the article presents examples for autocyclography of things from German Literature of the 18th and 19th century, which still wait further scolary attention: autocyclographies of a coin, a wig, a fly, a book, a coach, a toothpick, a joke and a stomach.
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In this essay I discuss the short stories of the Appalachian and West Virginian writer Breece D’J Pancake (1952-1979) in order to reflect on the ways in which the experience of peripherality comes to be registered in literature. Taking a cue from recent articulations of world literature as the literature of the capitalist world system, I argue that Pancake is a peripheral modernist: the formal oscillation between a realism traditionally associated with regionalist writing and “irrealist” elements stands as a mark of his peripherality. Both the class focus of Pancake’s stories and their broad environmental theme may be regarded as symptoms of the region’s structural position within the processes of capital accumulation. I maintain that there is a utopian impulse permeating Pancake’s fiction. It can be located in Pancake’s descriptions of the environment and the temporal disjunctions present in his stories.
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Review of: Saša Šmulja, Južnoslovenske književne teme, interliterarni, intertekstualni i imagološki aspekti, Banja Luka: Filološki fakultet, 2021, 191 str., ćir.
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Since ancient times women have been considered as derivative of men or subordinate to them. This cultural vision impacts the Italian language and its use by people to talk about women. In addition, some sociolinguistics studies have shown that common speakers have expectations on how women and men, women especially, should express themselves in spoken and written language. This paper deals with the ways in which linguistics choices of speakers referring to women. Sometimes linguistics choices include women in the generic use of masculine, others time this doesn’t happen, and women are mentioned apart. We will start from the Raccomandazioni of Alma Sabatini and then we will present some studies that have been proposed following her proposals and her thoughts. In the second part of the article, we will show the correlation between linguistics choices and the paradigms suggested in many books for the Primary School. The aim of this paper is to demonstrate how the morphological level of the language can transmit gender stereotypes.
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This article aims to present the use of the literary text in the teaching of Italian as foreign language and to identify its advantages for Macedonian university students. After a brief theoretical introduction in the first part of the article which illustrates the role and the different uses of literary passages in the didactic context, various objectives are presented for the use of the literary work in the language class. The literary passages proposed to students with an average level of linguistic competence, present in the following textbooks used by Macedonian students in the language class at the Faculty of Philology of the Goce Delchev University of Shtip, are identified and analysed: - “L'italiano all'Università 2”, Language course for foreign students B1-B2, by M. La Grassa, M. Delitala and F. Quercioli; - “Contatto” Italian course for foreigners, intermediate level B1, by R. B. Costa, C. Ghezzi and M. Piantoni; - "New Italian Project 2" Multimedia course of Italian language and civilization, intermediate level B1-B2, by T. Marin and S. Magnelli. The second part of the article offers examples of the use of the literary text in teaching activities together with the information on Italian literature found in the various texts offered in the analysed textbooks. This second part, therefore, demonstrates that such information represents a link to cultural and social phenomena. It is concluded that the literary text present in the mentioned textbooks is a very useful tool that allows various communicative activities by promoting the students' creativity, develops their critical thinking skills by involving them in a linguistic and cultural reflection.
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This paper is an overview of the second, supplemented and modified edition of the first textbook of Macedonian literature and culture for foreigners “Vezilka” by Vesna Mojsova Chepishevska, PhD. With exception of Georgi Stalev’s textbook for Macedonian literature in XIX century, this is the only academic textbook for Macedonian literature not only for foreign scholars, but also for Macedonian students of philology. The paper separately comments and analyzes chapters of the second edition of the textbook, published in 2022 and the reading book “Vezilke, Say How to Give Birth to a Simple and Strict Macedonian Poem”. In the concluding observation of this review, among other things, it is pointed that the second, supplemented and modified edition of “Vezilka” is a textbook written according the international standards of this type of publication, but that at the same time, this textbook, in our national context, establishes standards for textbook writing, especially when it comes to presenting Macedonian literature and culture to foreign recipients.
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