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Названия травянистого растения колокольчик (Campanula) в удмуртских диалектах

Author(s): Olga Arzamazova / Language(s): Russian Issue: 3/2017

The Udmurt dialectal names of a bellflower (Campanula) are discussed. The areal distribution of the bellflower names is outlined, their derivational structure is analyzed, the etymological characteristics of their components are given and the basic naming principles are defined. There are many disyllabic words used as components of the bellflower names in Udmurt dialects. The most productive pattern of word-formation is ”noun + noun”. These words have mainly been formed on native basis. All of them date from the period of independent development of the Udmurt language. The dialectal variants of the words ku̯akagi̮rli̮ and gi̮rli̮śaśka have the widest distribution.

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К 90-летию профессора Л. П. Васиковой (1927—2012)

Author(s): Galina Ertsikova / Language(s): Russian Issue: 3/2017

L. P. Vasikova (1927—2012)

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Роль ученых Институтa языка, литературы и истории Kарельского научного центра РАН в развитии современного карельского литературного языкa

Author(s): Svetlana Nagurnaya,Aleksandra Pavlovna Rodionova / Language(s): Russian Issue: 1/2018

The article is devoted to the contribution of the scientists of the Institute of Language, Literature and History of the Karelian Research Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences to language planning during the revitalization of the Karelian script. Their work in the field of practical lexicography and language norming, especially the spelling rules, the expert activity of the researchers and their recommendations to solve the most problematic issues of language policy are analyzed.

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Szóláshasonlatok a vajdasági frazémakorpuszban

Author(s): Ilona Rajsli / Language(s): Hungarian Issue: 1/2018

A significant part of the Vojvodinian phraseme corpus is made up of comparative phrases. In the phraseme-card collection of the Penavin-heritage this type constitutes quite a heterogeneous group. Comparative phrases in the traditional sense of the word are the most numerous and they form a separate type, which are often not idiomatic, they simply indicate comparison. The second group of comparative phrases (also a numerous one) relate to some kind of a local event or they refer to a story or anecdote. In the case of the latter, the phrase-user knows only the usage of the phrase itself, while the story behind it is often forgotten or obscure. Two more recent types of comparative phrasemes fall into two smaller groups: phrases showing humorous overstatement (maybe irony), where the main clause is never idiomatic, and its structure follows the pattern so/so big/so much (...), that, and those that intend explicitly to show irony by antonymic relations in phrasemes (phraseologic antonyms). In the case of the latter group, considering their form only a small number of phrasemes belong to the system of comparative phrasemes. This study analizes Vojvodinian comparative phrasemes according to their typological, structural, semantic and linguistic-dialectal characteristics.

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Declension Classes in Livonian – a Language-User Abstractive Approach

Author(s): Zeprina-Jaz Ainsworth / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2019

This paper aims to present an abstractive study of Livonian declension classes which lends support to the pedagogical analyses offered in Viitso, Ernštreits 2012. In this study I identify and discuss additional inflexional patterns in the language which may aid in a language-user’s deduction of novel inflected forms. These, I suggest, may be exploited alongside the abstract patterns encapsulated by the principal parts and exemplary paradigms given in the Livonian dictionary.

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Сложные существительные подчинительного типа в эрзянском языке

Author(s): T. P. Ariskina / Language(s): Russian Issue: 1/2019

Erzya compound words of the subordinative type are examined from different angles, drawing on material from the encyclopedia ”Mordovia”. The methods used are the descriptive method, methods of quantitative and qualitative analysis, continuous sampling and systematisation. In terms of etymology, determinative compounds can be identified as genuinely Erzyan, Russian and mixed. The analysis of word-building patterns revealed that those models where the first component is a noun, an adjective, or a verb are very productive, whereas compounds where the first components are participles or adverbs are very few.

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Welche Sprache sprechen Ortsnamen? Über ostseefinnisch-baltische Kontakte in Abhandlungen über Toponymie von Ojārs Bušs

Author(s): Lembit Vaba / Language(s): German Issue: 1/2019

The article provides a critical analysis of the studies of Latvian onomast Ojārs Bušs (1944—2017) on place names of Finnic origin located in the Latvian territory. The topics covered are: Bušs’s assessments of the works of his predecessors on place name identification and etymological analysis; issues of the hydronyms and settlement names of Finnic origin; speech sounds and sound clusters as eventual indicators the Finnic origin of certain place names; Latvian place name list as an authentic source of the Livonian language and evidence of former Estonian settlement in Latvia, etc.

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Юбилей Т. И. Жилиной

Author(s): Svetlana Sazhina / Language(s): Russian Issue: 1/2019

T. I. Zhilina

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Юбилей Г. А. Некрасовой

Author(s): Galina Punegova,Jevgenij Cypanov / Language(s): Russian Issue: 1/2019

G. A. Nekrasova;

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Votic and Ingrian Core Lexicon in the Finnic Context: Swadesh Lists of Five Related Varieties

Author(s): Fedor Rozhanskiy,Mikhail Zhivlov / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2019

The main goal of this paper is compiling the Swadesh lists for five Finnic varieties: Votic, Estonian, Finnish, and the Soikkola and Lower Luga dialects of the Ingrian language. The lists are compiled using the methodology developed by the Moscow School of Comparative Linguistics. The meaning of the target words is specified not just with the translation equivalent but also with the context. Words for the lists are selected in cooperation with native speakers who help to choose the most suitable word from several synonymic variants. The resulting lists contain 111 words. For each word, etymological comments are provided. The paper also offers some preliminary observations concerning the core lexicon of the discussed varieties. In particular, we investigate the lexicostatistical distances between the languages and analyse the directions of borrowings. One of the conclusions of the research is that the lexicostatistic difference between closely related languages does not have a strong correlation with their genetic distance. The three minor varieties (Votic and two Ingrian dialects) are more similar to each other than to either of the major languages (Estonian and Finnish). The latter demonstrate more language-specific items in the core lexicon.

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Николай Исанбаевич Исанбаев 90

Author(s): Valeri Maksimov,Oleg A. Sergeev,Natalia Glukhova / Language(s): Russian Issue: 2/2019

N. I. Isanbajev 90

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Differential Object Marking in Tver Karelian

Author(s): Nicklas N. B. Oranen / Language(s): English Issue: 4/2019

This study provides a descriptive account of differential object marking (DOM) in the (endangered) Tver Karelian variety of the Karelian language. DOM in Tver Karelian is primarily based on the referential boundedness of a verb phrase, which in turn is determined according to the divisibility and cumulativity of the referents of the verbal and nominal predicates of the verb phrase in question. In addition to boundedness, DOM in Tver Karelian is also affected by the word class of a given object (noun or pronoun), as well as verbal morphology and semantics.

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Conjunctive and Comitative Noun Phrase Coordination in Beserman Udmurt

Author(s): Iuliia Zubova / Language(s): English Issue: 4/2019

This article addresses the issue of noun phrase coordination in Beserman Udmurt. I consider monosyndetic/bisyndetic no and single/double comitative constructions as main competing strategies for noun phrase coordination in Beserman Udmurt. Syntactic tests show that monosyndetic/bisyndetic no and single/double comitative with plural verbal agreement are coordinating structures while the single comitative structure with singular verbal agreement is a case of subordination. The choice between conjunctive and comitative structures is affected by animacy, number, and syntactic function of coordinands. Elicitational data shows that bisyndetic no is used for emphatic coordination, since it cannot be used with collective predicates. In case of the single comitative marking, the number agreement on a verb is defined by the predicate type and the information structure of an utterance. Coordination of nouns in non-subject function is typically formed by using the asyndetic or syndetic strategy. Double comitative coordination of nouns in non-subject function is only possible under the case compounding strategy, although this strategy causes the speakers some difficulties.

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Г. Н. Макаров — основатель карельской лексикографической школы

Author(s): Tatjana Boiko / Language(s): Russian Issue: 4/2019

G. N. Makarov and Karelian Lexicography

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80-летие Евгения Александровича Игушева. Vita in lingua

Author(s): Galina Nekrasova,Jevgenij Cypanov / Language(s): Russian Issue: 4/2019

Jevgeni А. Igushev 80

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Субъектная референция в ижорском и водском языках: из истории одного заимствования

Author(s): Evgeniya V. Budennaya / Language(s): Russian Issue: 04 (35)/2019

The article deals with diachronic study of subject reference in Votic and Ingrian (Finnic branch, Uralic family). At present, in these languages, as in Russian, the subject pronoun is predominantly expressed explicitly (Ingrian: Miä muiššan šenen hüväšt ‘I remember it well’). However, this pronominal pattern is not typical for other Uralic languages, where the pronoun tends to be omitted (at least in the first and second person). In this regard, the genesis of pronominal referential pattern in Votic and Ingrian languages is of great interest. Based on diachronic analysis of Votic and Ingrian texts (mid 19th — early 21st century), the article shows how the pronominal pattern has developed through the Central and the Lower Luga dialects of Votic and through the Soikkola dialect of Ingrian. All idioms demonstrate a significant expansion of third person subject pronouns in the middle of the 20th century. This process coincides with the period of increased contacts with native speakers of Russian and can thus be explained by contact influence.

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Дискуссионная заметка к статье Л. Хонти “Bemerkungen zum Bestand der dentalen Spiranten der U/FU/Ug Grundsprache”

Author(s): Juliya Victorovna Normanskaya / Language(s): Russian Issue: 04 (35)/2019

The paper shows that PU/FU *s > PUg *s vs. *š may not be an Ugric innovation associated with the influence of neighboring consonants, as L. Honti suggests. This has parallels in the southern Kudymkar dialect of the Komi-Permian language: PUg *s corresponds to South.-Kudym. ɕ, and *š to South.-Kudym. s'.

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К особенностям перевода «Закона Божия» (1912 г.) на удмуртский язык: графика, орфография, фонетика

Author(s): Maria Kaysina,Natalja V. Kondratjeva / Language(s): Russian Issue: 03 (34)/2019

The article consists of two parts. The first part represents graphic and orthographic characteristics of the Udmurt written monument of the early 20th century. The analysis of the graphic and orthographic features of the monument is carried out in order to further consider the phonetic and morphologic features of the written source. The second part of the article describes vocalic and consonant characteristics of the Udmurt written monument. Comparing these characteristics with the materials of the dictionary [Wichmann 1987] and the data of the modern Udmurt dialects the authors attempt to describe these features as archaic or innovative.

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Generációk közötti törésvonal a nyelvjárási nyelvhasználatban – esettanulmány

Author(s): Miklós Németh / Language(s): Hungarian Issue: 4/2019

This presentation discusses a two-generation interview carried out within the Szeged Sociolinguistics Research project, whose text was included in the Kontra et al. (2016) volume, but was not analyzed there. The interviewees are a 42-year-old woman and her 12-year-old daughter, who live in the same household in Szeged. The most striking characteristic of their language use from the dialectological point of view is that the mother consistently uses the Szeged dialect throughout the interview while her daughter does not use it at all. The daughter’s language use is especially interesting if we consider the fact that both her grandparents and parents use the dialect in their three-generational household, including their communications with her. I analyze the following aspects of the two-generation interview: (i) what mother and daughter think regarding the regional dialect vs. the standard, (ii) what they think regarding the other one’s language use, and (iii) what they think the reasons are for the other one’s language use. This case study may shed light on certain aspects of the workings of intergenerational discontinuity of language use at the level of the smallest speech community, the family.

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Minek nevezzelek? A metaforahasználat genderalapú vizsgálata szónoki beszédekben

Author(s): Edit Katona / Language(s): Hungarian Issue: 4/2019

In our social life there are many occasions that call for delivering a speech. Speeches given at celebrations and other social events are often made with the intention to persuade or at least to impress. In my study I look into twenty oratory speeches: ten given by women and ten by men. Half of these were given at public forums, while the other half was delivered at the traditional Kossuth Oratory Contest organized for university students in Budapest. The objective of the research was to map the imagery sources of the metaphors used, on the one hand by public speakers and, on the other, by the students, and to see whether there were marked differences between the metaphoric features of their speeches. Special attention was paid to the question of whether the choice of metaphors was influenced by the fact that the speech was intended for an audience of the speakers’ own gender. Other important points were whether the metaphorical character was the result of a wider context, cognitive based, or linguistic-stylistic, as well as of the rhetorical procedures it was integrated into the speeches.

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