Георгий Плеханов versus Фридрих Алберт Ланге

Author(s): Iva Manova / Language(s): English,Bulgarian Issue: 5/2016

Georgij Plekhanov (1856–1918), the “father” of the Russian social-democratic movement, was one of the earliest writers who attempted to interpret the history of philosophy from the dialectical materialist standpoint. In the present article, Plekhanov’s approach to the history of philosophy is compared with the approach of the neo-Kantian philosopher Friedrich Albert Lange (1828–1875), whose book Geschichte des Materialismus greatly influenced the social-democratic thinkers of the revisionist current. Plekhanov disagreed with Lange on crucial issues, going as far as to accuse him of having contributed to the spread of a completely false notion of the essence and history of materialism. The aim of this article is to bring into focus the main differences between the two authors as regards their views on the history of materialism, and to outline the importance of “Plekhanov’s heritage” for the development of Soviet philosophical historiography.

Цимервалд 1915–2015 г.: повтаря ли се историята или става нещо друго?

Author(s): Maksim Mizov / Language(s): English,Bulgarian Issue: 5/2016

The article analyzes certain aspects of the “shadow” that the Zimmerwald conference casts on our times. On this basis, the author traces analogies between disturbing processes and trends in the ideological-political and organizational crises of social democracy in these two historical times. The betrayal of the left elites proves to be characteristic not only of the past but of the present as well. The author studies the trends of immorality and corruption of political elites, leading to the birth of radical left-wing moods and move-ments in political time-space.The article explains the causes and technique of the schism at the “tops” of the left and its effects for the fragmentation and weakening of the left’s role in states and societies. The author shows how in both historical ages under comparison, Reason, Peace and Progress are brutally and perfidiously substituted with Greed, War, and Regress.

Srpska etnologija i marksizam

Author(s): Gordana Gorunović / Language(s): Serbian

ПРОБЛЕМАТИКА ТЕРРОРИЗМА В РОССИЙСКОЙ ПУБЛИЦИСТИКЕ ВТОРОЙ ПОЛОВИНЫ XIX – НАЧАЛА ХХ ВЕКА

Author(s): Airat Shamilevich Bik-Bulatov / Language(s): Russian Issue: 6/2013

The article deals with the main interpretations of the Russian political terrorism of the second half of the 19th and the early 20th centuries in the journalistic writings of the said period. The views of revolutionary terrorists, the followers of the Pochvennichestvo and liberal Narodnichestvo movements, and early Marxists are presented. The ratio of sociopolitical types of a nihilist, revolutionary and terrorist in the journalistic essays is found out. The dynamics in understanding the image of a terrorist, associated with the overcoming of its glorification in socialistic press of the early 1900s is traced.

ПРОБЛЕМЫ ФИЛОСОФИИ НА СТРАНИЦАХ «УЧЁНЫХ ЗАПИСОК КАЗАНСКОГО УНИВЕРСИТЕТА»

Author(s): Yuriy Nikolayevich Ivanov,Valeriy Vasilyevich Korolev / Language(s): Russian Issue: 1/2014

In this article, we analyze the process of development of philosophical ideas at Kazan University during the Soviet and post-Soviet period and their reflection on the pages of the journal Uchenye Zapiski Kazanskogo Universiteta. We reveal areas of research carried out at the Department of Philosophy and make a conclusion that Uchenye Zapiski adequately reflected the level of philosophical thought at Kazan University in the given period.

“MADEN” FİLMİNİN MARKSİST ÇÖZÜMLEMESİ

Author(s): Birgül Alici / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 32/2016

Looking at socioeconomic changes from a perspective of a certain historical necessity, Marx focuses on the position, interests and struggle of the working class in the most capitalist and democratic societies within Marxism. In the study, a Yavuz Ozkan film "Maden" which explains the basic concepts of Marxism and the struggle of the working class, which Marx attaches great importance to, has been tried to be analyzed. The film, in which the soul of Marxism and its basic elements are studied on workers in a social realistic norm, is the result of a successful Marxist approach reflecting Yavuz Özkan's era.

On This Book’s Nature and Objectives

Author(s): Ivaylo Znepolski / Language(s): English Issue: 44/2017

Socijalistički karakter obrazovanja

Author(s): Đuldina Kurtović / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 2/2015

As an universal value education is one of the most fundamental expession of society. It also appears as one of the fundamental human rights. Through education an individual not only gain knowledge about itself, but also meets and learn about Others. As the one of crucial fundaments of socialization, education is also important for its own characteristics such as creation and implementation of spiritual and material possibilities. In every sphere we can find human drive for bringing eduaction closer to the life and existential needs. Possible solutions for existential situations can be found almost in every period of human history, especially in the philosophical and sociological orientations. Those solutions have been given in the socialism also. The term socialism has its specific meaning, especially in the context of social relations and as an specific social order. In this article it will be presented specific understanding of the concept of education within the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, especially in the framewoek of the Marxist's orientation. Freedom of individual meant also that academic freedom should be enabled. Within socialist character of education, academic freedom meant free discussions, but also presentation of new ideas and free opinions. However, in reality, realization of mentioned freedom had only formal character. Because, most educational institutions dependent economically and politically of the state authorities. It will also be shown what impact had this socialistic character of education on education in the society of 21st century in Bosnia and Herzegovina.

Sociálny katolicizmus a sekularizácia

Author(s): Jakub Štofaník / Language(s): Slovak Issue: 1/2015

The article examines the Catholic answer to such modern challenges such as industrialisation, urban sprawl, the accelerated growth of the working class and migrations in the territory of the Austro-Hungarian monarchy at the end of 19th and beginning of 20th century. From the perspective of Social Catholicism, which is understood primarily as a collective social practice present in society in various forms, the article contributes to the debate around the secularisation thesis and the role of religion in modern society. The study looks at the adaptation process from the first Kolping's movement, through the usage of the Social Catholic language by the political parties, to the establishment of the network of social catholic associations and trade unions. It analyses the transformation of Catholic participants that took part in debates about the ideal social order, as well their motivations, goals and interaction with society. Based on the role played by the Social Catholics in society, the conclusion offers possible limits and weaknesses of the secularisation approach.

Аналитичната философия в Българи

Author(s): Vihren Bouzov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2014

In this paper I shall try to present the role of analytical tradition in the development of Bulgarian philosophical thought – the critical attitude to it, the acceptance of its results of importance and the sizing of its typical problems. My main thesis is that at present the ideas and problems of analytical philosophers going through a veritable revival in my country.

Идейното наследство в началото (история, време и историческо време на Философски факултет на ВТУ “Св. св. Кирил и Методий”)

Author(s): Evlogi Dankov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2014

In the paper is considered the history of philosophy and philosophers in Veliko Turnovo before the official foundation of our Faculty of Philosophy. Some their advantages are commented from the point of view of the present-day philosophy.

Encounters between Disability Studies and Critical Trauma Studies: Introduction

Author(s): Anne-Marie Callus,Arleen Ionescu / Language(s): English Issue: 01/2018

When setting up the premises for a dialogue between disability studies and critical trauma studies and embarking on editing this pilot issue on ‘encounters’ between the two disciplines, we necessarily welcomed interdisciplinary approaches, ranging across disability studies, trauma studies, literary and cultural studies, media studies, as well as many other disciplines in the humanities. The first step in introducing this issue to our readers will be to present the histories of both disability studies and trauma studies in order to see how they evolved and see why our proposal that they should meet half way or at least more often can be considered a valid one.

In Search of the Drama of History: Or, National Roads to Modernity

Author(s): Roman Szporluk / Language(s): English Issue: 01/1989

Ernest Gellner and Miroslav Hroch ask about the content of the drama of modern history and the identity and role of its principal actors, and thus go beyond the less interesting question of how Marx's or List's ideas are interpreted in Communism and Nationalism. Accordingly, in my response, profoundly grateful as I am to my critics for writing their essays, I will build on their comments to clarify further that larger question of the role of nationalist actors and ideas in the drama of modern history. [...]

Отчуждението като проблем в Хайдегеровата философия

Author(s): Nikolay Pavlov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2021

The concept of alienation is important part of the 20th century leftwing social criticism and a key theme of Western Marxism and critical theory. It also has a significant impact on various existentialist-inspired cultural criticism. The development of the social and economic dynamics in recent decades has aroused interest for a different interpretations of this classic question. The following text is an attempt for ontological rethinking of the problem through the existential concepts of Martin Heidegger. This happens with the interpretive reading of several of those key concepts.

Sowjetunion - Hat eine marxistische Opposition in der Sowjetunion eine Zukunft?

Author(s): Bohdan Krawchenko / Language(s): German Issue: 15/1984

Im ersten Teil seiner Analyse untersuchte Krawchenko die historischen Bedingungen für eine marxistische Opposition: in dem formal ideologischen System der UdSSR, deren Machthaber sich verbal auf den Marxismus berufen, vermeiden kluge, kreative, intellektuell neugierige Studenten die sogenannten »ideologischem Disziplinen —daher sind so viele Dissidenten auch Naturwissenschafter, Schriftsteller, Mathematiker.

The New Humanities: In Search of Boundaries

Author(s): Agata Bielik-Robson / Language(s): English Issue: 44/2022

This article attempts to discuss the philosophical contexts and meaning of the new humanities in the context of the philosophy of subjectivity. At the foundation of the new humanities, as it is argued, is not enlightenment, but Heidegger’s thought, with his excoriating critique of modern subjectivity and its Machenschaft. The article points to the foundational hubris that the new humanities oppose, and to the attempt to reinstall the subject within fixed boundaries. The new humanities, and posthumanism in particular, might backlash with violence against civilisation, comparable to that they endeavour to renounce. In order to manoeuvre through these convoluted figures of subjectivity, the article supports its theses with insightful readings of Hölderlin and Adorno.

The Burning Paths to the Future

Author(s): Benjamin Varon / Language(s): English

The book „The Burning Paths to the Future“, published in memoriam, is a collection of selected works from two earlier books, Paths (1999, 2000, 2001) and Capitalism – Antagonist of Humankind (2004). It comprises Varon’s most significant and emblematic theoretical writings. His intellectual and philosophical insights recall the tradition of Bulgarian and foreign Marxist thought. What is more, the book contains ideas that have advanced Marxist philosophical thought at the turn of the 21st century. The book contains the core of the intellectual legacy bequeathed by Benjamin Varon – a Renaissance mind, an economist, scholar and philosopher whose perceptive articles and studies abound in brilliant heuristic insights and present an exciting read for researchers.The publication was a collaboration between Zakhari Stoyanov Publishing House and Raymonda Varon-Mateeva, daughter of the remarkable thinker. The profound message of the book will continue to inspire future historians and philosophers.

Głos ze świata. „Wersy o koniecznym oporze” Szczepana Kopyta

Author(s): Patryk Szaj / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2 (20)/2022

Patryk Szaj attempts to inscribe Szczepan Kopyt’s Wersy o koniecznym oporze [Verses about the Necessary Resistance] into the theoretical framework of the Capitalocene. The starting point is the reconstruction of the conditio of criticism in the Anthropocene. He opposes the beliefs expressed by some representatives of the Anthropocene discourse that criticism is ineffective in the face of the planetary challenges of this epoch. He argues that we criticism is till needed, as is also emphasized by the concept of the Capitalocene as an alternative to the Anthropocene. Next, Szaj moves on to a dialogue with Kopyt’s work. Using both the findings of critical theory and (new)materialistic concepts, Szaj points to Kopyt’s debt to both these traditions. He shows that Kopyt has managed to avoid the “speaking out of nowhere” that is associated with criticism. Kopyt speaks “from the world,” and his voice is that of a participant. This perspective, reconstructed in the article on the basis of Kopyt’s Wersy o koniecznym oporze, allows the poet to diagnose the anachronism of some Marxist heterodox practices (autonomism), as well as to note and creatively develop the positive and negative entanglements of human and inhuman actors in the era of Capitalocene.

Józef Tischner on Upbringing and Hope

Author(s): John P. Hittinger / Language(s): English Issue: 8/2022

The present article examines Józef Tischner’s idea of upbringing (wychowanie) in establishing the new awareness of solidarity among the Polish workers and people through an awakening to conscience. The present moment served as a revolutionary alternative to socialism. I look at Tischner’s critique of Marxism and the central issue surrounding base and superstructure. Then I turn to his recovery of the Polish tradition of ethical ideals, especially in the person of Maximilian Kolbe and John Paul II. The text provides a detailed analysis of the chapter on upbringing in The Spirit of Solidarity. Tischner’s notion that upbringing is a personal bond established in trust to live in hope for improvement in mind and heart is placed in the context of the solidarity as a social bond establishing an ethical community transcending the political quest for power and the need to find an enemy. The text analyzes the various counterfeit forms of education in order to deepen our awareness of the meaning of authentic upbringing. Salient points of his teaching are discussed in conclusion.

On Fragments: A Piece of Art and the “I” – or Not

Author(s): Stanley E. Gontarski / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2024

This essay explores the philosophical implications inherent in Samuel Beckett’s most enigmatic and metonymic late theater work, Not I, even as he frequently abjured any interest in philosophy, which he claimed neither to read nor to understand. The play is profoundly ontological, however, and its metonymic stage image engages the classical philosophical conundrum of the relationship of the part, a piece or fragment, say, to the whole, an issue with which Beckett has at least been intrigued for most of his creative life.