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Прва наша послератна критика класика марксизма

Author(s): Ilija Marić / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 32/2016

early in 1952, Dušan nedeljković gave a series of lectures on the subject of “the Contradictions and Fronts of Contemporary Philosophy“ at the Kolarac People’s University. Among other things, the lectures were about the limitations in the works of the classics of marxism-Leninism – marx, engels and Lenin. What is more, he spoke about their errors. the lectures provoked critical reactions from Zagorka mićić, Vuko Pavićević and Ivan Laća, published in Književne novine. nedeljković responded to them. It was the first more extensive philosophic polemic after the World War II in serbia. the topic of the polemic were the teachings of marxism’s classics, which had never been critically discussed before by our philosophers. nedeljković never published the script of his lectures. they marked the begining of the end of his career as a professor at the Faculty of Philosophy.

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Marxism and democracy: a new approach to comprehending the relationships between intellectuals and politics by examining the life and works of the Brazilian “activist” and theoretician Francisco Weffort

Author(s): Rafael Marchesan Tauil,Terrell Foster Carver / Language(s): English Issue: 51/2016

Our aimin this article is to explore the role played by Francisco Weffort in the intellectual and political field before and after the left-radicalization between the 1960’s and the 1980’s in Brazil. His initial intellectual formulations departed from a radical Marxist/‘class-ist’ perspective by arguing for the necessity for a drastic rupture of the Brazilian political and economic system. His ideas indirectly contributed to the Brazilian politics in two ways: in favor of the armed struggle against the military dictatorship; in favor of the foundation of a “new kind of politics” able to overwhelm the archaic Brazilian political tradition, having as its main consequence the foundation of the Partido dos Trabalhadores – PT (Workers’ Party) in 1980.Weffort helped to found the PT, which had a radical socialist orientation, but with the end of the Brazilian dictatorship in 1980 and the fall of the Berlin Wall in 1989, Weffort’s theories changed substantially. He began to privilege democratic representative institutions instead of a communist/socialist voluntarist activism. Our intention is to use a new analytical perspective to evaluate Weffort’s influence in the political processes. We have as assumption the idea that he played a role less as a university researcher than as a “public intellectual,” energizing Brazilian left-wing political practice. We are leaving aside for a time his textual production regarded in strict academic terms, and in contrast taking into account his political role during the decay and collapse of the USSR. We will demonstrate that as a “public intellectual” his formulations contributed to the foundation of the PT and informed the role taken by some left-wingers in the armed struggle.

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Još jednom o Marxu i „lijepoj duši“

Author(s): Miodrag Živanović / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 2/2018

In dem Mittelpunkt dieses Text ist be¬kannt Hegels Begriff die schöne Seele, wie eine interessante Kritik die Denker von des Ganze in Phänomenologie des Geis¬tes aussagte. Nämlich, das ist eine Kritik gegen Romantismus und der Schönheit in einem solche Raum, wie etwas in der Rela¬tion auf der Geschichte wirklich exotisch. Aber, in der Beziehung auf eine mögliche ungewöhnliche Frage: ob eine Möglichkeit besteht, dass Marx – durch Kritik Hegels Philosophie – auch, gleichzeitig, und eine Kritik gegen die schöne Seele macht? Oder, er ist glaublich nur noch ein Vertre¬ter von die schöne Seele? Oder, wir haben hier etwas dritte: Hegel ist – ganz möglich, ein marxist früher als Karl Marx, beson¬ders wegen marxistische Ideen über der Ende (also, die Ende von der Geschichte, ein Reichtum vonder Notwendigheit usw. Also, Karl Marx ist ein Hegelianer, ganz gleich wie Hegel ist ein marxist...

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Kontekst i značenje Marxova Kapitala

Author(s): Lino Veljak / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 2/2018

It is absolutely necessary to put Marx’s Capital in the context of genesis of his critique of political economy and thus determine the character of such critique. It comprises an ontology of social existence, which upon the analysis of alienated work provides insight into the necessity of private property and logic of extended reproduction aiming at obtaining profit. Insights into inner counterconditionality of alienated work and into necessity of life reproduction within the framework of extended profit reproduction direct us towards the potential self-cancellation contained in the existing order. It is concluded that neither Capital nor the entire opus of Marx’s critique of political economy as ontology of alienated social existence can be considered as obsolete.

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Philosophy and Politics – the Experience of the Publication review «Praxis» (1964-1974)

Author(s): Corinna Gerbaz Giuliano / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2018

This contribution investigates the role and significance of the “Praxis” philosophical review in its national and international sphere. “Praxis” marked the post-war Yugoslav philosophical debate and its outcomes; but more than that, it becomes the only living voice of Yugoslav “philosophical practice”. The “Praxis” idea of philosophy is suggested in its title: “the activity of thought” that the Yugoslav philosophers adopted had to change the fate of the world and was intended to be a real revolution. “Praxis” became, therefore, the journal of anti-dogmatic, humanist and revolutionary Marxism and developed from a new way of reading Marx. The Yugoslav example thus proposed a new stage in Marxist history, an antidogmatic one, centered on the creation of a humanistic and revolutionary Marxism. After forty-four since its suppression (1974), and inspired by the bicentenary celebrations of Karl Marx birthday, this essay reflects on what remains of the “Praxis phenomenon” nowadays.

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Prilog marksističkoj kritici etnonacionalizma

Author(s): Asim Mujkić / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 2/2018

Author poses the question in what sense could Marxist reading help us in the critique of the hegemony of ethnonationalism in Bosnia and Herzegovina (BiH). He suggests that if we indeed view political crisis in BiH from a perspective of ‘class’, the entire new spectrum of production of sociality and forms of solidarity will appear, the spectrum that usually remains ‘under the radar’ of hegemonic ideological ethnonationalist discourse, where he identifies the potential of emancipation. After Marxist analysis of ethnopolitical social formation, author identifies the four key obstacles to subjectivation of a democratic counter-power, that is to resist the hegemony: a. the articulated vocabulary, theory, or in classic Marxist discourse put – ‘class consciousness’; b. merciless process of pauperization; c. de-socialized or precarious work, and d. radical identitarian groupisms.

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Treba li se vraćati Marksu?

Author(s): Sreten Petrović / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 2/2018

When aesthetics is in question, Marx’s actuality is seen primarily in his almost romantic perception of art as a norm and unreachable postulate. This position enabled art of the 20th century to have free flow of aesthetic ideas, and to have distance with real socialist praxis of social and political functionalising of culture. The result of Marx’s empirical analyses of raise of capitalist production might have been even greater than this. Capitalism becomes an arch enemy of art in utterly rationalistic, technological world together with logos holy observation (Weltanschauung). Although Marx was theoretically in a different path form Hegel, he managed to perceive the same tragic destiny of art.

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Social Justice: Problems and Perspectives

Author(s): Ľuboš Blaha / Language(s): English Issue: 06+07/2005

La justice sociale dans l'Union Européenne est vraiment menacée aujourd'hui. La disseminatiuon de l'idée du marché libre et de la libéralisation extrême surgie de la globalisation et de la mobilité infinie du capital permet aux compagnies multinationales d'augmenter leurs profits par la redistribution de leur production dans des pays ou régions où la main d'oeuvre est moins chère.

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Homo faber u raljama neoliberalizma

Author(s): Jasenko Karović / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 22/2015

Kategorija ljudskog rada, kao pojedinačnog, svrhovitog djelovanja, je ona najfundamentalnija kategorija koja je na najkonkretniji način odredila povijesni hod čovjeka kao onog subjekta koji obavlja djelatnost tj. rad, i definirala njegovu trenutnu, savremenu društvenu situaciju. A savremena, aktuelna pozicija ljudskog rada, radnog čovjeka kao i radnih, odnosno proizvodnih odnosa, uprkos izvjesnim svojevremenim sindikalnim dobicima, na drastičan i zoran način demonstrira jedan izrazito negativan trend kojem svjedočimo još od samih početaka industrijske revolucije. Ovaj trend je onu osnovnu jedinicu rada, tj. radnika, odnosno čovjeka, sveo na lako zamjenjivi rezervni dio koji se u radnom procesu bez ikakvih negativnih posljedica po radni proces i kapital, može kompenzirati, supstituirati, istim takvim, ali još jeftinijim dijelom. Time je rad, a i sam radnik, dakle čovjek, najbrutalnije instrumentaliziran i reduciran na puko sredstvo za uvećanje profita. Tako je onaj izvorni subjekt rada, radnik, čovjek, zapravo supstituiran novim, apsolutnim subjektom. Naime, subjekt sada postaje sam kapital, ili preciznije, savremeni korporativni kapital koji je hipertrofirao i hipostazirao do zastrašujućih dimenzija jednog planetarnog levijatana, on postaje sam sebi svrha i apsolutni gospodar i svemoćni arbitar svjetske društvene stratifikacije, hijerarhije i svake društvene mehanike i kauzalnosti.

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Berdjajev i oktobarska revolucija

Author(s): Ratko Nešković / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 01/1989

Berdiaiev's political, theoretical and personal life is determined by three most important attitudes: his attitude to Christianity, to the general theme of Russia and to Marxism and the October Revolution. In the present paper the author concentrates on the explanation of Berdiaiev's revolutionary character, his experience of the October Revolution (the Soviet rule), his views on the communist ideology (Marxist theoretical position and its possibilities in the Russian conditions) and on the political attitudes of the Russian emigrants. Berdiaiev's autobiographic work Self-cognition serves as a basic source of reference.

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Naoružani narod kao sistem organiziranja obrane zajednice

Author(s): Desimir Simić / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 01+02/1982

U našoj se stručnoj i znanstvenoj literaturi sve češće spominje, ali malo znanstveno problematizira marksistička misao o naoružanom narodu, u kontekstu demokratizacije i podruštvljenja sistema obrane, čemu teži jugoslavenska teorija i praksa. Iz sadržaja i konteksta mnogih razmišljanja proističe da su klasici marksizma naoružani narod poimali kao tip »vojne organizacije proletarijata ... vojne organizacije koja se pojavljuje kao istorijski revolucionarni subjekt i garant nesmetane i autohtone izgradnje novog društva« i sl.

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Marksizam i anarhizam (Istorija i savremenost)

Author(s): Putnik Dajić / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 03/1980

Iako nikada nisu presudno uticali na lukove društvenih zbivanja, ruski anarhisti ipak su ostavili vidan trag u istoriji revolucionarnog bunta i slobodarske misli. Dva najznačajnija predstavnika evropskog anarhizma, Bakunjin i Kropotkin, potekla su iz Rusije, za njihovo delo vezuje se cela epoha u razvoju anarhističke teorije i anarhističkog pokreta.

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Revizija klasičnog marksističkog shvaćanja nacije

Author(s): Rudi Rizman / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 03/1980

K. Marx i F. Engels nisu izradili zaključnu teoriju o naciji. Neki, a to posebno vrijedi za publicističke radove o Južnim i drugim Slavenima, te o društveno-ekonomskim posljedicama imperijalizma u kolonijama, često su na prilično proturječan i ambivalentan način interpretirali Marxov i Engelsov teorijski odnos prema narodu i narodnostima.

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Norma i povijest

Author(s): Rüdiger Bubner / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 04/1979

Između norme i povijesti postoji uska povezanost, ali tu povezanost filozofija jedva da je mogla zaista zbilja pojmovno formulirati. Norme su, s jedne strane, povijesne činjenice.

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Science and Ideology: The Case of Cosmology in the Soviet Union, 1947–1963

Author(s): Helge Kragh / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2013

Ideological considerations have always influenced science, but rarely as directly and massively as in the Soviet Union during the early Cold War period, when cosmology was among the sciences that became politicized. This field of science developed very differently in the Communist countries than in the West, in large measure because of political pressure. Certain cosmological models, in particular of the big bang type, were declared pseudo-scientific and idealistic because they implied a cosmic creation, a concept which was taken to be religious. The result of the ideological pressure was not an independent Soviet cosmology, but that astronomers and physicists abandoned cosmological research in the Western sense. Only in the 1960s did this situation change, and cosmology in the Soviet Union began to flourish. The paper reviews the relationship between cosmology and political ideology in the Soviet Union from about 1947 to 1963, and it briefly relates this case to the later one in the People’s Republic of China.

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Marksističko poimanje problema historije u djelima Branislava Đurđeva

Author(s): Adnan Velagić / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 39/2010

Die marxistische Lehre stellt eine der komplexesten Fragen der modernen Zeit dar, vor allem deswegen, weil nach dem Tod von Karl Marx (1883) eine ganze Reihe von Historikern auftauchten, die sich als seine konsequente Anhänger darstellten. Unter ihnen gab es “verfehlte” oder “falsche Marxisten”, deren Einstellungen völlig von den grundsätzlichen Position des Marxismus abwichen, es gab auch solche, die diese Lehre nur in Ansätzen annahmen, aber auch konsequente Historiker, die in ihre ganze Wissenschaftsphilosophie originäre marxistische Prinzipien einführten. Einer der Protagonisten der letzten Gruppe war auch der bosnisch-herzegowinische Historiker Branislav Đurđev. Seine marxistische Geschichstauffassung brachte er in einer Reihe von Aufsätzen, Studien und Abhandlungen zum Ausdruck, in welchen er explizite seinen Standpunkt verteidigte und jene heftig kritisierte, die von dieser Auffassung abwichen.

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Polemika između Mirjane Gross i Branislava Đurđeva

Author(s): Dino Mujadžević / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 39/2010

Diese Arbeit versucht eine Übersicht über die langwierige, umfassende und teilweise scharfe Polemik über theoretische Fragen der Geschichtswissenschaft, die zwischen der kroatischen Historikerin Mirjana Gross und dem bosnisch-herzegowinischen Geschichtswissenschaftler Branislav Đurđev geführt wurde, zu geben. Die Polemik begann nach Đurđevs Kritik des Buchs von Mirjana Gross unter dem Titel “Historijska znanost” („Geschichtswissenschaft”) aus dem Jahr 1976 in der Sarajevoer Zeitschrift Prilozi (Beiträge). Die Polemik kulminierte kurze Zeit nach dem Auftrit der Mirjana Gross am Kongress der jugoslawischen Historiker 1977 in Novi Sad, in den polemischen Schriften beider Autoren in der Zagreber Zeitschrift für moderne Geschichte (Časopis za suvremenu povijest) 1978 und wurde schließlich 1980 beendet. Der Haupteinwand Branislav Đurđevs war, dass Gross ini hren theoretischen Arbeiten und Auftritten von der ursprünglichen marxistischen Geschichtslehre abgewichen und unter den Einfluss der westlichen nichtmarxistischen theretischen Tendenzen, vor allem des Strukturalismus und Funktionalismus geraten ist. Gross beschuldigte wiederum Đurđev des marxistischen Dogmatismus.

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Marksizam i problem utemeljenja političke znanosti

Author(s): Jovan Mirić / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 01/1976

Problem utemeljenja političke znanosti ne indicira samo eventualne teškoće i zapreke što ih ona ima savladati u društvenoj i političkoj zbilji, koja se opire svakom kritičkom propitivanju i analizi, već nas nužno dovodi k pitanju: kako je i da li je uopće moguća neka marksistička znanost o politici kao posebno znanstvena disciplina.

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Aspekti Marxove političke teorije

Author(s): Radule Knežević / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 01/1976

Središnja tema Marxove političke teorije jest odnos građanskog društva i političke države. Kritika predstavničke ili političke države preovlađuje u Marxovim ranim radovima, ali se ta tema u njegovoj teoriji ponovo javlja vezana za nalizu Pariške komune.

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Ten of Marx’s Ideas that Survived the 20th Century

Author(s): Ivan Šijaković / Language(s): English Issue: 16/2018

This paper analyses some of Marx’s ideas and attitudes that have been the subject of debate, support, dispute and controversy during the 20th century. All these ideas, in the second decade of the 21st century, can be the basis for research, analysis and criticism of the same phenomena Marx spoke about 150 or 160 years ago. In this paper, we point out ten key ideas of Karl Marx that were theoretically important for the analysis of events and social changes during the XX and early XXI centuries.

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