Oživljvanje birokapitalističkog modela i identifikacija etatističkog sindroma kod mladih Srbije

Author(s): Siniša Zarić,Vojislav Babić / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 3/2013

This text deals with the growing state trend interfering in economy both in the world and in Serbia during the global economic crisis. It is aiming at calling attention to state regulating growing trend in Serbian economy which strengthens non-economic thinking, generates soft budgeting constraints and results bad economic parameters. Emphasized state presence in Serbian economic processes can neither be explained by prolonged transitional process lasting (Serbia as the only country in the phase of transitional recession), nor can it make any sense of new regulation aspects, as a consequence of global economic crisis. Economic culture must be taken into account characterizing strong syndromes of paternalism, etatism and non-competitiveness. The ruling set of non-formal institutions which are slowly being changed, according to D. North, represent good platform for newstate-interventionism and budget constraint softening.

Potencjał ekonomiczny Chin i jego pozycja w gospodarce światowej

Author(s): Ewa Cieślik / Language(s): English,Polish Issue: 04/2016

The article analyzes the level of China's development in the context of its impact on the world order. For this purpose the article presents a review of literature on the concepts and factors of the power of the state, shows the most important macroeconomic indicators describing the level of development in China, presents the Middle Kingdom’s participation in global trade and capital and the level of competitiveness of China’s economy. This analysis allows the identification of the impact of China on global economy.

Yabancı Patentlerin Doğrudan Yabancı Sermaye Yatırımları Üzerindeki Etkisi: 1974-2012 Türkiye Örneği

Author(s): Hatice Armutcuoğlu Tekin,Selim Şanlisoy / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 12/2016

The aim of this paper is to examine the co-integration relationship between patents and foreign direct investments in Turkey. Accordingly, Gregory Hansen co-integration method is applied, which is used to see co-integration relationship under the condition of structural break. As a result of this study, the year 1984 is identified as a structural break year. The long-term relationship between patents and foreign direct investments is in a negative way before 1984, in a positive way after 1984. The patents’ monopolistic potential and making restrictions for entering the market and multinational corporations’ licensing instead of foreign direct investments can be assessed as the causes of the negative relationship. And Turkey’s liberal economic policies for foreign direct investments after 1980 can be considered the cause of the positive relationship principally.

Таможенный союз и развитие миграционных процессов в Кыргызстане

Author(s): Kumen I. Isakov,Nyrgylya K. Isakova / Language(s): Russian Issue: 2/2016

The article discusses the impact of the Customs Union on the development of migrationprocesses in Kyrgyzstan.

Pravno-ekonomski aspekti finansiranja zdravstvenog osiguranja u Republici Srbiji

Author(s): Radoja Janjetovic / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 8/2016

Health insurance financing is a very important instrument in the formation of both national and business policy of business entities. From this point of view it can be said that by permanent improvement of the financial part of the general needs of the society as a whole and individuals, we are able to distinguish two types of funding: firstcentralist and second-liberal. The existence of high risk requires state intervention in the problem of financing, with a tendency to allow liberalization of financial resources in certain areas.

Dilemmas and Confines with Personal Income Taxation Harmonization Process

Author(s): Tomasz Wołowiec / Language(s): English Issue: 4 (80)/2016

During the development of the Treaty of Rome it was decided that, to assure a common market, it was enough to harmonise indirect taxes and remove trade barriers as they were the prime inhibitors to the flow of goods and services. The harmonisation of direct (income) taxes was not considered as they were seen as not significantly affecting the single internal market. Problems tied to direct taxation became visible as integration proceeded, the EU grew, its citizens began to migrate, multinational enterprises increased in size and scope and their financial flows (capitaland profit transfers between headquarters and subsidiaries in different EU countries) became seriously affected.

The effects of inward and outward FDI on domestic investment: evidence using panel data of ASEAN–8 countries

Author(s): Bee Wah Tan,Soo Khoon Goh,Koi Nyen Wong / Language(s): English Issue: 5/2016

In view of the changing FDI landscape, in particular, a drastic increase in out-ward FDI from developing and transition economies in recent years, this paper attempts to explore the possible impacts of outward FDI other than domestic savings and inward foreign direct investment on domestic investment. The major contribution of this study is that it is the first effort to empirically analyse the short- and long-run effects of the outward FDI using panel data of ASEAN–8 countries, which could provide useful policy implications for governments at both regional and international levels to achieve inclusive growth and sustainable development. Using pool mean group analysis, this paper finds that the gross domestic saving, inward FDI and outward FDI have a positive long-run impact on the gross domestic investment even though their long-run estimates are inelastic. The empirical study reveals that both inward FDI and outward FDI, to some extent, are complementary to the gross domestic investment.

Euroazjatycka Wspólnota Gospodarcza i Szanghajska Organizacja Współpracy jako alternatywa dla Turcji wobec braku członkostwa w Unii Europejskiej

Author(s): Ahmet Burak / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2015

Turkey formally applied for membership in the European Union (EU) on April 14, 1987, but it took 12 years to get candidate status at the Helsinki summit of 1999. The year 2014 brought no breakthrough in the negotiations between the EU and Turkey. Public opinion polls show that many Turkish citizens have no hope of joining the EU. Waiting too long for membership in the EU is causing a lot of controversy in Turkey and is one of the most frequently raised issues in the political discourse. In the last three years, the Turkish political class and society became more and more sympathetic to perceived integration initiatives in the Eastern direction. Turkey has opened a new road in the form of accession to the Eurasian Union and the Shanghai Cooperation Organization. What will happen if Turkey will support its way in this direction? How long can Turkey wait for admission to the EU? Where would it be better for Turkey? The Eastern Alliance or the Western?

Polityka zagraniczna Francji wobec Rosji w sektorze energetycznym

Author(s): Karolina J. Helnarska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2015

The France on the international stage, with Russia can be changed while in the field of energy, trying to benefit from mutual cooperation. This comes from the desire of France to ensure the security of gas supplies, supply diversification, the strengthening of French companies in the field of energy in the European energy market. France pursued a policy based on the security of supplies from sources of imports under long-term contracts. In addition to security issues and impor-tant economic role played by political issues. France is more active cooperation in economic matters and issues of energy security between Germany and Russia. Doesn’t want to be completely excluded from cooperation in this area. Offer Rus-sia the possibility of buying some military technology and nuclear missiles, which can Germany offer

Kształtowanie zasad ukraińsko-chińskiego partnerstwa strategicznego

Author(s): Maryana Prokop,Iwona Galewska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2014

Ukrainian-Chinese relations have taken on new importance since 2010, along with the economic crisis. Ukraine tried (like the U.S.) to get new sources of fund-ing for business, but primarily as an antidote to the stagnation of the Ukrainian economy. The multiplicity of agreements signed between Ukraine and China in 2010–2013 was also demonstrates that Ukraine was looking for a new direction of foreign policy. The strategic partnership between Ukraine and China is primar-ily economic and economic, not political. However, the perception of China in Ukraine is carried out through the prism of state influence on the political, eco-nomic and social processes in the world. China on the other hand see Ukraine in the context of the so-called region. New Eastern Europe (including Belarus and Moldova), which is regarded by Beijing as an opportunity to expand markets to sell their goods to the markets of the EU and the Customs Union.

Rozwój lokalnych i odnawialnych źródeł energii na Białorusi. Stan obecny i perspektywy

Author(s): Arkadiusz Czwołek / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2014

In 2010, Byelorussia undertook an ambitious plan to reduce dependence of its en-ergy sector on supplies of Russian energy sources. In accordance with the adapted concept, participation of local fuels in the country’s energy balance is to increase from 20.7% in 2010 to 32% in 2020. Implementation of the strategy for increasing participation of local and renewable energy sources in the country’s energy and fuel balance encounters numerous problems. Insufficient financial resources, cor-ruption scandals in the background, and problems with finding foreign investors seem to jeopardise chances for implementation of the government strategy con-cerning the renewable energy sources. Thus, Byelorussia will still remain a coun-try strongly dependant on supplies of Russian natural gas.

Perspektywy modernizacji białoruskiej energetyki w latach 2011–2016

Author(s): Arkadiusz Czwołek / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2014

The paper attempts to estimate chances for modernisation of the Byelorussian en-ergy system in the years 2011–2016. In accordance with the government strategy, in 2015 Byelorussia is to become an energy independent country. The ambitious government plan provides for modernisation of several tens of power facilities. It also aims at reducing the dependence of the domestic energy sector on Russian energy sources. However, the modernisation plans of the energy system include a significant risk, as their financing largely depends on obtaining foreign loans.The current implementation rate of the government strategy indicates that chanc-es for modernising the outdated Byelorussian energy system are small. Only com-missioning of a nuclear power plant will end Byelorussian problems with electric power shortages

Энергетический фактор в российско-американских отношениях: энергодиалог или энергоконкуренция

Author(s): Nataliia V. Slobodian / Language(s): Russian Issue: 1/2014

The article analyzes the importance of the energy factor in the system of relations between United States and Russia. It defines the role and place of the oil mon-archies of the Persian Gulf, as well as Iraq and Iran in the energy policies of the United States of America and the Russian Federation. The paper discussed the conceptual content of the energy factor as a foreign policy tool, which can simul-taneously act as an element of “hard” and “soft power”. The mechanism of the formation of the United States of a regional network on the system of so-called “energy outposts.” The author analyzed the basic mechanisms of the US-Russian energy dialogue in the Gulf region, as well as highlighted reasons for the rise of competitive confrontation between the superpowers in the energy sector of the region and presents main directions of Russian-American cooperation and com-petition in the energy sector of the Gulf States.

Polityka bezpieczeństwa energetycznego Chińskiej Republiki Ludowej

Author(s): Maciej Szczurowski / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2013

China for many years was self-sufficient in meeting their needs for energy. Even in the late 80’s and 90’s of the twentieth century, China had an important place among oil exporters. At the end of the last century, China’s energy situation be-gan to change rapidly, from an exporter it turned into an importer of energy re-sources. Currently, the amount of oil imported from overseas outweighs the do-mestic production and the PRC in terms of import is ranked third in the world after the U.S. and Japan.China’s demand for energy has its impact on the relations of this superpower with other countries, and thus affects the state of international relations. An im-portant role is played by the safety implications of obtaining energy. Sea lanes,by which is supplied most of China’s oil from the Middle East, Africa and South America, are patrolled by U.S. naval forces. It strikes at the ambition of Beijing, who wants to play the role of a world superpower, so the program was initiated to increase the presence of the Chinese fleet in the waters of the South China Sea and the Indian Ocean. China’s growing demand for energy has brought it into direct competition with the source of energy for both with the United States and with the countries of Western Europe. Experts are of the opinion that the depletion of oil reserves in the future will lead to a conflict not only between the U.S. and China but this group may include: the European Union, Japan, Brazil and India.Adopted by the Chinese government’s energy strategy for the coming years, mainly includes measures to reform the national energy sector. The main objec-tive is to increase its efficiency, expansion of oil and gas pipelines, and creating a system of institutions responsible for energy policy. It should also be noted in-tense efforts to diversify energy import sources and types of energy.The strategy of China’s energy security, scheduled for a period of transforma-tion and economic growth is based on the principles of peaceful coexistence in the world. In economic relations with other countries, the Chinese promote dia-logue based on achieving mutual benefit. At the same time, they are very consist-ent, and sometimes ruthless in the realisation of the strategic objectives.

„South Stream” i „North Stream” jako narzędzia realizacji rosyjskiej polityki zagranicznej

Author(s): Robert Kłaczyński / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2013

K niektorým otázkam súčasného vývoja americko - kubánskych vzťahov

Author(s): Ľudmila Lipková,Rudolf Kucharčík / Language(s): Slovak Issue: 1/2017

This paper deals with the development of relations between the U.S. and Cuba from 1959 till now. Its aim is to analyse main factors and facts that led to the creation of special relations between these two states. These two neighbouring countries did not maintain diplomatic relations for more than half of the century and their economic relations were frozen as the result of extensive economic embargo imposed by the U.S. However, following certain subjective but especially objective factors, the barriers for development of political and economic cooperation were gradually removed from 2008. Despite that, the relations between the U.S. and Cuba cannot be characterized as friendly. The countries have different social structure and different attitudes toward understanding of such terms as democracy and human rights. Objective development in the world, especially the processes of social and economic globalization lead to the easing of some dogmas and also some social and economic changes are visible slow. Normalization of relations between the U.S. and Cuba should help to improve economic situation on Cuba. However, both players have their own attitude towards the process of liberalization of mutual relations and their further development. Despite that, there is a resumption of dialogue and cooperation between both states.

Çin’in enerji politikasinda Rusya’nin yeri

Author(s): Serikbay YDYRYS,Kanat Ydyrys / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 33/2017

China considers that diversifying energy sources will contribute to energy security and especially China is becoming more important for Russia. With a population of 1.5 billion and a constantly growing need for energy, China has a vital place in Russia's energy strategy. In this direction, the role and importance of Russia in the external security and energy policy of the China has been analyzed. However, the energy relationship between Russia and China is much more complex than a consumer producer relationship. It also plays a decisive role in the rise of Russia and China as great powers. In this context, Russia - China energy cooperation, the role of the energy factor in the relations between the two countries, signed agreements, transport lines in operation and transportation line projects planned to be carried out are discussed.

Political Economy aspects of Deep and Comprehensive Free Trade Agreements

Author(s): Panagiota Manoli / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2013

Trade agreements are usually shaped by political considerations rather than pure welfare estimations. This article aims at discussing the political economy aspects of Deep and Comprehensive Free Trade Agreements offered by the European Union to its Eastern partners. It is argued that although the DCFTAs concern trade liberalization and remain a technically complicated elite-driven process, they are widely perceived by engaged partners and beyond as primary evidence of joining the European economic integration project which will fundamentally affect the distribution of wealth and power in Eastern neighbourhood redesigning its political economy map. Using trade jargon, these agreements have served geopolitical goals rather than economic interests.

Intervention priorities for economic development in the crossborder area Romania-Ukraine-Republic of Moldova - A’WOT analysis approach

Author(s): Marcela Şlusarciuc,Gabriela Prelipcean / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2013

The aim of the paper is to establish the future intervention priorities in building a new programme that would target the economic development in the research area. The used methodology included an adapted A’WOT analysis - an initial SWOT analysis and a prioritization of the items through an expert questionnaire. In the present paper we analyze the experts’ opinions and the areas where intervention is needed for the optimum strategies for the 2014-2020 financial frame. These should rely on the strengths in the Guidelines for Applicants, the rules for projects implementation and the institutional system, it should consider changes on the weak points concerning the programme objectives, the Guidelines for Applicants and the beneficiaries consultations, it should make use of opportunities coming from the crossborder status, European Union frame and economic opportunities and overcome the differences coming from crossborder status, membership of two different supranational structures and the economic gaps.

EXPLORATION OF KEY SUCCESS FACTORS IN LOCAL GOVERNMENT CRISIS RECOVERY

Author(s): Hong-Cheng Liu / Language(s): English Issue: 53/2016

Crises in public safety are likely to result in casualties, life circumstance worsening, individual and social psychological unbalance, organization destruction and even paralysis, social disorder, and social, economic, and ecological environment damage. Crisis recovery of public safety presents the characteristics of complex contents, diverse forms, large difficulties, high public expectation, and limited time. Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) indicated that even the member states of OECD sometimes could not cope with the problems caused by large-scale crises. Taking the common people suffering from Kaohsiung gas explosion as the research subjects, total 200 copies of questionnaires are distributed, and 136 effective copies are retrieved, with the effective rate 68%. The research results show that, according to the overall weight of the evaluation indicators for the key success factors in local government Crisis Recovery, the most emphasized top five indicators among the 14 evaluation indicators are Regular Project, Recovery Evaluation, Evacuation Arrangement, Order of Importance, and Longitudinal Survey. Based on the experimental results, various discussions and suggestions are proposed, expecting to provide local governments with definite guidance and directions for Crisis Recovery.