Upotreba sintagmi s posesivnim pridjevom i posesivnim genitivom u bosanskome jeziku (na primjerima književnoumjetničkog stila)

Author(s): Emira Mešanović / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 1-2/2004

In this paper there was an attempt to find the answer to the question which form- adjective or genitive case, and under which circumstances, Bosnian and Herzegovinian writers use to express the categories of possession in the belletristic style. The achieved results do not confirm the attitudes from the grammar literature which propose the usage of possessive adjective whenever possible, since very frequent examples of the genitive case are noted, even in the examples where the adjectival form is categorically prescribed. Therefore, we can not speak neither about the prevalence of the adjective, nor about the sporadic occurrence of the genitive case. It is obvious that the grammatical norm and the linguistical practice even do not agree upon the phenomenon.

Szerb alaktani és mondattani hatások a vajdasági magyar diákok nyelvében

Author(s): Edit Andrić / Language(s): Hungarian Issue: 1/2016

The paper tackles Serbian morphological and syntactic influences in the language use of Hungarian students in Vojvodina, in the range of which we have to mention types of sentence constructions which lack the ‘spirit of Hungarian language’, first of all the over use of adverbial participles under the influence of the Serbian passive constructions, and also, the preference of imperative structures with the hogy conjunction under the influence of the Serbian present tense ‘da’ verbal constructions. Mirrored word patterns are also frequent, because sentences in Serbian tend to expand to the right whereas Hungarian relies on leftward expansion. The paper pays particular attention to the increased use of the construction used with a specific inflected form of the kell auxiliary and also to the szabad + infinitive constructions.

НИТУ АНГЛИСКИ НИТУ МАКЕДОНСКИ (КРАТКА АНАЛИЗА НА АНГЛИЗМИТЕ ВО МАКЕДОНСКИОТ ЈАЗИК И НИВНА /НЕ/ОПРАВДАНОСТ

Author(s): Meri Lazarevska / Language(s): Macedonian Issue: 09/2020

Everything in this world is in a perpetual state of change. Language as well, joins in this general flux. Within the frames of the language changes, language variations appear because of various factors, such as the geographic surroundings, social and cultural environment as well as the influence of the so called “language of the world”, as the most dominant language. Thus the process of borrowing terms and phrases from the dominant language (English) appears spontaneously, and is omnipresent throughout the languages in the World and also in the Macedonian language. There are several reasons because of which the vocabulary elements penetrate from language to language. One of them is related to the terms that denote a prestige and people very easily accept, such as: prestige, luxury, exclusive, summit, business etc. Another is related to the notion of ‘need’. But there are also examples of English borrowings the roots of which have been taken in the Macedonian language, but have been changed to fit the Macedonian morphology, so that their form has been changed. Of a such type are many verbs from the English origin to which the Macedonian suffix ‘ira’ (ира) has been added: invest-инвестира, program-програмира, apply-аплицира, The English borrowings in the Macedonian language are widely spread in almost all the scientific fields. The general conclusion is that the borrowings should be imported in the language only if a term for some notion doesn’t exist in the language and it exists in the language – borrower.

Covid-19 Trending Neologisms in Bosnia and Herzegovina

Author(s): Jelena Ilić-Plauc,Ivona Šetka-Čilić / Language(s): English Issue: 16/2021

The Covid-19 pandemic has affected every single aspect of life including conversational practices both online and offline. New lexical and sociolinguistic changes have become part of our lives, which is especially vivid in the emergence of Covid-19 trending neologisms. The present study utilizes the descriptive-qualitative design in the analysis of morphological structures of neologisms in Bosnian/Croatian/Serbian languages. Specifically, the paper is based on the analysis of morphological structures of the neologisms that use the discourse of the Covid pandemic as a base/modifier, i.e., that contain either corona- / korona-, coronavirus- / koronavirus-, Covid-19- / Kovid-19-, and Covid- / Kovid- as a base of the neologism. The dataset consists of over 10,000 headlines related to Covid-19 information, found and collected in online newspaper sections Koronavirus – Dnevni Avaz (Bosnia and Herzegovina) between March 2020 and March 2021. The results show that there is an intensive usage of the Covid-19 neologisms, which manifests the dynamics of language as new words are used, added, and integrated into conversational practices daily. Moreover, the majority of these neologisms use the discourse of the Covid pandemic as a base/modifier. This paper aims to shed light not only on the meanings of the new words and their structure and function, but it can also serve as a foundation for creating a special Covid-19 glossary on the territory of Bosnia and Herzegovina.

Leksički arhaizmi u nekim zapadnoštokavskim govorima

Author(s): Marinka Šimić / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 7/2021

The paper presents and analyses lexical archaisms. i.e. Old Church Slavonic words in certain Western Shtokavian dialects on the basis of the written materials, or works of Fr. Petar Bakula, Fr. Martin Mikulić and Ivan Sopta, as well as some remnants in speech. This refers primarily to Western Shtokavian Ikavian dialect of Široki Brijeg, Grude and their vicinity. The paper gives examples from the mentioned writers' works including the meaning and etymology if it is known. It sometimes also gives parallel examples from the Croatian Glagolitic manuscripts. Thereby, the introduction speaks about features of the selected dialects at the lexical level and points out their peculiarities.

HRVATSKI LINGVIST I FILOLOG STJEPAN IVSIC

Author(s): Josip Lisac / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 1/1991

Stjepan Ivšić (1884-1962) meldet sich in der Wissenschaft in einer Zeitspanne, in der die slavische Philologie des vergangenen Jahrhunderts — von Jagić gefuhrt — verschwindet und in die Slavistik, der neuen Epoche angemessen, aufwächst. Bei Ivšić bemerken wir nämlich die Jagićsche Breite der Interessen einerseits, und eine neue Linie der gründlichen Vertiefung in die Probleme der nationalen Philologie anderseits. Die damalige modernisierte Tradition der Junggrammatiker hatte in Ivšić einen hervorragenden Repräsentanten, aber ebenso einen Wissen-schaftler, der ihre Schwächen fühlte, jedoch in seinem Werk überhaupt nicht zur Annahme neuer Trends des 20. Jahrhunderts geneigt war. Doch, Ivšićs formeller Traditionalismus ist kein Hindernis, um all die Fülle neuer Erkenntnisse, die sein Genie — von der faktischen wie auch der methodologischen Hinsicht —erreichte. So erkannte er in der Dialektologie und besonders in der Akzentologie auch solche strukturellen Elemente, die anderen Wissenschaftlern verborgen blieben; auch im Erforschen der Entstehung und der Entwicklung der Standardsprache bei Kroa-ten kam er zu Resultaten vom dauernden Wert. Er war auch ein außergewöhnli-cher Kenner der slavischen Philologie und der kroatischen Glagoliza, wie auch der Lehrer vieler Generationen kroatischer Slavisten. Obwohl er sein Werk nicht zu Ende bringen konnte, kann man Ivšić in unserer Mitte doch als einen kroatischen Linguisten vom höchsten Range betrachten. Daß dieses Ansehen gänzlich gerecht-fertigt ist, können wir am offenbarsten aus der Tatsache sehen, daß Ivšićs wissen-schaftlicher Opus meistens überhaupt nicht veraltet, sondern von der Wirkung der Zeit veschont blieb, was bei der wissenschaftlichen Arbeit selten vorkommt.

Prikupljene nove hrvatske riječi u 15. kolu Šreterova natječaja

Author(s): Sanda Ham / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 1/2021

Povijesni broj jezika

Author(s): Igor Čatić / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 4/2020

U povijesti časopisa Jezika, broju 2. - 3., 2020. pripada jedno od počasnih mjesta. Objavljen je tijekom izolacijskog vremena zbog koronavirusa. No uz dodatak, potresa u Zagrebu. Svaka čast svima koji su sudjelovali u njegovoj objavi i distribuciji. Neki samo s pomoću mobitela. Broj koji je dostavljen čitateljstvu bio je u najekološkijoj omotnici, onoj od polietilenskog, općenitije, plastičnoga stezljivog filma. Kratki dodatak: riječ je o tankom crijevu u koje se ulaže primjerak časopisa. To se crijevo zagrije i u potpunosti omota sadržaj. Takva vrećica ima masu od oko 5 grama, a papirnata najmanje 22,5 grama.

AKCENAT IMENICA TIPA VÒDA I ŽÈNA U SAVREMENOM BOSANSKOM JEZIKU

Author(s): Amina Pehlić / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 19/2021

The aim of this paper was to explore the accent of disyllabic feminine nouns of e-declension with a short ascending accent (type vòda and type žèna) in contemporary Bosnian standard language reference books and the standard language use, given the previously observed tendency towards losing accent alternations in a paradigm. Based on the comparative analysis of accent types of 29 nouns in Bosnian dictionaries and the previous description of accent by Daničić (1925), we concluded that the process of losing accent alternations in a paradigm of many analyzed nouns has advanced. For instance, as specified in Bosnian dictionaries, 12 nouns, namely bùha, djèca, gòra, hrđa, ìgla, ìgra, màgla, mùha, snàha, zmìja, zòra and žèlja belong to the invariable accent type, while being previously considered variable by Daničić. The accent types in the paradigm of the aforementioned 12 nouns were explored among 23 participants to check whether the loss of alternations also characterizes the standard language use. The findings showed that the process of losing alternations in paradigms of the majority of the investigated words has advanced in the standardized language use in comparison to the description by Daničić. In fact, according to Daničić all of these nouns belonged to the variable accent type (type vòda), and according to the results related to the standard language use the majority belong rather to the invariable type (type žèna). However, in contrast to the description in Bosnian dictionaries, where these words are mentioned only as belonging to the invariable type, it should be emphasized that in the standard language use almost all, although in a smaller percentage, were also found with alternations – which indicates that accent alternations in a paradigm of the majority of the investigated words are suppressed but not completely lost.

Antropografska leksika u govorima svrljiškog kraja - lingvogeografski pristup

Author(s): Ana Savić-Grujić / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 2/2017

The doctoral dissertation entitled The anthropological lexicon in the speech of the Svrljig area – a linguo-geographic approach deals with the study of the lexicon which is used to denote an individual based on his physical traits, in the speech of the Svrljig area. The term anthropogeographic lexicon refers to a lexicon used to denote an individual based on his features: physical features, social features, character. In the analysis of this lexicon, we selected an approach based on what is evident, and this primarily includes the physical features of individuals, that is, characteristics which the interlocutor can see (and/or hear) in contact with the individual in possession of these features. In order to obtain more precise results, we carried out the research in a very narrow geographic area – in the speech of the Svrljig area. A detailed analysis founded on relevant and extensive material, collected in the field, offered us the opportunity to use a linguistic perspective in order to view how a particular human community treats a certain part of the social reality – an individual and his physical features. The subject matter of this dissertation consists of more than 1600 nominal and adjectival lexemes of the Svrljig area, which can be defined as words which characterize an individual based on his physical features, and which belong to the semantic micro field of “physical features“, as a part of the semantic field “human traits“ and the associated field of “man“. The aim of this research was to isolate and study this lexicon, to organize an appropriate discussion, map the geographic distribution of certain lexemes and compile a dictionary. The determination of the semantic extent of lexical units which refer to the nomination and qualification of an individual has led to a more precise lexical image of the speech of the Svrljig area, but also to the understanding of the cultural identity of a single linguistic community. In a word, the formation of these lexical units is primarily based on visual perception (color, size, shape and the like). At the same time, their final form was also influenced by the socio-cultural specificities of the speech community which rested on the traditional human life values of people living in a rural environment. The volume and diversity of the nominations used to denote physical characteristics reflect a clear cultural specificity of the speech community in which everything that disrupts the ideal of a natural image and is not in accordance with the social norms is deemed negative. On the other hand, the number of positive and expressively neutral lexical units used to denote an individual with positive physical characteristics, as well as those which in no way deviate from the patterns of social norm, is negligible. A large part of this lexicon is represented by lexical units motivated by the name of a body part, but a significant percentage is made up of words which are the result of a metaphoric extension related to various entities from the environment, as well as lexical units based on a mythological semantic motivation. The derivational analysis included only those words which in synchronic terms can be considered derived words. The derivations obtained through prefixation and suffixation were analyzed as derivates which are the result of a complex-suffixation derivation process. Special attention was paid to suffixation as the basic and most widely available means of derivation. Suffixes were represented in combination with the base to which they were bound, and their productivity and meaning in terms of derivation were indicated. Lexical maps were used to represent the geographic distribution of ten selected lexemes. Since there is significant homogeneity on the lexical field, the differentiations between the Timok-Lužnice and Svrljg-Zaplanje speech are almost non-existent.

Лексика народне медицине у тимочко-лужничким говорима

Author(s): Jelena Glišić / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 2/2017

Допуна Речнику пиротског говора

Author(s): Dragoljub Zlatković / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 1/2017

Народна медицинска лексика Великог Блашка (код Бањалуке)

Author(s): Biljana Savić / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 1/2017

Антропографски речник југоисточне Србије

Author(s): Nedeljko Bogdanović / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 1/2016

Антропографический словарь юго-восточной Сербии представляет со- бой региональный диалектный корпус слов-обозначений человека в народ- ных говорах – по его физическим свойствам, чертам характера и психики, а также социальным отношениям. В структуре данного лексикона выделяются группы слов, которые опи- сывают человеческое существо (изображают, отражают, определяют) и в со- ответствии с этим называют его. Появление данных слов обусловлено следу- ющими особенностями человека: a) личные характеристики: 1. общие названия: по полу, по возрасту; 2. физические свойства: голова: лицо, лоб, глаза, нос, рот, уши, волосы, борода, шея; туловище: плечи, спина, грудь, живот, задница; фигура: рост, полнота, формы; конечности: руки, ноги; 3. психические свойства: чувствительность; 4. черты характера: отношение к людям, к мaтериальному богатству, отношение к деньгам, отношение к чужому, отношение к дому (семье); сварливость, терпение, тер- пимость; 5. интеллектуальные свойства: сообразительность, рассудительность, образованность, талантливость; б) социальные характеристики: 1. семейные отношения: родство, семейный статус; 2. род занятий: профессиональная деятельность, деловая деятель- ность, занятие искусством, участие в игре; 3. общественное положение, 4. социальный статус: по богатству, по поведению, по отношениям с другими людьми, по от- ношению к идеалам общества; 5. происхождение: по рождению, по социальной принадлежности, и т.д. Данная лексика отличается широким разнообразием свойств: а) сербское / заимствованное слово: слеп / ћорав – с дериватами (слеп- ча, слепкиња; ћора, ћорка); б) субстантивизация для обозначения носителя характеристики: – м. род: слепча // ћорча; – ж. род: ћорна / ћорла; в) выражение степени желательности / нежелательности: уменьшительно-ласкательное: брале, браца; сеја, сека; пейоративное: ћора, ћорша; ћорна, ћоравштина. Лексика данного типа используется в бытовом, чаще всего семейном общении, или на местном уровне, что отражено в большом разнообразии дериватов. Используются и суффиксы, не принадлежащие литературному языку. Алфавитный список словаря содержит свыше 7 500 форм, безусловно, меньшего числа лексем, которые в основном имеют больше одного значения. Материал был записан несколькими авторами, т.е. принадлежит раз- ным источникам, в связи с чем определения значения в большинстве случаев носят синонимичный характер (речь идет не о полисемии, а о различном восприятии и способностях исследователя описать наблюдаемое). Мы от- казались от единообразия с целью сохранения местных, диалектных, исто- рических и культурологических различий.

Говор Прешева

Author(s): Tatjana G. Trajković / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 1/2016

Preševo municipality is located in the far south of Serbia, between the border with Macedonia in the south, administrative border with Kosovo and Metohija in the west and the municipality of Bujanovac and Trgovište in the northeast. It is comprised of the city settlement of Preševo and 34 villages. Serbs and Albanians make up the majority of the citizens in this area. The insufficient research done so far as well as the analyses of the speech of Preševo area was fragmented and, at least, incomplete. Besides, numerous sociological events began to change the image of the presence of Serbian language in this part of Serbia. The need for a more detailed examination of Serbian speech of Preševo area appeared and the result of that need is this paper. The paper is comprised of the following chapters: Introductory remarks, Phonetics, Morphology, From Syntax, Concluding remarks, Texts. The analysis of the material gathered on field is done by the already determined dialectology methods. According to its characteristics the speech of Preševo belongs to the most southern type of the South Morava speeches of Prizren-Timok dialect area. Basic characteristics of Preševo speech are: removal of the accent from the open ultima; accent paradigm; preservation of the semivowel; not as pronounced phenomenon of the facultative diphthong nature of the vowels of the middle row; the nasals of the back row in the verbs belonging to the III Belić type have reflex а; Ekavian replacement of jat; reflex lu for vocal l; the existence of affricate ѕ; consonants č, dž, ć and đ are of standard articulation; final l is in the working verbal adjective of male gender singular turned into -а; special iotation is executed; declination is pronouncedly analytic, which results in the doubling of personal pronouns with the use of prepositions; in nouns of neutral gender there are no forms with the expansion -n-, -m- or -s-; plural form of the nouns of neutral gender, apart from -а, are formed with the suffixes -iki, -ci and -inja; collective nouns ending in -је show the tendency towards the semantic congruence; nouns braća[brothers] and deca[children] in the process of congruence are equaled with the nouns of male gender in plural; some nouns pluralia tantum developed the singular-plural paradigm; the plural of personal nouns of 1st and 2nd person has the following forms: mi[we] and vi[you]; representation of belonging is usually analytic; Present tense of 1st person singular can have the suffix -m and -u; Present tense of 3rd person plural in the speech of Preševo ends in -v; aorist and imperfect aspect are in live use; there are cases of the generalized suffix -li in male and neutral gender plural of the working verbal adjective; there are also cases of generalization of -le in the working verbal adjective for all three genders of plural; Future I is formed as the construction će + Present for all three persons singular and plural; present verbal adverb ends with suffixes -eći and -е(ј)еći; iterative verbs are formed with the -uva- formant; using negative forms of verbs in the following construction: no + pronoun enclitic + verb. It was shown that the Preševo area is an area of numerous phonetic and morphological isoglosses which are represented on the maps in this paper. The research done on the speech of Preševo opens up the question of the situation in the near-by speeches (Bujanovac, Vranje) which would complete Ser-bian dialectological representation of this area.

Из лексике источне Лике

Author(s): Sanja Zobenica / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 1/2016

The dictionary provides a part of lexical treasure collected from relevant informants from Donji Lapac and Jošan. It also complements the findings about Lika type of speech, well known to science due to the efforts of our prominent linguists, primarily Professor Milan Dragičević, Ph.D. The vocabulary presented here makes a valuable contribution to already known basic phonological, morphological and syntactic features of the speech.

Тле и тело у светлу искуства с бојама у говору старопланинског краја

Author(s): Mirjana Ilić / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 1/2016

В работе рассматриваются прилагательные, обозначающие основные цвета в сербском языке: бео, црн, плав, модар, црвен, румен, зелен и жут, при помощи которых характеризуется как природа, так и человек, его здоровая внешность или какая-либо форма физического, душевного и эмоционального недуга. Отмечено, что человек при помощи цветообозначений часто описывает как окружающий мир, так и состояние своего организма. При этом цвет чаще всего указывает на нездоровую внешность или состояние организма. Также отмечается, что некоторые прилагательные, такие, как плав и румен, обычно связаны с описанием здоровой и желаемой внешности человека, тогда как другие, такие, как зелен и жут, связаны с нездоровой внешностью. Ключевые слова: сербский язык, народные говоры старопланинского края, цветообозначения, топонимы, микротопонимы, состояние здоровья организма и цвета.

Дијалекатска лексикографија штокавског наречја (од 1818. до 2014. године) - библиографија

Author(s): Ljiljana Nedeljkov,Brankica Đ. Marković / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 1/2015

Cet article est consacré aux œuvres imprimées qui portent sur le traitement lexicographique des parlers schtokaviens sur l’ espace serbo - croate, depuis le début du 19ème siècle jusqu’à l’année 1992, ainsi que dans la période post-yougoslave de 1992 à 2014. Le matériel recueilli pour une bibliographie est divisé en trois parties - la première partie couvre la période 1818-1945 at la deuxième porte sur la periode serbo - croate qui se termine en 1992. La troisième partie est consacrée à la période post - yougoslave et elle présente des œuvres de la lexicographie dialectale créées dans les nouveaux États, ex-républiques yougoslaves: la Bosnie-Herzégovine, la Serbie, le Monténégro et la Croatie. Depuis la parution du Dictionnaire serbe en 1818, les disciples, admirateurs et collaborateurs de Vuk Stef. Karadžić, à travers le 19ème siècle, ont apporté, par leurs contributions sur le vocabulaire specifique territorial, à l’ enrichissement du vocabulaire de la langue littéraire nouvellement fondeé, et le résultat de ce travail commun était un grand nombre de travaux lexicographiques imprimés, de petits aussi que de plus grands, que font origines de la lexicographie dialectale et montrent son développement au cours du 20e siècle, en aire linguistique serbo-croate. Après la décomposition de la Yougoslavie en 1992, nous avons observé la production des travaux de lexicographie dialectale conformément à la nouvelle situation politique.

Сто десет година српског дијалектолошког зборника (1905-2015) - библиографија

Author(s): Brankica Đ. Marković / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 1/2015

This year, 2015, marks 110th anniversary since the appearance of the first number of the Serbian Dialectological Proceedings, a journal that publishes the results of extensive research on the Serbian dialects. This renowned paper was established in 1905 by the Serbian Royal Academy, whereas today it is issued by the Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts and its Serbian Language Institute. In honour of this important event, the bibliography of all that has been published in it from the field of Serbian dialectology since the beginning of the 20th century until the first half of the second decade of the 21th century. The bibliography has been written in chronological order – from its earliest days until today (from 1905 to 2015), and then it is further arranged according to the contents of each number of the journal. There is also an index of all authors attached at the end of bibliography.

Синтакса падежа Горње Пчиње (одредбене функције)

Author(s): Marina Jurišić / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 1/2014

Система склонения говора верхней пчини (Горня пчиня), расположенной к юго-востоку от г. вране и принадлежащей к призренско-тимочской диалектной области, значительно упрощена, и сводится к независимому падежу (номинативу), общему падежу (оп), вместо косвенных падежей, и к редким остаткам форм детельного падежа, которые последними покидают языковую систему данного говора, охваченного аналитизмом. вокатив представляет живую грамматическую категорию (незначительным является количество примеров употребления номинатива вместо вокатива). Форма аккузатива как основного падежа объекта приобрела статус формы casus oblicus, при которой семантические нюансы уточняются с помощью предлога и семантики управляемого глагола. предлоги в большинстве случаев обладают той же формой и значением, что и в других сербских говорах, однако, имеются также и отступления (например: предлог по имеет и другие значения - ʻдуж (вдоль), уз (при), поред (рядом)ʼ и ʻиза (за, позади, сзади)ʼ; предлог од употребляется и там, где имел место старый аблативный предлог са; предлог поза занимает место стандартного предлога иза; вместо према часто слышится спрема, а вместо насупрот – спротив; соположенные крај/кра/крə и при встречаются и в адлативном значении; встречаются также новые сложные предлоги: аблативное откуде и адлативные накуде и докуде, затем предлог врз и предлог куде ʻкодʼ). номинатив воспринял, наряду с имевшимися функциями (субъекта и именной части предиката) некоторые значения, характерные в стандартном языке обычно для генитива. подлинные формы дательного падежа сохранились только в ограниченном количестве именных местоимений (однако все чаще заменяются конструкцией на + ОП) и в энклитиках дательного падежа, в то врема как в существительных общий падеж полностью вытеснил формы дательного падежа. в большинстве родственных говоров сохранается свободный дательный падеж или же по крайней мере может иметь место при конструкции на + ОП; однако в говоре верхней пчини он полностью вытеснен на-конструкцией. Свободный общий падеж в функции дательного отсутствует (редкие исключения представляют некоторые местоименные формы). что касается предлогов, употребляемых в данном падеже, сохранились только према и спрема ʻпрема (к, по направлению), наспрам (напротив), насупрот (напротив), уочи (накануне)ʼ. предлоги ка/к отсутствуют, однако есть новый предлог накуде. Центральная часть данной работы – Общий падеж, представляет анализ детерминативных функций. диалектный материал распределен по семантическим категориям, и каждая представляет особое целое; при этом самыми богатыми являются две семантические категории – спациальность (пространственность) и темпоральность. общий падеж рассматривается как падеж в функции спациального, темпорального, квалификативного, каузального, интенционального, кондиционального, концессивного, поссессивного и спецификативного детерминатора. для того чтобы добиться предельной ясности, следует иметь в виду, что в рамках определенных семантических категорий (поссессивных, спациальных, темпоральных и квалификативных) встречаются, наряду с общим падежом, и редкие формы дательного падежа. Семантика представляет отправной пункт при изучении синтаксиса падежей верхнепчинского говора. при исследовании данного говора применялась актуальная методология синтаксических исследований, базировавшаяся на корпусе современного сербского языка и древнесербских памятников. данный способ исследования может обеспечить унифицированный подход ко всем сербским говорам (в которых иногда отсутствуют одни и те же морфосинтаксические формы) при изучении синтаксиса.