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Размисли на Леонард Нелсон за етичното и религиозното светоразбиране в превод на Валентина Топузова-Торбова

Author(s): Aleksandra Trifonova / Language(s): English,Bulgarian Issue: 4/2016

The proposed text is a lecture given by the famous representative of the neo-Kantian movement Leonard Nelson at a student conference in Aarau, Switzerland, in 1922. It was found in the archives of Tzeko Torbov’s family, translated into Bulgarian in 1950 by Valentina Topuzova-Torbova. The purpose of Leonard Nelson’s talk was to point out the significance of Kant’s autonomous ethics in the post-war world.

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Tarp apšviestosios sąžiningos sąmonės ir saviapgaulės: Hegelio ir J.-P. Sartre’o jungtys

Author(s): Gintautas Mažeikis / Language(s): Lithuanian Issue: 4/2016

Criticism of the ideals of enlightenment is developed in the article by emphasising the limits of the enlightened conscientious reason, objective self-deception and importance of non-foundationalism for existential self-determination. Objectivation, principality and conscientious consistency are often deviations caused by enlightenment. These deviations influence contemporary political and institutional solutions and social regulation. The article is written in the polemic spirit with a lot of reference to the contemporary processes and analyses: a) considerations of ideas of G. Hegel about the enlightened conscientious and unhappy reason, as well as about the limits of objectivation and servitude to abstract principles - these ideas are expanded in his Phenomenology of the Spirit; b) discussion of Sartre about objective bad faith or self-deception and the phenomenon of being-together-with-others as presented in his works Being and Nothingness and Existentialism is Humanism; c) discussion about the importance of non-foundationalism for existential self-determination. The idea of self-deception is interpreted in the context of Nothingness, dialectical negation, making new faces and assuming new social roles. The article represents an active, socially integrated and enabled man, who together with others continuously overpasses the restraints of objectivism and principality, as well as opens possibilities for dialogue of alternatives, their diplomacy and politicality. The aim of the article is to actualise criticism of the conscientious reason, enlightened self-deception and bad faith. The conclusions are applied in the analysis of contemporary public objective attitudes and for solutions of social-constructivism.

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Intuition and the End of All –Isms

Author(s): Vojtěch Kolman / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2018

In my paper, some of the most influential -isms in the philosophy of mathematics are discussed with respect to their attitude to intuition. By the end of the all -isms, at first, their tendency to arrive eventually at just the opposite of their previously proclaimed principle is meant. The positive significance to the given tag line is connected with as a simple observation (due to both William James and Wittgenstein) that most of the -isms are justifiable if treated as practical attitudes rather than theoretical systems. Accordingly, intuition’s role will be twofold: first, as a reference point with respect to which the given -isms were portrayed as turning into their very opposites; and, second, as the focal point to which all of them might be seen as contributing to intuition’s pragmatic reading. Along these lines, the path of intuition might be transformed from an epistemological Calvary—or the path of despair, to use Hegel’s words from the beginning of his Phenomenology in which one particular theory is replaced by another which is itself later replaced, etc.—into the path of progress in which some traditional dilemmas such as that between mathematical realism and nominalism are solved.

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Intelektualna intuicija i intellectus archetypus: refleksivnost kod Kanta i Hegela

Author(s): Slavoj Žižek / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 26/2017

Filozofski, "žensko pitanje" (da upotrijebim ovo staro, krajnje neprikladno određenje) se ne može riješiti niti pomoću nove simbolizacije ženskosti niti uzdizanjem žene u entitet koji se opire simbolizaciji, u "nedjeljivi ostatak" procesa simbolizacije. Ovim drugim putem krenuo je Schelling, koji je "znao da izraz 'žena' ne može poteći iz načela. Ono što ne može tako poteći, treba opisati." Schellingov proboj iz logičke strukture stvarnosti (koju se može predstaviti kao idejni sustav) u Realno primordijalnih nagona (gdje nema dedukcije, može se tek ispričati priča) - i.e. njegov pomak od logosa ka mythosu - je dakle objava Ženskog.

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Fihte i pitanje o jeziku

Author(s): Milenko A. Perović / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 25/2016

The topic of this paper is the clarification of the essence of Fichte’s philosophy of language. In the foreground is the analysis of Fichte’s text ‘’On the Linguistic Capacity and the Origin of Language’’, which is in the literature better known as Journal-Aufsatz from 1795. The volume of the text has conditioned that the text ‘’On the Origin of Language’’ (on the basis of Platner-Vorlesung from 1797) and the fourth and fi fth address from Fichte’s ‘’Addresses to the German Nation’’ had been taken into account only in the hints, as the topic of the critically interpretative attention. Fichte’s philosophico-linguistic position is analyzed according to the model of explication of his underlying thought structure and the capital definitions of language and its ontological origin. Also, the author critically puts Fichte’s understanding of language in the context of the leading understandings of language in the philosophy of language and linguistics.

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Oslobađanje kulture u Fihteovoj filozofiji

Author(s): Stanko Vlaški / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 22/2014

Fichte’s The Vocation of the Scholar defines the notion of culture as the means of man’s identity. There he understands the culture simultaneously as the process of man’s acquisition of the skill to subjugate to the mind everything that is not under its authority and as the acquired degree of that skill, which is the factual situation of man’s historical moment. Man’s identity, as his complete harmony with himself, is reflected by Fichte as moral acting. The culture that is subordinated to the moral freedom is the culture of the act, which is free from all empirical purposes, and, consequently, cannot be reduced to the assembly of the scientific, artistic, religious, linguistic and historical facts. The Author considers Fichte’s understanding of the culture in the broader context of the philosopher’s early science of knowledge (Wissenschaftslehre), while the introductory and final chapters are trying to point to the elements of Fichte’s later understanding of culture which represents limitations of the initiated process of the liberation of human culture.

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Subjektivitet i tumačenje u Šlajermaherovoj hermeneutici

Author(s): Saša Hrnjez / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 14/2010

Schleiermacher’s project of the universalization of hermeneutics has been seen as the very beginning of its modern history. By dividing the process of interpretation into two separate, but mutually dependent aspects: grammatical (objective) and technical, or psychological (subjective), Schleiermacher conceived the interpretation as a structurally dualistic, but fundamentally infinite process of moving toward the totality of sense. Different readings of Schleiermacher attribute to him either primacy of the linguistic or primacy of the intentional-psychological. The purpose of this work is to put Schleiermacher’s hermeneutics in a dualistic light, whereby we can speak only about a mutual cooperation between two equally important aspects of the interpretation. In such context the problem of subject is defined by its dualistic nature. Moving from one aspect of the interpretation to another, the place of subject reveals itself as essentially problematic. Subjectivity is not considered in the terms of negation and self-determination, so in Schleiermacher there is a subject which constantly finds itself under the power of the objective structures (language, literal-artistic genres, tradition etc.). Therefore, the intention of this papers is to demonstrate that Schleiermacher’s hermeneutics, opposed to all critics of its romantic subjectivism, is not enough subjective. Subject is possible only as a borderline category.

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Hegelova konstitucija filozofije ekonomije

Author(s): Alpar Lošonc / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 5-6/2006

The author emphasized the double-character of the social philosophy of Hegel concerning the epochs of Antiquity and Modernity. In accordance with the analysis in this paper the philosophy of the economy proved to be the main field for the articulation of this specific position. Hegel`s philosophy of economy is based on the normative facticity within the structure of modernity and it accentuates the communal character of freedom supported by the welfare state. As constrasted with the reading of Fukuyama, Hegel`s social philosophy demonstrates the borders and the utopian character of liberalism.

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Hegels Lehre vom Spekulativen Satz

Author(s): Irina Deretić / Language(s): German Issue: 5-6/2006

Der Beitrag stellt den Versuch dar, Hegels Refleksionen über den philosophischen Diskurs zu erörtern. Unsere These besagt, daß Hegels Lehre „spekulativen Satz“ in prägnanter Form und den wesentlichen Momenten die Reflexion (eine Widerspieglung) des Weges seinen eigenen, in der Phänomenologie des Geistes dargelegten Philosophie darstelt. Um die Sache weiter zuzuspitzen: unsere These, die wir zuuntermauern versuchen, läuft nicht nur darauf, daß in Hegels „philosophischem Satz“ das spekulative Wesen der Philosophie aufgezegt wird, sondern vor allem auf den Umstand, daß seine Ausführungen über den spekulative Satz in zusammengefaßter Form die in ihren wichtigsten Momenten dargelegte Philosophie Hegels beinhaltet.

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Hegel i ,,Novi zavet”

Author(s): Slobodan Sadžakov / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 5-6/2006

This paper aims to enlighten some aspects of Hegel’s analylisis of the ,,New Testament”. In it’s center is the study of Hegel’s understanding in relation between philosophy and religion, also as the relation between customary and morality.

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Lajzegangova interpretacija misaone forme kod Hegela

Author(s): Damir Smiljanić / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 5-6/2006

Im Rückgriff auf Hans Leisegangs Lehre von den Denkformen skizziert der Autor in seinem Beitrag die Form; in der sich Hegels Art zu philosophieren niederschlägt. In der Einleitung wird in aller Kürze Leisegangs Theorie vorgestellt, ehe dann im Hauptteil der Arbeit die Beschreibung jener Form gegeben wird, die für Hegels Denken typisch ist. Es wird die logische Struktur dieser Denkform erörtert, neben dieser auch ihre theologisch-metaphysische Motivation und Genese, aber es wird auch auf die Problematik ihrer Rekonstruktion hingewiesen. Nachdem eine konkrete Hegel-Textinterpretation aus Leisegangs Werk wiedergegeben worden ist, wird ein Blick auf die methodischen Besonderheiten des Hegel’schen „Denkstils“ geworfen. Im Schlussteil der Arbeit wird ein Vergleich von Hegels Philosophie und Leisegangs Denkformenlehre vorgenommen mit dem Ergebnis, dass es sich letztlich um zwei „Programme“ mit grundverschiedener Intention, aber auch mit einem gemeinsamen Nenner handelt: Letzterer liegt in der Forderung nach einer ontologischen Fundierung der Logik.

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Praktički silogizam kod Aristotela i Hegela

Author(s): Milenko A. Perović / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 2/2004

Nach einer Darstellung der gegenwärtigen Diskussion über die Gedanklichkeit des menschlichen Handelns im Rahmen der analytischen Philosophie, die zur Abhandlung über den praktischen Schluss wurde, kehrt der Autor zur Interpretation der traditionellen Lehren über den praktischen Schluss zurück. Im Mittelpunkt seiner Interpretation ist die Rekonstruktion von Aristoteles’ Lehre vom praktischen Schluss und Hegels Lehre von der „Schluss des Handelns“. Der Autor vertritt die These, dass Hegel, Aristoteles’ Lehre über den praktischen Schluss folgend, das teleologische Prinzip in der Philosophie neu begründet und epochal weiterentwickelt hat.

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Novozavetni podstoj Hegelove rasprave o godspodstvu i ropstvu

Author(s): Lazar Vrkatić / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 2/2004

Discussion about dialectics of Master and Slave is probably the most disputable in various interpretations of Hegel's philosophy. The basis of this discussion in New Testament has not been taken in consideration yet. Dialectics of Father and Son, i.e. God and Christ from speculative John's Gospel (while synoptic Gospels are empirical and sensual) in Hegel's work is transformed into dialectics master and slave. There is also a polemical part of this discussion, turned towards Aristotele. Hegel's position is being developed as unity of unity (Aristotele's understanding of God) and difference (John's idea of God) in the form of Spirit.

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„Антропология с прагматической точки зрения" и Канта и идея взаимодействия культур

Author(s): Tamara Gorelova-Uzelac / Language(s): Russian Issue: 1/2004

U ovom radu autor istražuje izvore formiranja predstave о ambivalentnom karakteru medukultumog đelovanja u svetskoj kulturi na primeru radova Ž.Ž. Rusoa, J.G. Herdera i I. Kanta.

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Laudibus sensum communem: aktuelnost Kantove transcendentalne filozofije iz ugla njene semiotičke transformacije

Author(s): Milan Brdar / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 1/2004

In this article author is about to menage the question of actuality of Kants philosophy. As a way to do it author outlines the critique of transformation of transcendental philosophy in the work of K.-O- Apel, The core of the matter is made of two theses. First, that Kant is not a prisoner of methodological solipsism in the manner of modern rationalist master thinkers. Second, that Kant have with its concept of communicability of statements and intersubjectivity consensus overcorned methodological solipsism. Third, that Kant's philosophy posses actuality due to the concept of sensus communis in the sense of fundament of community's constitution and thus of language as a medium of communication. Article is concluded with two statements. First, that transformation of philosophy should be accomplished along the categories of practical reason (KpV A 117, and KdU A 156). Second, that core of transformation could be made of fusion of Kant's philosophy and contemporary language philosophy because of their complementary, and ultimate foundation in the sensus communis. In author's opinion it would result in new design of Kant's philosophy in keeping with the contemporary philosophical currents.

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Upotreba metafizike ukoliko je ona povezana sa geometrijom, u filozofiji prirode čija prva proba sadrži fizičku monadologiju

Author(s): Immanuel Kant / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 1/2004

Filozofi oštrijeg suda koj i se trude oko ispitivanja prirodnih stvari slažu se u uverenju da moramo sa najvećom brižljivošću da sprečimo da se u prirodnu nauku uvuče ono što je izmišljeno nekim srećn i m obrtom ili na temelju neke nepromišljenosti, kao i da se preduzima bilo šta neizvesno bez saglasnosti iskustva i bez posredovnja geometrije. Sigurno da ne bi moglo da se pretpostavi bilo šta što bi bi lo blagotvornije i korisnije za filozofiju od ove od luke. Pošto, verovatno, jedva da je nekome od smrtnika dopušteno da čvrstim koracima napreduJe na pravom putu istine, a da pri rom tu i tamo ne odstupi u stranu, onda su neki ovaj zakon do te mere razvili da se uopšte više ne usuđuju da se u ispitivanju istine otisnu na puč inu , već smatraju da je zgodn ije da jedre duž obale: oni su dozvoli li pristup samo onome što je neposredno poznato putem svedočanstva iskustva. A zapravo, na ovom putu možemo pouzdano da raščlanimo zakone prirode, ali ne i poreklo i uzroke zakona. Jer, onaj ko samo sledi prirodne pojave, uvek ostaje jednako udaljen od razumevanja prvih uzroka koj i leže daleko, i ism tako malo će da dospe do nauke o prirodi samih tela kao i onaj ko se sve više penje na vrh nekog brda zanoseć i se da će konačno dodirnuti rukom nebo. [...]

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Конструиране на фантастичния образ. Кант и Шелинг

Author(s): Silviya Kristeva / Language(s): English,Bulgarian Issue: 1/2020

The paper offers a discourse and approach to Kant’s and Schelling’s vision of imagination and fantasy and attempts to illuminate the construction of the fantastic image. Kant separates fantasy as a spontaneous play of productive imagination, even though he admits its ability to create objects that “are not given in the experience”. According to Schelling, the total human activity in art is already a separate research object. This activity unfolds in the universe as a form of the absolute, in which the first images of ideas form the ideal world and determine each specific artistic image. The deduced conditions of the construction of the fantastic image (the pure continuum of intuition and a possible apperception of the image) establish the framework of a new thematic field – the philosophy of the fantastic.

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Co wiedzieć powinien ten, który powinien wiedzieć? O warunkach możliwości niekonwencjonalnej praktyki naukowej w nowoczesności

Author(s): Stanisław Chankowski / Language(s): Polish Issue: 16/2019

The aim of this article is to examine the role of intellectual production and intellectuals in the construction of modern society. The new society, as understood by Hegel, is the fulfillment of the idea of recognition, in which the individual and his attributes exist in so far as they are recognised by other individuals. The same applies to all other social phenomena – their objectivity comes from recognition. This leads to the belief that modern society is founded on knowledge and that social objectivity must be a “known” objectivity. Nevertheless, there are social processes and laws which, even though they remain valid, are not “known” by everyone, because modern society is based on a kind of division of knowledge which corresponds to some extent to the social division of labour. Intellectuals in this scheme have the Lacanian function of a supposed subject of knowledge. Only apparently does this make them dependent on the obligations of the social bond, for which they are a materially privileged class. In fact, the obligation can only be fulfilled if it is betrayed by unconventional academic practices.

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Treść, pojęcie, realizm. Heglowskie rozumienie poznania zmysłowego

Author(s): Paweł Sikora / Language(s): Polish Issue: 26/2018

The author reviews the Hegelian construction of sense knowledge: the empirical content of the object and its general character. He argues that Hegel’s standpoint has to be to some extent compatible with the basic thesis of epistemological realism on the sense consciousness level. Yet at the same time Hegel’s concept of experience denotes a conceptual character of perceptual contents. This is possible thanks to a gradual process of recognizing the non-empirical elements of consciousness, as well as to the pattern in which the reality of the experience is feasible only within the ideal reality of Geist thinking. However, in the process of experience such an understanding of the Hegelian standpoint requires distinguishing improper reality (I line) from proper reality (II line). The interpretation proposed in this article appears to be well tuned with Hegel’s conception of a synthesis combining respective types and levels of knowledge, including sense knowledge.

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Über den Schmerz, die Transfiguration und die Fruchtbarkeit des Schöpferischen im Denken Nietzsches

Author(s): Marcel Hosu / Language(s): German Issue: 1/2020

The paper offers an overview of the development of the concept of pain in the works of Friedrich Nietzsche beginning with the musical conception of tragedy in his first major work The Birth of Tragedy from the Spirit of Music published 1872 up until the second edition of The Gay Science in 1886. It distinguishes between three periods in his thinking with regard to pain by taking into consideration both his published and unpublished works.

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